Paintings of the classics. Famous portraits
Among the noble works of art that delight the eye and evoke only positive emotions, there are paintings that are, to put it mildly, strange and shocking. We present to your attention 20 paintings by the brush worldwide famous artists that make you terrified...
"Failure of Mind to Matter"
A painting painted in 1973 by the Austrian artist Otto Rapp. He depicted a decomposing human head, placed on a birdcage containing a piece of flesh.
"The Hanging Live Negro"
This grisly creation by William Blake depicts a black slave who was hanged from the gallows with a hook threaded through his ribs. The work is based on the story of the Dutch soldier Steadman, an eyewitness to such a brutal massacre.
"Dante and Virgil in Hell"
Adolphe William Bouguereau's painting was inspired by a short scene about a battle between two damned souls from Dante's Inferno.
"Hell"
Painting "Hell" German artist Hans Memling, painted in 1485, is one of the most terrifying artistic creations of its time. She was supposed to push people towards virtue. Memling enhanced the horrifying effect of the scene by adding the caption: "There is no redemption in hell."
"The Great Red Dragon and the Sea Monster"
Famous English poet and 13th century artist William Blake in a moment of inspiration he created a series watercolor paintings depicting the great red dragon from the Book of Revelation. The Red Dragon was the embodiment of the devil.
"Spirit of Water"
The artist Alfred Kubin is considered the greatest representative of symbolism and expressionism and is known for his dark symbolic fantasies. “The Spirit of Water” is one such work that depicts man’s powerlessness before the elements of the sea.
"Necronom IV"
This scary creation by famous artist Hans Rudolf Giger was inspired by the movie Alien. Giger suffered from nightmares and all of his paintings were inspired by these visions.
"The Flaying of Marcia"
Created by an artist of the times Italian Renaissance Titian's painting "The Flaying of Marsyas" is currently in the National Museum in Kromeriz in the Czech Republic. Piece of art depicts a scene from Greek mythology, where the satyr Marsyas is flayed for daring to challenge the god Apollo.
"The Temptation of Saint Anthony"
Matthias Grunewald depicted religious subjects of the Middle Ages, although he himself lived during the Renaissance. St. Anthony was said to have faced tests of his faith while praying in the desert. According to legend, he was killed by demons in a cave, then he resurrected and destroyed them. This painting depicts Saint Anthony being attacked by demons.
"Severed Heads"
The most famous work Theodore Gericault is "The Raft of Medusa", a huge painting painted in romantic style. Géricault tried to break the boundaries of classicism by moving to romanticism. These pictures were initial stage his creativity. For his works, he used real limbs and heads, which he found in morgues and laboratories.
"Scream"
This famous painting Norwegian expressionist Edvard Munch was inspired by a serene evening walk during which the artist witnessed the blood-red setting sun.
"The Death of Marat"
Jean-Paul Marat was one of the leaders French Revolution. Suffering from a skin disease, he spent most of his time in the bathroom, where he worked on his notes. There he was killed by Charlotte Corday. Marat's death has been depicted several times, but it is Edvard Munch's work that is particularly brutal.
"Still life of masks"
Emil Nolde was one of the early Expressionist artists, although his fame was eclipsed by others such as Munch. Nolde painted this painting after studying masks in Berlin Museum. Throughout his life he has been fascinated by other cultures, and this work is no exception.
"Gallowgate Lard"
This painting is nothing more than a self-portrait of Scottish author Ken Currie, who specializes in dark, social-realistic paintings. Curry's favorite theme is dim city life Scottish working class.
"Saturn Devouring His Son"
One of the most famous and sinister works Spanish artist Francisco Goya was painted on the wall of his house in 1820 - 1823. The plot is based on Greek myth about the Titan Chronos (in Rome - Saturn), who feared that he would be overthrown by one of his children and ate them immediately after birth.
"Judith Killing Holofernes"
The execution of Holofernes was depicted by such great artists as Donatello, Sandro Botticelli, Giorgione, Gentileschi, Lucas Cranach the Elder and many others. On painting by Caravaggio, written in 1599, depicts the most dramatic moment of this story - the beheading.
"Nightmare"
The painting by Swiss painter Heinrich Fuseli was first shown at the annual exhibition of the Royal Academy in London in 1782, where it shocked both visitors and critics.
"Massacre of the innocents"
This outstanding work art by Peter Paul Rubens, consisting of two paintings, was created in 1612, believed to be influenced by the works of the famous Italian artist Caravaggio.
"Study of the Portrait of Innocent X Velazquez"
This terrifying image by one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, Francis Bacon, is based on a paraphrase of Diego Velázquez's famous portrait of Pope Innocent X. Splattered with blood, his face painfully contorted, the Pope is depicted seated in a metal tubular structure that, upon closer inspection, appears to be a throne.
"Garden earthly pleasures»
This is Hieronymus Bosch's most famous and frightening triptych. To date, there are many interpretations of the painting, but none of them have been conclusively confirmed. Perhaps Bosch's work personifies the Garden of Eden, the Garden of earthly pleasures and the Punishments that will have to be suffered for mortal sins committed during life.
Such famous portraits as "Portrait of a Lady in Blue" T. Gainsborough, "Young Man with a Basket of Fruits" Michelangelo Merisi de Caravaggio, “Self-Portrait” by K. P. Bryullov, etc. today have become the standard of excellence in fine arts.
For a connoisseur of beauty, famous portraits today are not just canvases that art critics write about and that cost fabulous amounts of money.
For every connoisseur painting is, as it were, the “soul” of the artist - an expression of the worldview, aesthetic credo, and manner of execution of the painter. Famous portraits(“Portrait of E. N. Arsenyeva” by V. L. Borovikovsky, “La Gioconda” by Leonardo da Vinci, etc.) are so expensive because they evoke something special in the viewers’ souls. This is that unique feeling called the feeling of beauty.
Gioconda beautiful in her gaze - it seemed to combine soft femininity and a grin, somewhat similar to a man’s. It is not without reason that many who have seen the real painting by da Vinci claim that if you look at “La Gioconda” from afar, it seems as if in front of you is a meek, gentle woman. But, if you get closer to the picture, you are convinced that the canvas depicts a man with an almost devilish, almost cruel grin. Famous portraits are so famous because they have their own uniqueness, “zest”.
Portraits of famous artists
Portraits of famous artists are also remarkable. Since their own paintings is a reflection of their worldview, then even in the gaze of the painters one can read something special, characteristic of them and their paintings. It is a special thing when portraits of famous artists are created by them themselves.
Famous portraits sometimes appear as depictions of the appearance of their author. In a self-portrait, the artist can express his own vision of his appearance. Eg “Self-portrait” by I. I. Levitan, created in the 1890s. The painting depicts Isaac Levitan in full dress. The artist himself is depicted in a completely relaxed pose, but his figure is surrounded by a gray-brown haze, as if foreshadowing something bad, fatal. And his other self-portrait, dating from 1880, appears completely different. Shown here is young and Beautiful face painter, smiling slyly. Here Levitan’s figure is against a blue background, cheerful and positive. The influence of the painting on the viewer often depends on the artist’s assessment of his own appearance. Portraits of famous artists give a person the opportunity to look at the genius who created this or that painting. Who didn’t want to look at the face of the one who portrayed the Demon from the work of M. Yu. Lermontov? Or look at the man who created image unfortunate Alyonushka, who lost her brother?
Portraits of famous women
Portraits of famous women occupy a special place in the galaxy of great paintings. Famous portraits of women most often tell the story of the beauty of those depicted. But it also happened that a woman was a painter herself, and could give an interpretation of her own appearance (self-portrait) and the appearance of those around her.
Famous painting Louise Vigée-Le Brun "Self-Portrait with Daughter"
shows not only the charm of its creator, but also Louise’s affection for her daughter: they hug each other so tenderly. Louise's brush includes a series of portraits depicting Marie Antoinette. The great portrait artist A. G. Warnek (1782–1843) created magnificent portraits of famous women. These were such famous portraits as the Portrait of E. M. Olenina in Priyutino, the hostess of the literary solon. The master’s brushes also include such paintings as “ portrait Kolosova Evgenia Ivanovna" - famous ballerina, one of the hundred great ballet masters. The painting depicts a young beautiful girl, with her hair tied up, and with a quiver of arrows in her hands. The woman in such portraits became equal to the man.
Portraits of famous people
Portraits of famous people allow descendants to see the real appearance of writers, musicians, politicians, etc. For example, the portrait of the famous Soviet writer A. N. Tolstoy, made by P. D. Kokorin gives us not only an image of the writer’s face. The picture conveys Tolstoy’s thoughtfully gloomy gaze, turned to the side. In his right hand, the person depicted holds a smoking pipe, but his fingers tightly grip wooden surface, which indicates the concentration of Alexei Tolstoy. Portraits of famous people can convey the main point activities depicted.
This is how another portrait was made - portrait of F. I. Chaliapin(1905. Canvas, charcoal, chalk) made by V. A. Serov. Here the sad look of Fyodor Chaliapin is fully expressed. Chaliapin is wearing a tailcoat, but the wings of his nose rise excitedly, as if famous singer I just finished another aria.
Perhaps only Strong woman will be able to be the wife of an artist: endure his ups and downs, experience his failures as if they were her own. Portraits of women by famous artists, painted by the painters themselves, serve as proof of love and gratitude. One of these strong, but at the same time soft women was Nadezhda Ivanovna Zabala-Vrubel. It was famous Opera singer, which Mikhail Vrubel, the creator of the famous “Demon,” fell in love with at first sight. It was Nadezhda Zabela who served as the prototype famous character paintings Vrubel "The Swan Princess".
It was beautiful woman, who loved her husband, even despite the fact that Mikhail Alexandrovich was very different bad character. Among the great portraits of women by famous artists is the series of paintings of Gala, painted by Salvador Dali. In 1929, Gala (Elena Dyakonova), together with her first husband Paul Eluard, visited the young Catalan painter Salvador Dali. Salvador and Elena fell in love with each other immediately, even despite the fact that Dyakonova was ten years older than the artist and had a daughter from her first marriage, Cecile. Gala (as Dali called her) became the first and only love, muse and wife. She built the artist’s work schedule and became his “producer.”
Such famous portraits were painted from Elena Dyakonova as: “Portrait of Gala with two lamb ribs”, “Gala in the image of Leda”, etc. Salvador Dali wrote about his beloved in a dedication in his biography “The Diary of a Genius”: “I I dedicate this book to my genius, my victorious Gala Gradiva, my Helen of Troy, my Saint Helen, my brilliant like the surface of the sea, Gala Galatea the Serene.”
Famous portraits of women
Even the most famous female portraits cannot be compared in importance and fame with Leonardo da Vinci’s painting “La Gioconda”. This painting struck many with its dissimilarity to other famous portraits. It became so famous also because there was an opinion that Leonardo himself depicted himself in it. And indeed, as mentioned above, some art critics think that Gioconda’s smile is truly masculine. Famous portraits of women are sometimes symbols of femininity and beauty.
These are such famous female portraits as “Portrait of N. N. Pushkina” A. P. Bryullov(Watercolor, 1831), and a portrait of “Nina Chavchavadze” by N. Iankoshvili. Both young girls are shown in the prime of their youth and beauty. Both of them are the spouses of great Russian writers. Both of these girls have something bright, pure, sublime; they are depicted as muses of A. S. Griboedov and A. S. Pushkin. The girls are dressed in light gauze dresses, as if sparkling in the rays innocent beauty their owners. These are famous portraits of not just women, but inspirations of writers.
The most famous portraits
The most famous portraits are, perhaps, those that made the greatest impression on viewers. Such famous portraits attract attention either because of the unusual colors, the originality of the plot, etc. The portrait of A. S. Pushkin, made by Orest Kiprensky, is perceived as such.
The artist's style, distinguished by plastic expressiveness of form and truthfulness, was able to convey, to one degree or another, the unique appearance of the poet. “Portrait of A. S. Pushkin” at one time caused a lot of controversy. Some viewers (Pushkin's contemporaries) spoke about the amazing similarity, others said that there was no such similarity. Here, rather, everything depended on how Pushkin was known by his contemporaries. The most famous portraits are so great also because they make the viewer feel the reflection of the soul of the person depicted. We can feel the aura of a person who died many years ago, feel his gaze on us. Perhaps even the most beautifully taken photographs will never be able to convey the enchanting magic of famous portraits. In the most famous portraits there is always something of their author - the artist. Two people participate in the creation of a portrait - the artist and the character in the picture, one gives the canvas his appearance, and the painter, no matter how realistic the picture is, always brings into it an echo of his soul.
The page presents the most famous paintings by Russian artists of the 19th century with names and descriptions
The diverse painting of Russian artists since the beginning of the 19th century has attracted attention with its originality and versatility in Russian fine art. The masters of painting of that time never ceased to amaze with their unique approach to the subject and reverent attitude towards the feelings of people, to native nature. In the 19th century, portrait compositions with an amazing combination were often painted emotional image and an epically calm motive.
The paintings of Russian artists are magnificent in skill and truly beautiful in perception, amazingly accurately reflecting the breath of their time, the unique character of the people and their desire for beauty.
Canvases of Russian painters who are the most popular: Alexander Ivanov - bright representative picturesque biblical direction, telling us in colors about episodes of the life of Jesus Christ.
Karl Bryullov - a painter popular in his time, his direction history painting, portrait themes, romantic works.
Marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky, his paintings perfectly and one might say simply unsurpassedly reflect the beauty of the sea with transparent rolling waves, sea sunsets and sailboats.
The works stand out for their distinctive versatility famous Ilya Repin, who created genre and monumental works, reflecting the life of the people.
Very picturesque and large-scale paintings by the artist Vasily Surikov, the description of Russian history is his direction, in which the artist emphasized the episodes in colors life path Russian people.
Each artist is unique, for example unique in his own style painter fairy tales and epics by Viktor Vasnetsov are always rich and bright, romantic paintings, the heroes of which are all of us famous heroes folk tales.
Each artist is unique, for example, the painterly master of fairy tales and epics, Viktor Vasnetsov, unique in his style - these are always rich and bright, romantic canvases, the heroes of which are the heroes of folk tales known to us all. The artist Vasily Surikov’s paintings are very picturesque and large-scale, the description of Russian history is his direction, in which the artist emphasized in paint the episodes of the life path of the Russian people.
In Russian painting of the 19th century, such a trend as critical realism, emphasizing ridicule, satire and humor in the plots. Of course, this was a new trend, not every artist could afford it. Such artists as Pavel Fedotov and Vasily Perov decided in this direction
Landscape artists of that time also occupied their niche, among them Isaac Levitan, Alexey Savrasov, Arkhip Kuindzhi, Vasily Polenov, the young artist Fyodor Vasiliev, a picturesque master of the forest, forest glades with pine trees and birch trees with mushrooms, Ivan Shishkin. All of them colorfully and romantically reflected the beauty of Russian nature, the variety of forms and images of which is associated with the colossal potential of the surrounding world.
According to Levitan, in every note of Russian nature there is a unique colorful palette, hence the enormous freedom for creativity. Perhaps this is the mystery that the canvases created in the vast expanses of Russia stand out with a certain refined severity, but, at the same time, attract with an understated beauty, from which it is difficult to look away. Or Levitan’s painting Dandelions, which is not at all intricate and rather not flashy, seems to encourage the viewer to think and see the beauty in the simple.
Branitskaya, born Engelhardt, Alexandra Vasilievna (1754-1838) - niece and mistress of Grigory Potemkin, wife of the Crown Hetman of Poland Xavier Branicki. Artist I. Grassi, 1793
Kridener, born Lerchenfeld, Amalia Maximilianovna (1808-1888) - illegitimate daughter M. Lerchenfeld, German diplomat and statesman, Bavarian envoy to Russia and Princess Therese of Thurn and Taxis, née Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Artist Karl Joseph Stieler, 1827
Pototskaya, Olga Stanislavovna, by her husband Naryshkina (1802-1861) - daughter of the Polish magnate Stanislav Szczesny Potocki and the famous adventuress Sofia Glyavone.
Artist N.S. Froste, 1830s
Tolstaya, nee Princess Baryatinskaya, Anna Ivanovna (1772-1825) - sister of the actual chamberlain of Prince I.I. Baryatinsky, wife of the marshal N.A. Tolstoy; close friend of Empress Elizabeth Alekseevna.
Portrait by E. Vigée-Lebrun, 1790s
Vorontsova, born. Senyavina, Ekaterina Alekseevna (1761-1784) - maid of honor, daughter of Admiral A.N. Senyavin; wife of the Ambassador in London, Count S.R. Vorontsov; mother of Field Marshal Count M.S. Vorontsov; sister of state lady M.A. Naryshkina.
Artist D.G.Levitsky, 1783
Divova, born Countess Buturlina, Elizaveta Petrovna (1762-1813) - maid of honor of Catherine II, niece of her friend Vorontsova-Dashkova, wife of Privy Councilor Adrian Divov.
Portrait by A. Graf, 1794
Zavadovskaya, born Apraksina, Vera Nikolaevna (1768-1845) - maid of honor, cavalry lady of the Order of St. Catherine of the Lesser Cross, one of the first beauties of her time; wife of Catherine II's favorite and the first Minister of Education of Russia, Count P.V. Zavadovsky.
Artist V.L. Borovikovsky, 1790s
Lopukhina, born. Baroness von Wenkstern, Anna (Jeanetta) Ivanovna (1786-1869) - famous beauty, in his first marriage Countess Alopeus; mother of Lieutenant General F.D. Alopeus.
Artist Friedrich Johann Gottlieb Lieder, 1821
Musina-Pushkina, born. Shernvall, Emilia Karlovna (1810-1846) - famous beauty (Lermontov's madrigal is dedicated to her), acquaintance of A.S. Pushkin, sister of the famous Aurora Demidova.
Artist Gau V.I., 1840
Naryshkina, by Golitsina’s husband, Elena Alexandrovna (1785-1855), in her first marriage, the Most Serene Princess of Italy, Countess Suvorova-Rymnikskaya; - maid of honor; daughter of A.L. Naryshkin and Maria Senyavina, granddaughter of the famous admiral A.N. Senyavin, sister of L.A. and K.A. Naryshkin; daughter-in-law of Generalissimo A.V. Suvorov, cousin of Count M.S. Vorontsov.
Artist V.L. Borovikovsky, 1799
Orlova-Chesmenskaya, born. Lopukhina, Evdokia Nikolaevna (1761-1786) - wife of Count Alexei Grigorievich Orlov, mother of the maid of honor Anna Alekseevna Orlova.
Artist Jean-Louis de Velli, c.1780s
Orlova, born Zinovieva, Ekaterina Nikolaevna (1758-1781) - cousin and wife of the former favorite of Catherine II, Prince Grigory Orlov.
Artist Rokotov, Fedor Stepanovich
Orlova-Chesmenskaya, Anna Alekseevna (1785-1848) - maid of honor, only daughter of Alexei Orlov, an associate of Empress Catherine II, and heir to his multimillion-dollar fortune.
Portrait by I.V. Bazhenov, 1838
Protasova, Anna Stepanovna (1745-1826) - trusted lady-in-waiting of Catherine II.
Portrait by D. G. Levitsky, around 1790s
Pushkina-Dubelt, Natalya Alexandrovna, Countess Merenberg (1836-1913) - daughter of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, morganatic wife of Prince Nicholas-Wilhelm of Nassau.
Artist I.K. Makarov, 1849
Rostopchina, born. Protasova, Ekaterina Petrovna (1776-1859) - maid of honor, author of several works of spiritual content; wife of Moscow Governor-General F.V. Rostopchin and mother of the writer Countess de Segur.
Portrait by Orest Kiprensky, 1809
Stroganova, born Golitsyna, Sofya Vladimirovna (1775-1845) - maid of honor of four empresses, youngest daughter“mustachioed princess” N.P. Golitsyn, sister of Moscow Governor-General Prince D.V. Golitsyn and State Lady E.V. Apraksina; wife of General Count P.A. Stroganov. She was very friendly with Empress Elizaveta Alekseevna.
Artist Jean Laurent Monnier, 1808
Zubova, born Suvorova, Natalya Alexandrovna (1775-1844) - the only daughter of Field Marshal Suvorov, who affectionately called her “Suvorochka”. Married to Nikolai Zubov, brother of Catherine II's last favorite.
Artist V.L. Borovikovsky, 1795
Fikelmon, born Countess Tizenhausen, Daria Fedorovna (1804-1863) - granddaughter of Field Marshal Kutuzov, daughter of E.M. Khitrovo, wife of an Austrian diplomat and politician K.L. Fikelmona. She is known as the hostess of the St. Petersburg salon and the author of a detailed “secular diary”, in the entries of which Pushkinists are especially interested in fragments relating to Pushkin and his wife, and a detailed report on the duel and death of Pushkin.
Watercolor by P.F. Sokolov, 1837
Khitrovo, born Golenishcheva-Kutuzova, Elizaveta Mikhailovna (1783-1839), in her first marriage, Countess Tizengauzen, daughter of M.I. Kutuzov, friend of A.S. Pushkin. The owner of a famous St. Petersburg salon.
Portrait of P.F. Sokolov, 1838
Chernysheva, born. Rzhevskaya, Avdotya Ivanovna (1693-1747) - general’s wife, nicknamed “Avdotya Boy-Baba”, given to her by Peter I, one of Peter the Great’s mistresses, according to Vilboa, “her disorderly behavior had a harmful effect on Peter’s health”; mother of the Chernyshev brothers, prominent figures in the reign of Catherine II.
Unknown artist 18th century
Chernysheva, born. Islenyeva, Anna Aleksandrovna (1740-1794) - relative (maternal) of Prince G.A. Potemkin, wife of Field Marshal General in the Fleet, President of the Admiralty Collegium Count Ivan Grigorievich Chernyshev.
Artist S. Torelli, 1764
Chernysheva, nee Ushakova, Ekaterina Andreevna (1715-1779) - maid of honor, daughter of Count A.I. Ushakov; stepsister Field Marshal General S.F. Apraksin; wife of the diplomat Count P.G. Chernyshev; mother of Countess D.P. Saltykova and Princess N.P. Golitsyna.
Artist Alexander Roslin, 1776
Sheremeteva, Anna Petrovna (1744-1768) - maid of honor, daughter of P.B. Sheremetev; bride of the mentor of the Grand Duke N.I. Panin.
Artist I.P. Argunov, 1760s
Shuvalova, born Shepeleva, Mavra Egorovna (1708-1759) - Elizaveta Petrovna’s closest friend and state lady of her court, wife of Pyotr Ivanovich Shuvalov. It was her influence that the Shuvalov party owed its rise to.
Portrait by Antropov, late 1750s
Demidova-Karamzina, Aurora Karlovna (Eva Aurora Charlotte Schernval), 1808-1902, - public figure, maid of honor at the Imperial Court of Finland. Aurora Shernval and her sister Emilia (married Countess Musina-Pushkin) were considered one of the first St. Petersburg beauties.
Artist Bryullov K.P., 1837
Vorontsova, born. Countess Skavronskaya, Anna Karlovna (1722-1776) - wife of Chancellor Count M.I. Vorontsov, cousin of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, lady of state.
Artist A.P.Andropov, 1763
Vorontsova, Ekaterina Semyonovna, married Lady Pembroke, (1783-1856) - maid of honor, daughter of Count S.R. Vorontsov, sister of Count M.S. Vorontsov, wife of Count Pembroke George Herbert.
Artist Henry Raeburn, 1810s
Ganskaya Ewelina (Polish: Ewelina Hańska), née Countess Rzhewuska (1801-1882) - Polish landowner and Russian subject, wife of Honore de Balzac.
Artist Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller, 1835
Pototskaya, born Glyavone, Sofia Konstantinovna, in her first marriage Witt, in her second - Pototskaya (1760-1822) - courtesan of Constantinople Greek origin, according to one legend, she was the Sultan’s concubine, the concubine of many celebrities, a spy and adventuress, she managed to become a Polish aristocrat (titled countess).
Artist I.B. Lampi, 1790s
Samoilova, born. Trubetskaya, Ekaterina Sergeevna, (1763-1830) - maid of honor, wife of Prosecutor General A.N. Samoilov, sister of Prince V.S. Trubetskoy and Baroness A.S. Stroganova, mother of N.A. Samoilov and Countess S.A. Bobrinskaya, mother-in-law of Yu.P. Samoilova.
Artist I-B Lampi, 1792-1796
Andro, born Olenina, Anna Alekseevna (1808-1888) - daughter of the president St. Petersburg Academy Arts, Alexey Olenin. Pushkin's beloved in 1828−29. Musician and singer. Author of hitherto unpublished diaries and memoirs about Pushkin. Wife of the Vice-President of Warsaw, Count F.A. Langeron.
Portrait by O. Kiprensky, 1828
Samoilova, Yulia Pavlovna (1803-1875) - countess, daughter of General Palen and Maria Skavronskaya, maid of honor, famous for her relationship with the artist Karl Bryullov.
Artist B.Sh. Mituar, 1825
Vorontsova, born. Branitskaya, Elizata Ksaverevna (1792-1880) - Your Serene Highness Princess, state lady, honorary trustee in the management of women's educational institutions, maid of honor, cavalry lady of the Order of St. Catherine; recipient of many poems by A.S. Pushkin; wife of Novorossiysk Governor-General M.S. Vorontsov.
Artist Hayter George, 1839
Zavadovskaya, born Vlodek, Elena Mikhailovna (1807-1874) - daughter of a cavalry general, adjutant general M.F. Vlodek, wife of the chief prosecutor of the Senate V.P. Zavadovsky. One of the most brilliant high-society beauties of Pushkin’s time, memories and letters of that era never ceased to repeat about her exceptional beauty; friend of M.Yu. Lermontov; A.S. Pushkin, I.I. Kozlov, P.A. Vyazemsky dedicated poems to her.
Artist Chalon Alfred Edward, watercolor, 1838 Your youth shines with beauty, You are given to hearts to love, Light, captivating, like joy, And like thoughtfulness, tender.
In a beautiful face. snow-white And in scarlet roses on the cheeks - Everywhere everything breathes with a tender heart. It is in the blue eyes, It is in the smile on the lips; And, like a ruddy dawn, the brilliance of the sun in a fiery stream Throws life into the heavens, - So your beauty is illuminated by a pure angelic soul... I.I. Kozlov (E.M. Zavadovskoy)
Today we present to your attention twenty paintings that are worthy of attention and recognition. These paintings were painted famous artists, and they should be known not only by those who engage in art, but also by ordinary mortals, since art colors our lives, aesthetics deepens our view of the world. Give art its due place in your life...
1. “The Last Supper.” Leonardo Da Vinci, 1495 - 1498
Monumental painting by Leonardo da Vinci depicting the scene of Christ's last meal with his disciples. Created in 1495-1498 in the Dominican monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan.
The painting was commissioned by Leonardo from his patron, Duke Ludovico Sforza and his wife Beatrice d'Este. The lunettes above the painting, formed by a ceiling with three arches, are painted with the Sforza coat of arms. The painting began in 1495 and was completed in 1498; work proceeded intermittently. The date of the start of work is not certain, since "the archives of the monastery were destroyed, and the negligible part of the documents that we have dates back to 1497, when the painting was almost completed."
The painting became a milestone in the history of the Renaissance: the correctly reproduced depth of perspective changed the direction of the development of Western painting.
It is believed that many secrets and hints are hidden in this picture - for example, there is an assumption that the image of Jesus and Judas was copied from the same person. When Da Vinci painted the picture, in his vision Jesus personified good, while Judas was pure evil. And when the master found “his Judas” (a drunkard from the street), it turned out that, according to historians, this drunkard several years earlier served as a prototype for painting the image of Jesus. Thus, we can say that this picture captured a person at different periods of his life.
2. “Sunflowers”. Vincent Van Gogh, 1887
The title of two cycles of paintings by the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh. The first series was made in Paris in 1887. It is dedicated to lying flowers. The second series was completed a year later, in Arles. She depicts a bouquet of sunflowers in a vase. Two Parisian paintings purchased by van Gogh's friend Paul Gauguin.
The artist painted sunflowers eleven times. The first four paintings were created in Paris in August - September 1887. Large cut flowers lie like some strange creatures dying before our eyes.
3. “The Ninth Wave.” Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky?, 1850.
One of the most famous paintings by the Russian marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky is kept in the Russian Museum.
The painter depicts the sea after a severe night storm and shipwrecked people. The rays of the sun illuminate the huge waves. The largest of them - the ninth shaft - is ready to fall on people trying to escape on the wreckage of the mast.
Despite the fact that the ship is destroyed and only the mast remains, the people on the mast are alive and continue to fight the elements. The warm colors of the picture make the sea not so harsh and give the viewer hope that people will be saved.
Created in 1850, the painting “The Ninth Wave” immediately became the most famous of all his marinas and was acquired by Nicholas I.
4. “Makha naked.” Francisco Goya, 1797-1800
Painting by Spanish artist Francisco Goya, painted around 1797-1800. Pairs with the painting “Maja Dressed” (La maja vestida). The paintings depict Macha, a Spanish townswoman of the 18th-19th centuries, one of the artist’s favorite subjects. "Maha Nude" is one of early works Western art, depicting a completely naked woman without mythological or negative connotations.
5. “Flight of Lovers.” Marc Chagall, 1914-1918
Work on the painting “Above the City” began back in 1914, and finishing touches The master applied it only in 1918. During this time, Bella turned from a lover not only into an adored wife, but also the mother of their daughter Ida, forever becoming the painter’s main muse. The union of the rich daughter of a hereditary jeweler and a simple Jewish youth, whose father made a living by unloading herring, can only be called a misalliance, but love was stronger and overcame all conventions. It was this love that inspired them, lifting them to heaven.
Karina portrays Chagall’s two loves at once – Bella and Vitebsk, dear to her heart. The streets are presented in the form of houses separated by a high dark fence. The viewer will not immediately notice a goat grazing to the left of the center of the picture, and a simple man with his pants down in the foreground - humor from the painter, breaking out of the general context and romantic mood of the work, but this is all Chagall...
6. “The Face of War.” Salvador Dali, 1940.
Painting by Spanish artist Salvador Dali, painted in 1940.
The painting was created on the way to the USA. Impressed by the tragedy unfolding in the world and the bloodthirstiness of politicians, the master begins work on the ship. Located in the Boijmans-van Beuningen Museum in Rotterdam.
Having lost all hope for normal life in Europe, an artist from his beloved Paris leaves for America. War covers the Old World and seeks to take over the rest of the world. The master does not yet know that his stay in the New World for eight years will make him truly famous, and his works will become masterpieces of world painting.
7. "Scream" Edvard Munch, 1893
“The Scream” (Norwegian Skrik) is a series of paintings by Norwegian expressionist artist Edvard Munch created between 1893 and 1910. They depict a woman screaming in despair human figure against a blood-red sky and an extremely generalized landscape background. In 1895, Munch created a lithograph on the same subject.
The red, fiery hot sky covered the cold fjord, which, in turn, gives birth to a fantastic shadow, similar to a certain sea monster. Tension has distorted space, lines are broken, colors are inconsistent, perspective is destroyed.
Many critics believe that the plot of the picture is the fruit of the sick imagination of a mentally ill person. Some people see a premonition in the work environmental disaster, someone is deciding which mummy inspired the author for this work.
8. “The Girl with a Pearl Earring.” Jan Vermeer, 1665
The painting “Girl with a Pearl Earring” (Netherlands: “Het meisje met de parel”) was painted around 1665. IN given time stored in the Mauritshuis Museum, The Hague, the Netherlands, and is business card museum. The painting, nicknamed the Dutch Mona Lisa, or Mona Lisa of the North, is painted in the Tronie genre.
Thanks to Peter Webber's 2003 film "The Girl with a Pearl Earring", great amount people far from painting learned about the wonderful Dutch artist Jan Vermeer, as well as about him famous painting"Girl with a pearl earring."
9. "Tower of Babel." Pieter Bruegel, 1563
Famous painting by artist Pieter Bruegel. The artist created at least two paintings based on this subject.
The painting is located in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.
There is a story in the Bible about how the inhabitants of Babylon tried to build high tower to get to heaven, but God made them speak in various languages, stopped understanding each other, and the tower remained unfinished.
10. "Algerian women." Pablo Picasso, 1955
“Women of Algeria” is a series of 15 paintings created by Picasso in 1954–1955 based on the paintings of Eugene Delacroix; the paintings are distinguished by the letters assigned by the artist from A to O. “Version O” was painted on February 14, 1955; for some time it belonged to the famous American art collector of the 20th century, Victor Ganz.
Pablo Picasso's painting "Women of Algeria (Version O)" sold for $180 million.
11. "New Planet". Konstantin Yuon, 1921
Russian Soviet painter, master of landscape, theater artist, art theorist. Academician of the USSR Academy of Arts. People's Artist THE USSR. Winner of the Stalin Prize, first degree. Member of the All-Union Communist Party since 1951.
This is an amazing painting, created in 1921 and not at all typical of the realist artist Yuon, “ New planet” is one of the brightest works that embodied the image of the changes that became in the second decade of the 20th century October Revolution. New system, new way And new image thinking just born Soviet society. What awaits humanity now? Bright future? They didn’t think about it then, but the fact that Soviet Russia and the whole world was entering an era of change was obvious, as was the rapid birth of a new planet.
12. “Sistine Madonna.” Raphael Santi, 1754
A painting by Raphael, which has been in the Old Masters Gallery in Dresden since 1754. It belongs to the generally recognized peaks of the High Renaissance.
The painting, huge in size (265 × 196 cm, as the size of the painting is indicated in the Dresden Gallery catalog), was created by Raphael for the altar of the church of the monastery of St. Sixtus in Piacenza, commissioned by Pope Julius II. There is a hypothesis that the painting was painted in 1512-1513 in honor of the victory over the French who invaded Lombardy during the Italian Wars, and the subsequent inclusion of Piacenza into the Papal States.
13. “Repentant Mary Magdalene.” Titian (Tiziano Vecellio), painted around 1565
Painting painted around 1565 Italian artist Titian Vecellio. Belongs State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. Sometimes the date of creation is given as "1560s".
The model for the painting was Julia Festina, who amazed the artist with her shock of golden hair. The finished canvas greatly impressed the Duke of Gonzaga, and he decided to order a copy of it. Later, Titian, changing the background and posing of the woman, wrote a couple more similar works.
14. "Mona Lisa". Leonardo Da Vinci, 1503-1505
Portrait of Mrs. Lisa del Giocondo, (Italian. Ritratto di Monna Lisa del Giocondo) - a painting by Leonardo da Vinci, located in the Louvre (Paris, France), one of the most famous works of painting in the world, which is believed to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of the Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo, painted around 1503-1505 .
According to one of the put forward versions, “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of the artist.
15. “Morning in a pine forest”, Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich, 1889.
Painting by Russian artists Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky. Savitsky painted bears, but the collector Pavel Tretyakov erased his signature, so that the author of the painting is often indicated alone.
The idea for the painting was suggested to Shishkin by Savitsky, who later acted as a co-author and depicted the figures of the bear cubs. These bears, with some differences in poses and numbers (at first there were two of them), appear in the preparatory drawings and sketches. Savitsky turned out the animals so well that he even signed the painting together with Shishkin.
16. “We didn’t expect it.” Ilya Repin, 1884-1888
Painting by Russian artist Ilya Repin (1844-1930), painted in 1884-1888. It is part of the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery.
The painting, shown at the XII traveling exhibition, is part of a narrative cycle dedicated to the fate of the Russian revolutionary populist.
17. “Bal at the Moulin de la Galette”, Pierre Auguste Renoir, 1876.
The picture painted French artist Pierre Auguste Renoir in 1876.
The place where the painting is located is the Musée d’Orsay. Moulin de la Galette is an inexpensive tavern in Montmartre, where students and working youth of Paris gathered.
18. “Starry Night.” Vincent Van Gogh, 1889.
De sterrennacht- a painting by the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh, painted in June 1889, with a view of the pre-dawn sky over a fictional town from the eastern window of the artist’s home in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. Since 1941 it has been kept in the Museum contemporary art in NYC. Considered one of the best works Van Gogh and one of the most significant works of Western painting.
19. “The Creation of Adam.” Michelangelo, 1511.
Fresco by Michelangelo, painted around 1511. The fresco is the fourth of nine central compositions ceiling Sistine Chapel.
“The Creation of Adam” is one of the most outstanding compositions of the Sistine Chapel painting. God the Father flies in infinite space, surrounded by wingless angels, with a flowing white tunic. Right hand stretched out towards Adam's hand and almost touches it. Adam's body lying on the green rock gradually begins to move and awakens to life. The entire composition is concentrated on the gesture of two hands. The hand of God gives an impulse, and the hand of Adam receives it, giving it to the whole body vital energy. By the fact that their hands do not touch, Michelangelo emphasized the impossibility of connecting the divine and the human. In the image of God, according to the artist’s plan, it is not the miraculous principle that prevails, but gigantic creative energy. In the image of Adam, Michelangelo celebrates strength and beauty human body. In fact, what appears before us is not the creation of man itself, but the moment at which he receives a soul, a passionate search for the divine, a thirst for knowledge.
20. “Kiss in the starry sky.” Gustav Klimt, 1905-1907
Painting Austrian artist Gustav Klimt, painted in 1907-1908. The canvas belongs to the period of Klimt’s work, called “golden”, last piece the author in his “golden period”.
On a rock, on the edge of a flower meadow, in a golden aura, lovers stand completely immersed in each other, fenced off from the whole world. Due to the uncertainty of the place of what is happening, it seems that the couple depicted in the picture is moving into a cosmic state that is not subject to time and space, on the other side of all historical and social stereotypes and cataclysms. Complete solitude and the man's face turned back only emphasize the impression of isolation and detachment in relation to the observer.
Source – Wikipedia, muzei-mira.com, say-hi.me