The main directions of modern Western art. Presentation "Modern art" presentation for a lesson in fine arts (fine art) on the topic Presentation on the topic temporary art
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Contemporary art Main directions Representatives Works Teacher GBOU secondary school No. 339 Nevsky district of St. Petersburg Goncharova Marina Nikolaevna
A Brief History of Contemporary Art Contemporary art (English contemporary art, sometimes the definition of contemporary art is used as a synonym) is art created in the recent past and at the present time. Over time, once modern art becomes part of history. At this point in time, contemporary art is considered to be works created between the 1970s and the present day. In Russia in the 90s, the term “contemporary art” was also used, which is in many ways similar, but not identical in meaning to the term “contemporary art”. By contemporary art, participants in the artistic process in Russia meant innovative contemporary art (in terms of ideas and/or technical means).
A brief history of modern art The history of the development of new art directions of the twentieth century can be divided into two large stages: modernism (modern art) - art from the era of impressionism (starting around 1880) to the 1960-1970s and modern art - from the 70s x of the last century to the present. Contemporary art in its current form was formed at the turn of the 1960s-70s, when the terms “postmodern” and “postmodernism” were born. At this time, conceptual art and minimalism actively developed. The main themes were feminism, as well as the activism of ethnic and social minorities.
A Brief History of Contemporary Art In the early 1980s, interest in representation, color and figurativeness began to grow again. By the middle of the century, campism, East Village art, and neo-pop flourished. The same period saw the flowering of photography in art. In the late 90s, audio and video technologies appeared, which also affected the art process. New technical means for artistic practices have appeared. A number of artists of the 2000s return to modernism, wanting to adapt it to the 21st century. Beyond the era of modernism, artistic movements have lost clear boundaries, and it is becoming more and more difficult to classify movements. This is one of the features of art of the last 30 years. Another feature is its social orientation, much more pronounced than in all previous eras.
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Postmodernism Postmodernism is an aesthetic revolution that occurred in Europe in the 60-70s. Its main characteristic feature is eclecticism (a combination of various elements - East, West, Africa, European culture). Postmodernism is based on concrete experience, always taking into account that the results of personal experience can be subjective and erroneous. ANSELM KIEFER Artist's Studio GEORG BASELIZ Spekulatius
Currents and directions in the art of modern times Hyperrealism Hyperrealism is a movement in painting and sculpture that arose in the USA and became an event in world fine art in the 70s of the 20th century. The goal of hyperrealists is to depict the world not just authentically, but super-similarly, super-real. Nigel Cox P. Campos
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Ugly realism Ugly realism is a direction in painting that combines clear outlining and drawing with images that were considered ugly. These images were conveyed with frightening photographic clarity in order to highlight the disgusting cruelty and ugliness of the modern world. ULRICH BAEHR Vater Hindenburg PETER SORGE Häute
Currents and Directions in Modern Art Yunnan School In the last 10-20 years, contemporary Chinese artists from the southern province of Yunnan have become widely known, mainly for their artistic prints. In their paintings, elegant lines and rich colors intertwine to create fantastic images. Shi Yi Winter Moon Hao Ping Moonlight in the forest
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Neoconceptualism Neoconceptualism is a movement that represents the modern stage of development of conceptualism of the 60-70s. In conceptualism, the skill of the artist does not matter much. It is secondary. Artists work exclusively on their ideas and images for a specific project. M. Duchamp LHOOQ R. Prince series “Canal Zone”
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Neo-expressionism Neo-expressionism is a movement in modern painting that emerged in the late 1970s. Neo-expressionists returned to imagery, figurativeness, a lively and emotional manner, and bright saturated colors. David Salle Girl Reading F. Clemente Name
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Bad painting Bad painting is a style of rough and figurative painting. “Bad” artists criticize painting from within. They criticize both the canons of traditionalism and dogmatic rules, and the ideas of the avant-garde. Rene Magritte Song of Love N. Jenny Friend
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age New figurative painting. Artists of this movement depicted everyday objects in isolation from their backgrounds or surroundings in a simplified pictorial style, often using caricatured imagery. Pat Steir Sunspots II S. Rotenberg Untitled (2)
Movements and Directions in Modern Art Nuovi Nuov Nuovi-Nuovi focuses on theoretical and formal elements borrowed from the past and is based on the concept of "miscellaneous repetition" or reworking, which can be carried out in various ways. Enzo Esposito Untitled Luigi Mainolfi Untitled
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Pop art Pop art is a movement in painting that spread to the USA and England in the 1950s. The use and processing of images of mass culture is characteristic. Marked the abandonment of abstractionism and the transition to the concepts of new avant-gardeism. Artists showed a new mechanized world, presenting things as something beautiful. I am E. Warhol Silver Liz E. Warhol Portrait of Marilyn Monroe
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Superflat “Superflat” is a term coined by the contemporary Japanese artist Takashi Murakami. The term was created to explain the new visual language of 2D form, akin to the flat visual language of modern animation and comics. This is the most advanced art form at the moment. Still from the anime film “My Neighbor Totoro” Sculpture of a character from the anime series “One piece”
Currents and directions in the art of the New Age Graffiti Graffiti can include any type of street wall painting: from simple written words to exquisite drawings. It is believed that graffiti is closely related to hip-hop culture. Graffiti today is one of the most relevant forms of artistic expression. Banksy Buy 'til you drop Author unknown
“Impressionism” - C. Debussy, like impressionist artists, apply strokes with one paint or another. Famous impressionist artists: Purpose of the lesson: The world of art is beautiful and amazing! “Kek-walk” 1. What “whale” does it sound like? 2. What is the mood of the music? "Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum." Expand the concept and features of impressionism as an artistic style and consider the features of the manifestation of impressionism in music and painting.
"Dutch Painting" - Return of the Prodigal Son. George" (1616), painted in warm colors with characteristic heavy, dense strokes. V.Delftsky. Mistress and maid. Topic: Realistic painting of Holland. Rembrandt is a master of his own self-portrait. Own portraits of different ages. Plan: Dictionary!!! Frans Hals (Dutch)
“Artists of the 20th century” - Cubism. Music lessons. Matisse's Fauvism. Surrealism by Salvador Lali. Blue and period: . The Persistence of Memory. “pink period” with images from the more lively world of theater and circus. Compiled by: Turaeva Svetlana Yurievna. Woman in a hat. Bather. Light and dark monochrome colors seem to convey the feeling of flashes of fire.
“Impressionism in Art” - Degas. Boulevard Montmartre. Wonderful source. Impression. Flutist. Harbor. Lesson. (1830 - 1903). (1862 – 1918). Absinthe. Edgar. (1853 - 1890). Tahitian pastorals. (1848 - 1903). Bar in the Folies Bergere. Kiss. Van Gogh. Girls in black. Paul. Sails in Argenteuil. Vincent. Style directions of artistic culture in Western Europe of the 19th century.
“Culture XX XXI” - Culture in the second half of the XX - early XXI century. Rudolph Valentino. "Arrival of the train at La Ciotat station." Philosopher José Ortega y Gasset Formulated an approach to structuring based on creative potential. "Big Parade" Famous silent films: The first live-action color film “Grunya Kornakova.”
“Impressionism in painting” - “Camilla in a Japanese kimono.” Technique. Afternoon, sunny." He is one of the founders of impressionism. "Beach at Pourville." Great Impressionists. Appearance. Famous paintings. "Dance in Bougival." French painter, graphic artist and sculptor. "Breakfast on the grass." Impressionism. "White Peonies". Auguste Renoir, "The Paddling Pool".
There are a total of 34 presentations in the topic
History of modern art Contemporary art was formed at the turn of the 20s. The artistic quest of that time can be characterized as a search for alternatives to modernism. This was expressed in the search for new images, new means and materials of expression, up to the dematerialization of the object (performances and happenings). Many artists followed the French philosophers who proposed the term "postmodernism". It can be said that there has been a shift from object to process. modernism
Performance is a form of contemporary art in which the work is composed of the actions of an artist or group in a specific place and time. Nude performance for the opening of the Munich Opera Festival nude for the opening of the Munich Opera Festival
Performance can include any situation that includes four basic elements: time, place, the artist’s body and the relationship between the artist and the viewer. This is the difference between performance and such forms of fine art as painting or sculpture, where the work is constituted by the exhibited object. time of the viewer of fine art painting sculpture Performance by Joseph Beuys, 1978 Joseph Beuys 1978
Types of installations An installation can be characterized as a valuable symbolic decoration created at a certain time under a certain name. It is important that the viewer does not contemplate the installation from the outside, like a painting, but finds himself inside it. Some installations are close to sculpture, but differ from the latter in that they are not sculpted, but assembled from dissimilar materials, often of industrial origin.
Forest of multi-colored lace. Installation Pop-Up Paradises Kilograms and kilometers of multi-colored lace hanging from the ceiling of the Faena Arts Center gallery in Buenos Aires is an original art project by Argentine designer Manuel Ameztoy, who thus depicted natural landscapes and plant motifs that actually exist in province of Entre Rios, where he was born and spent his childhood. The textile installation is called Pop-Up Paradises, and this name clearly demonstrates how attached the author is to his homeland and appreciates the beauty of the Argentinean nature.
Watershed Wall installation in Toronto, dedicated to the power of water Watershed Wall installation in Toronto, dedicated to the power of water Many large cities are built next to a large and stable source of water. Some, next to several at once. So Toronto is not experiencing any shortage of liquid in its taps and pipes. However, many of the water sources that this city uses are no longer visible; they are hidden. The Watershed Wall installation is dedicated to the real water map of Toronto.
Installation Camera Flowers. Flowerbeds where cameras bloom Installation Camera Flowers. Flowerbeds where cameras bloom The dream of a photographer is to come to a forest, a garden or a city park, a vegetable garden or a field, and collect there a rich harvest of lenses, cameras and flashes for every taste, color and size. In some ways, this idea was brought to life by the Brazilian artist Andre Feliciano in his colorful installation Camera Flowers, presented in the greenhouse of the New York photo village Photoville.
House-library from Miler Lagos - installation. Of course, in the original, the igloo is built from snow or ice blocks-bricks, but that’s what they’re rich in, as they say. The book igloo, neatly stacked with bricks in the shape of novels, fairy tales, reference books, encyclopedias, textbooks and plays, is part of an exhibition at the MagnanMetz Gallery called Home.
Plastic fish – an environmental installation for the G20 summit Plastic fish – an environmental installation for the G20 summit It’s no secret that the amount of garbage in the oceans of our planet is growing at such a pace that this growth is already the biggest environmental problem on Earth. And artists from all over the world are trying to draw attention to this disgrace. For example, Angela Pozzi, who organized an entire exhibition of her own sculptures made from plastic, which she found on the ocean shore near her home. sculptures made from plastic
Art that borders on magic, a reality that can easily be mistaken for a mirage, an illusion, an optical illusion - this is the effect that the masterpieces of artist Cornelia Konrads have on the unprepared and inexperienced viewer. Her installations decorate city parks and squares in Germany and every time surprise passers-by, not only visitors, but also locals.
3D Hanging Stone Installation Sculptures 3D Hanging Stone Installation Sculptures Jaehyo Lee's work captures the beauty of the original elements in a new stylized form. He makes ordinary stones, picked up on the pavement, float in the air, turning into airy, almost weightless stone sculptures. The Korean author probably possesses some kind of special magic, capable of controlling nature and forcing organic materials to play completely different roles, without, however, losing his face. So, in his works, stone always remains stone, wood - wood, sand - sand...
Installations “floating” in the air by Bak Song Chi Figures and images suspended in the air are a special type of modern sculpture, which art critics from time to time call an installation, because they cannot decide what is correct.
Creative dinner among trees and birds Art installation - happening. At a dinner party for VIPs, held as part of the art fair in Art Brussels, Belgian designer Charles Kaisin presented a three-meter oak table “Fantasies of Charles”, in the surface of which trees “sprouted”.
Happening is a theatrical performance with elements of improvisation, designed to involve the public in the performance itself and pursuing commercial goals. The main task of such a happening is to add variety to ordinary public relations procedures. A presentation or press conference takes on elements of a happening. Moreover, they can be completely transformed into a happening, or the happening can become part of them. The use of happenings as a method can be extremely broad, but the goal will always be the same - to stand out so that the target audience remembers the event. Presentation - press conference
Collage is a technical technique in the fine arts, which consists in creating works of art by gluing onto any base materials that differ from the base in color and texture. Collage was introduced into art as a formal experiment by the Cubists, Futurists and Dadaists. At that stage, scraps of newspapers, photographs, and wallpaper were used for visual purposes. Pieces of fabric, wood chips, etc. were glued onto canvas by cubists, futurists, and dadaists.
Dogs made from paper waste. Original collages by Peter Clark (Peter Clark) Dogs made from paper waste. Original collages by Peter Clark. Doesn't bark, doesn't bite, called a dog. No, this is not the same symbol that is present in every address. These are amazing, original paper collages created by the talented author Peter Clark from a variety of waste paper found literally underfoot.
Currency collages from Rodrigo Torres Currency collages from Rodrigo Torres Different artists “mock” banknotes in different ways. For example, Hans-Peter Feldmann makes wallpaper from them, Scott Campbell cuts them, and Craig Sonnenfeld folds origami figures from banknotes. But Rodrigo Torres turns the currencies of different countries of the world into collages. Hans-Peter Feldmann makes wallpaper out of them, Scott Campbell - cuts into them, Craig Sonnenfeld folds origami figures out of banknotes
Awakening. Coffee painting by Arkady Kim, presented in Gorky Park Since many people already strongly associate coffee with the morning and the need to wake up, this is exactly what the Moscow artist Arkady Kim called his huge painting of coffee beans - Awakening - a monumental work with an area of 30 sq.m. was presented to the public in Moscow.
Modern painting - body art. Beginning in the 1960s, body painting began to develop in the West, as part of a change in public morality towards greater freedoms. Revived in the West, body painting is mistakenly considered a young art. Famous artists have used body art for their exhibitions and performances. Gradually, body art began to be used for commercial purposes - for promotions, advertising. public morality and freedom.
Body art (eng. body art “body art”) is one of the forms of avant-garde art, where the main object of creativity is the human body. The movement arose at the early stage of the avant-garde, but became especially widespread in the period of postmodernism, which resorted to it as an element of installations and performance. avant-garde postmodernism installations performance
World-famous brands in tattoos on human bodies World-famous brands in tattoos on human bodies Time passes, and unnoticed favorite brands enter our lives so tightly that we can no longer “cheat” on them with other brands. This is evidenced by the works of the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi Lovemarks, demonstrating tattoos of famous “lovemarks”.
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Expressionism (from Latin expressio, “expression”) is a movement in European art that developed in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, characterized by a tendency to express the emotional characteristics of an image(s) (usually a person or group of people) or the emotional state of the artist himself . Edvard Munch. Scream
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Primitive zm is a style of painting that included a deliberate simplification of the picture, making its forms primitive, like the creativity of a child or the drawings of primitive times. Niko Pirosmani. Margarita
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Fauvism (from the French fauve - wild) is a direction in French painting. The artistic style of the Fauves was characterized by the spontaneous dynamism of the brushstroke, the desire for the emotional power of artistic expression, bright color, piercing purity and sharp contrasts of color, the intensity of open local color, and the sharpness of rhythm. Henri Matisse. Still life
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Cubi zm (fr. Cubisme) is a movement in the visual arts characterized by the use of emphatically geometrized conventional forms, the desire to “split” real objects into stereometric primitives. L. Popova. Portrait of a Philosopher
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Supremati zm (from Latin supremus - highest) is a direction in art, expressed in combinations of multi-colored planes of the simplest geometric shapes devoid of pictorial meaning (in the geometric forms of a straight line, square, circle and rectangle). Kazimir Malevich. Composition
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Abstractionism (lat. abstractio - removal, distraction) is a direction of art that abandoned the depiction of forms close to reality in painting and sculpture. One of the goals of abstract art is to achieve “harmonization,” the creation of certain color combinations and geometric shapes in order to evoke various associations in the beholder. Wassily Kandinsky. Vague
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Surrealism (French surréalisme - super-realism) is a direction in art, the distinctive feature of which is the depiction of the irrational world; recognizable objects are present in the paintings, but they look strange or in an unusual composition. Salvador Dali. Temptation of Saint Anthony
1.Modernism ( French modernisme, from moderne - the latest, modern) - the main direction of Western art of the 19th-20th centuries. In the theory of modernism reflection of reality is considered an outdated principle , giving way to its denial. In practice this is expressed in disappearance of fine art , replaceable system of signs , as free as possible from visual associations and determined by the artist himself. In poetry the word loses its meaning , acquiring new value as a factor of physical - acoustic - influence, in music the specificity of sound is destroyed, and atonal harmonies and various household noises , such basic concepts of musical aesthetics as melody, harmony, timbre, rhythm, etc. are transformed.
2. Abstract art- direction in the art of the 20th century, refusing to depict real objects and phenomena, manifested itself in painting, sculpture and graphics. The very term “abstractionism” indicates the alienation of this art from reality. Abstractionism formulated its positions in the 1910s as an anarchic challenge to public tastes; in the late 40s - early 60s, this direction belonged to the most widespread phenomena of Western culture.
In abstract art there are two main directions: psychological (e is considered the founder V. Kandinsky , who in his works managed to convey the lyricism and musicality of his intuitive insights. Here the main means of expressiveness are not the shape of the object and the features of space, but coloristic features of the latter) and geometric (or intellectual, logical). Its founder is the Dutch artist P. Mondrian, representing in their painting the relationships of planes painted in different ways.
Some movements of abstract art, following the line of development of this direction ( suprematism, neoplasticism), echoing the searches in architecture and the art industry, they created ordered structures from lines, geometric shapes and volumes, others (tachisme) - in line with the psychological trend - they sought to express the spontaneity, unconsciousness of creativity in the dynamics of spots or volumes. Talented representatives of abstract art (W. Kandinsky, K. Malevich, P. Mondrian, V. Tatlin) enriched the rhythmic dynamics of painting and enriched its palette, but solving global issues and existential problems that always face a person within the framework of abstractionism turned out to be impossible.
3. Surrealism. By the early 1920s, pre-war modernism had exhausted itself as a creative activity. In contrast to the modernism of the pre-war years, which suffered from its internal pain, new irrational movements - surrealism, Dadaism, expressionism - themselves strive to cause pain to people, instilling in them the idea that the whole world is fatally unhappy, incoherent and meaningless. Irrational tendencies arts were concentrated in surrealism, which arose as an artistic movement in European painting in 1925-26.
The most typical surrealist paintings were created by the Belgian R. Magritte and Catalan S. Dali. These paintings represent irrational combinations of purely objective fragments of reality, perceived in their natural form or paradoxically deformed. The feeling of whimsicality and surprise of the phenomena of this world gives rise in such art to the idea of its unknowability, about the absurdity of existence , which appears to the artist in frighteningly nightmare or amusingly phantasmagoric guises. The theoretical basis for the new movement in artistic culture belongs to the French poet and psychiatrist André Breton . Creativity had a huge influence on the development of surrealism Z. Freud and him psychoanalysis concept , where the psyche is interpreted as subordinate to unknowable, irrational, eternal forces located outside of consciousness. The deep foundation of the psyche, influencing the real, conscious life of a person, according to S. Freud, becomes unconscious . And, in his opinion, the unconscious appears most directly in dreams and art, and it is in them that the true path to understanding the “natural essence” of man is revealed.
By the turn of the 20-30s. surrealism penetrated into the painting of other European countries - England, Sweden, Czechoslovakia, in the 30s. reached Latin America, Australia, Japan, showing himself not only in painting, but also in sculpture.
4. Pop art. The name pop art (from the English popular art - public art) was introduced L. Eloway in 1965. The movement itself arose in the 50s of the 20th century. in the USA and England. Initially, the role of pop art was limited to the task replacement of abstract art , never accepted by the broad masses of the population, into art understandable to the broad masses. Pop art declared itself new realism , since it was widely used real household items and their copies, photographs, dummies . Pop art idealized the world of material things, which, through the organization of a certain context of their perception, was endowed with artistic and aesthetic status. In pop art, a thing is aestheticized as consumer item , and the product becomes materialized dream of the consumer .
Among the varieties of pop art there are op art , characterized by the widespread use of optical effects, color spots, e-art with moving structures and environmental art with objects surrounding the viewer. However, the varieties of pop art do not differ from each other in meaning. This style is similar to the style display of goods on display or advertising. Pop art is ideal for the “man of the crowd,” consumer-oriented, brought up on advertising and mass communication.
Topic XI. Culture in the era of globalization
Stages of globalization.
First of all, it should be noted that globalization is a process that did not begin in recent decades, but has been unfolding for at least the last century.
· The first stage of globalization was the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. This was a phase of active expansion of trade and investment on a global scale. The theorists of the first wave of globalization were R. Cobden, J. Bright, N. Angel, who substantiated the idea that the main foreign policy antagonists England and Germany, who were also the main economic partners, would not participate in military conflicts with each other. However, the First World War the war refuted these predictions, and globalization as a process was interrupted.
· Second wave of globalization unfolded in the 70s, after two world wars and the Great Depression. Its main prerequisites were the revolution in computer science and telecommunications.
· The current stage of globalization. The conditions for its deployment were:
1. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the system of countries of the socialist camp, which led to a violation of the global parity of power.
2. Unfolding the information revolution and, which led to the formation of electronic economies, electronic financial structures, electronic money, electronic governments.
3. Strengthening the role of TNCs in the world economy by the end of the 20th century. The most powerful of which today control more than 90% of direct foreign investment in Western countries and almost 100% of investment in the economies of Third World countries.
4. Contributes to globalization processes activities of a number of international organizations and institutions(among them - the IMF, the World Bank and the WTO), which must support the new economic order that emerged in the post-war period and prevent the redistribution of resources and markets between those who are part of the group of leading countries and those who seek to free themselves from economic and political dependencies, using mechanisms of accelerated modernization.
5. And finally, this became obvious by the 90s the collapse of the project of modernity and the ideology of the Enlightenment and its degeneration the basic principle of rationalism into progressivism and technology. This leads today to environmental disasters, the destruction of both the natural space and the cultural space.