Women in Mongolia. Great women of Mongolia

What do we know about modern Mongolia? The fact that the descendants of Genghis Khan live there and that Mongolia is one of the largest cashmere producers in the world. Fashion and art are developing in Ulaanbaatar at a fast pace, Mongolian models participate in world fashion shows, designers exhibit their collections abroad, fashion photographers shoot against the backdrop of picturesque landscapes, there are branches of the world's glossy magazines and Internet portals. At the same time, the people of Mongolia managed to find a balance between Eastern identity and European trends.

Professional model and photographer. As a child, no one could imagine that the angular Nora with a boyish body type could become a model, so she began her career relatively late - at the age of 20. Later she began to take part in shows in Milan, appeared on the cover of Dazed&Confused magazine, studied at the National University of Singapore and founded modeling agency Unique Models Management in Mongolia. Now Nora travels the world, films and participates in shows.

Publisher of the Mongolian version of the Internet portal Buro247.mn, former model, Young mom. She studied at the University of Oxford (UK) and George Mason University (USA), supports The Global Goals movement aimed at improving the climate and ending poverty and inequality. He is the founder of the MUNKHCHULUUN FOUNDATION, aimed at studying and supporting medicine.

It’s a pleasure to follow the fragile and tender Sodgerel on Instagram; she posts pictures from fashion shows around the world, participates in various projects and gives her smile to readers.

@bayarmaabayarkhuu

Bayarma, or BB, is a designer of the MONGOL brand and a famous it girl. In 2015, she presented a collection at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week New York, in which she showed the image of a modern nomad. Bayarma was born in Ulaanbaatar, lived in different corners Asia, America and Europe. A financier by profession, she worked in family business, and began to get involved in fashion in 2005. Her brand specializes in ready-to-wear clothing and wedding dresses.

Katya Zol

Katya Zol is the first Mongolian designer to present her collection at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week New York in 2014. The daughter of a Mongolian and a Russian, she is now a star of the first magnitude in her homeland. In her collections, Katya uses natural fabrics (felt, wool, cashmere, leather) and adapts national motifs to modern trends.

More than 10 million people in the world, mainly in China (6 million), Mongolia (3 million) and Russia (647.7 thousand), speak Mongolian languages. Mongol-speaking peoples are usually called Mongols. In Russia, the Mongolian peoples are represented by Buryats and Kalmyks. In Mongolia, 82 percent of the country's population are Khalkhas (Khalkha Mongols).

Most Mongols profess Tibetan Buddhism, and shamanism is also common. The Mongols are the creators of the largest continental state in human history - the Mongol Empire, which was founded by Genghis Khan. The total area of ​​the Mongol Empire at its height (1265-1361) was 38 million square kilometers. For comparison: the area of ​​Russia, the largest state of our time, is 17 million square kilometers. The Mongols gave the name Mongoloid race, to which more than a third of the world's population belongs.

This ranking presents the most beautiful famous Mongolian women of Mongolia and China according to the publication Top-Antropos.com. Russian Mongolians, namely Buryats and Kalmyks, are not included in the rating, since separate ratings on the site are dedicated to girls and women of these peoples.

About the spelling of Mongolian names in the ranking: Mongols first write the middle name, which is usually shortened to one initial letter, and then the name. For example, Chadraabalyn Sodtuyaa is usually written as Ch. Sodtuyaa, where Sodtuyaa is a name. The ranking uses the abbreviated spelling of Mongolian patronymics. The names in the ranking are written in Mongolian Cyrillic. Cyrillic was adopted as the official script in Mongolia in 1941. Also, the Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet is used by some of the Mongols of China.

22nd place. E.Nyamzhav- winner of the competition "Mongolian beauty (Mongolian saikhan busguy) 1989". Currently a businesswoman. In addition to his native Mongolian, he is fluent in English and Chinese.

21st place. D. Dolgion- "Miss Mongolia 2012". She represented the country at the Miss International 2012 competition.

20th place. N.Anu- "Miss Mongolia 2013". She represented the country at the Miss International 2013 competition.

19th place. A. Tumen-Olziy- Mongolian singer.

18th place. B. Nomin-Erdene - Mongolian model, represented Mongolia at international competitions"Asian Supermodel 2011" and Miss University 2013. Filmed for the Mongolian version of Playboy magazine.

17th place. Ө.Buyankhishig- Mongolian model. Winner of the international competition World bikini model 2011.

16th place. A. Tsevelmaa- finalist of the Miss World Mongolia 2014 competition.

15th place. Nora Dagwa- the most successful Mongolian model. Works in the USA. Instagram - https://instagram.com/noradagva/

14th place. J.Enerel- Mongolian model, represented Mongolia at the Miss and Model of competition the World 2013.

13th place. Tsetsengoo(in another spelling - Tsetsengua) is a Chinese actress. Ethnic Mongolian. Born in Guangzhou on January 19, 1950.

12th place. D. Badamtsetseg- "Miss Mongolia 2010". She represented the country at the Miss International 2010 competition, where she won in the Miss Active category.

11th place. Soyomboerdene Ariunbold- Mongolian model. It was not possible to find a variant of the spelling of her name in Mongolian, since the girl now lives in the USA and indicates her name in Latin on social networks. Facebook page - https://www.facebook.com/soyomboerdene

10th place. P. Purevsuren- Mongolian model. Filmed nude.

9th place. T. Battsetseg- Mongolian model, represented Mongolia at various international beauty contests: “Beauty of Buryatia-2010” (where she won in the “Miss Baikal” nomination), Asian Super Model 2010, “Miss Earth-2012”, “Miss Manchuria-2012”, Miss Tourism Queen International 2013 (where she won the Miss Bikini category), Miss World 2014.

8th place. I.Togsөө- "Miss Mongolia 2011". She became the most successful Mongolian at the Miss International competition, winning the title of second runner-up in 2011, which corresponds to third place. She also took second place in the Miss Friendship International 2009 pageant.

7th place. A.Bayartsetseg- Mongolian model. She represented Mongolia at the Miss International 2014 pageant.

6th place. Ch. Sodtuyaa- "Miss Mongolia 2004". She represented Mongolia at the Miss International 2004 competition, where she reached the semi-finals and won the Miss Photogenic category.

5th place. H. Badamgarel- "Miss Mongolia 2009". She represented the country at the Miss International 2009 competition.

4th place. Yu.Balzhidmaa- "Miss Mongolia 2014". Her height is 181 centimeters, weight is 56 kilograms, body measurements are 84-61-91.

3rd place. Sodgerel- Mongolian model. Instagram - https://instagram.com/sodgerel/

2nd place. Tsetsengua(in another spelling - Tsetsengoo) is a Chinese actress, who in China is called the youngest Setsengua, so as not to be confused with another actress named Setsengua (she is in 13th place in this rating). The youngest Setsengua was born in Inner Mongolia. She starred in 10 TV series and films.

The most beautiful Mongolian- model O.Ariunzul(born June 5, 1992). She represented Mongolia at the Miss Supermodel Asia 2011 competition (where she became second runner-up), as well as at Miss Model Of the World 2014 (where she won the Top Model category). She worked as a model in Russia. She took part in the Miss Russia International 2012 competition, where she took second place.

Certainly beautiful girls there are representatives of any nationality, but Mongolian women especially struck him after a couple of years of living in this country. And it's not just about external beauty.

I lived in Mongolia for two whole years. The fact that there is not only the steppe, but also high mountains, wide rivers, huge lakes and even the driest desert on the planet with dinosaurs - let guidebooks, Mongols and Google tell you this.

I'll tell you a little about Mongolians. Forever before entering the Country blue sky I had no experience of communicating with Asian girls at all (Kazakh classmates - well, they were good girls), so there were a lot of impressions.

Mongolian women are beautiful. Yes, yes, in the first two weeks it only seems to you that you cannot distinguish one from the other. Give yourself a little time to get used to it, take a closer look - and you will very clearly form the criteria “I would like to meet you” or “no, no, I’m married and have a lot of children.”

Moreover, if you watch, like all normal men, from behind, sooner or later you will have a discovery - they all have long hair. It's very short to the shoulders. Most likely, either to the waist, or even lower. And it looks really cool.

Mongolian women are attractive. It turned out that femininity is not measured by the shape of the eyes or the width of the cheekbones. Moreover, chemistry works in such a way that you will very soon stop paying attention to the fact that you are communicating with a representative of a completely different haplogroup.

Mongolians are educated. So, yes, in a country with a population that barely crossed the 3 million mark in 2015 (sort of), higher education- this is the lot of almost all girls. The Mongols told me that the guy is already with a head and muscles, he will somehow get out, but the girl is weak and must be smart.

Almost all young people speak not only Russian and English, but also Korean, Chinese, Japanese, many speak German, even French. There are a lot of tourists there all year round, so they have enough practice.

Mongolian women sing amazingly. The song is an integral part of life of every Mongolian. But you can’t sing in bed - it’s a bad omen. And so - karaoke, table songs, street chants, in decent cafes and restaurants there will definitely be decent performers. If you really find yourself in Ulaanbaatar, visit our church, church choir listen.

Mongolians are endlessly faithful. If I had watched the film “Mongol” by Bodrov before living there, I would not have understood half of it. But now I say seriously - this, of course, is a joke, how the heroine pays off with the Chinese, but in reality they are the same, these red-cheeked women. For your sake they are ready to do very, very much.

Just keep in mind: marry a Mongolian - you married the whole huge family. Respect for elders is boundless. At first it will even be unusual for you: if you are at least six months older, you are definitely “you”, not “you”. Even the drunk grandfather at the bus stop, who came up to you two and didn’t really loving foreigners- he is older, and she will communicate with him as with a father.

But they don’t know how to cook very well... The range of Mongolian dishes is quite harsh, and although they are tasty, special talents Don't expect it from a woman. This is how it is, nomadic life: eat what you give, and say thank you that there is food at all in this harsh land.

And finally Mongolian women really, really love their country, their language, their traditions. WITH high degree Chances are you will speak Mongolian much faster than you expected. Although this is unlikely to be useful to you somewhere outside of Mongolia (well, in Buryatia, maybe you can exchange a few words or in Kalmykia, although both the pronunciation and vocabulary are quite different).

In general, be friends, proletarians and cognetarians of all countries, and unite.

- American online publication, aggregator and blog that recently posted an article Augusta Thomson about life Mongolian women- the way she saw it after talking with the heroines of her essay in their homeland, Mongolia. This was a large-scale study, the result of which was a fairly objective picture of what is happening in the country today - in ordinary families, in relations between men and women, in society.

Augusta Thomson is a blogger with a BA in Archeology and Anthropology from Oxford University and is currently a Fulbright Scholar in Ladakh, India. ARD translated this material for its readers.

“My name is Nomin, I am forty-two years old...”. Nomin is the thirty-fifth woman our team interviewed on our five-week trip through the Gobi Desert. The trip was undertaken to investigate how women and girls use digital technologies.

When we enter her, she is sitting and preparing a noble cauldron of milk tea. She is a mother of three who splits her time between a summer camp outside Dalanzadgad, an aimag in the center of Omnogovi province, and an apartment in Ulaanbaatar where her children attend school in the winter. While she talks, her two daughters play games on their smartphones, pausing occasionally to listen to their mother.

Nomin is proud of his cultural heritage nomads. Although she went to college and lives in the comforts of the city during the winter, she is happiest when she works in rural areas, taking care of your livestock. In the summer her life is rich and productive.

In Mongolia, women are the main producers of material goods and caring nurses, especially among rural population. They also tend to be better educated and better off financially than men, although equality is shaped as an outcome in a predominantly patriarchal culture.

The women we interact with are hospitable and generous: we explore the Gobi landscape, listening to stories told under hot clouds of steaming milk tea. These stories remind us of the purpose of our trip because we believe in this combination of women and knowledge, and we know that Mongolia is a land of exceptionally strong women.

This strength is what I admired about our translator, her name is Gundegmaa. A few months earlier, when Lara, our Canadian employee, and I prepared our research project, we spoke with several potential female translators. As a result, we found Gundegmaa, or Gundiy, through the Canadian leadership. After an in-depth interview via Skype, we realized that it would be difficult to find another candidate with comparable English and offered her cooperation immediately.

Now I know how lucky we are to have Gundiy and her combination of intellect and wisdom to guide us. Every time we stop to interview women we meet, she laughs and clears the way for our conversations. She's moving on the language barrier, individually formulating our questions for each interviewee. Gundiy is more than a guide; she is a teacher. I think she understands so well many of the women and girls we meet because she, too, grew up in a small village three hundred kilometers from Ulaanbaatar, where she dreamed of her own, brighter future.

Under the caring guidance of her father, she worked hard, excelling other students, especially in the English class. In an effort to improve her English, she moved to Ulaanbaatar when she was sixteen and lived in two-room apartment with his two older sisters. Studying late into the night, I learned English vocabulary and grammar. By the age of eighteen, her hard work had paid off - she had won a multi-year Soros scholarship to study in English at the University of Montana.

Gundiy concentrated on seminars in political science and gender studies. Twelve months later she returned to Mongolia to do something for the women of her own country. She worked as a project leader at youth project, including fifteen aimags and 15,000 youths.

With the help of two prominent non-governmental organizations, Globe International and Mercy Corps, Gundiy spread digital technology in rural Mongolia by creating a 90-page user manual for social media like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Now she is going to push her technology further into the desert; and when Nomin points to his eldest daughter and tells us that she hopes to work in the field of nanotechnology, Gundy's eyes light up. They talk about it and exchange email addresses.

The more we travel, the more I see how women bring Mongolian society and family together. Women like Gundegmaa inspire other women to reach their potential. And I see that the profound effect of these positive activities is valuable not only for Mongols, but also for women all over the world. The Mongolian digital landscape is developing at an accelerated pace.

As one of the consequences of the recent boom in mobile technology, and especially smartphones, the breadth of information access is changing the nature of nomadic society and, perhaps, traditional values ​​and priorities.

Social media has taken Mongolia by storm. Although the Internet has yet to reach many areas of the Gobi Desert, this is likely to change in the next few years. Cell phones have already become the main means of communication for nomadic pastorals.

Nomads no longer visit each other to chat casually over tea about livestock - they call each other. With increased access to information comes increased need for information management. Since technology connects Mongols in various sectors of society, it is obvious that some education and training of youth will be required, according to strength and importance digital world. I don't think that only women like Gundegmaa should lead this progress.

After an hour in the Nomin yurt, it’s time to move on. I rush down and step over the threshold, towards the sun. Before I open the jeep door, I turn around to last time look inside the yurt.

Nomin's daughters still sit near the wall, playing on their smartphones. Gundegmaa understands my point: “I hope they study abroad and fulfill their dreams,” and adds: “I hope their inspiration will create the future of Mongolia.” I look at her and nod.

And Nomin stirs steaming tea in the cauldron...

All photos show modern Mongolian women.

IN historical monuments it is said that 17 of them lived in the Onon River basin. We want to talk about just a few of them

34 great khatuns will forever go down in the history of Mongolia. Historical monuments say that 17 of them lived in the Onon River basin. We want to talk about just a few of them.

Alangua- a historical figure of the 10th century, considered the ancestor of the Mongol rulers, a symbol of unity and peace between the Mongols. The first written mention of Alangua is contained in the “Secret Legend”, which says that she was the daughter of one of the leaders of the Khoritumats, a tribe that inhabited the northern regions around Lake Khubsugol at that time.

During the life of her husband, Alangua gave birth to two sons, Belgutei and Buguntai, after the death of Dobun - three more, Bugu-Khadaga, Bukhatu-Salzhi and Bodonchar. When her sons were growing up, the khatun gave instructions to avoid quarrels between them. To do this, she gave each of her sons one arrow and ordered them to break it. Then, having collected five shafts, she again gave her sons to break them. Since the sons could not do this, Alangua told them, “You were all born from a single mother’s womb. If you act and act every man for himself, you will easily be broken like those arrows. If you are unanimous like bundles of arrows tied together, you cannot become someone’s easy prey.” This incident became a legend and was actively used during the time of Genghis Khan. Still using it now.

Another historical figure Mongolian people is Hoelun - mother of Chinggis Khaan. Mongolian chronicles call her “the wife of honor, conscience, reason and cold determination.” In her entire appearance one could see not only courage and readiness for heroic deeds, but also femininity and selfless maternal love.

Hoelun was distinguished by her beauty and came from the Olkhonut tribe. She was betrothed to Chileda, the brother of the chief of the neighboring Merkit tribe. As the “Secret Legend” reports, Hoelun loved Chileda, but Yesugei took her away by force. Around 1162 their first child was born. “The Secret Legend” reports that the child appeared with a blood clot in his fist. This was interpreted as a sign of strength. The father named his son, according to the then existing customs, after the captured enemy - Temujin. Sudden death husband's situation dramatically changed the family's situation. The widow resolutely defended the position of her family, trying to maintain power over the clan. But her husband's relatives refused to recognize her leadership role. Hoelun was the first woman recorded in history to rebel against the old ways of nomadic society. It was so a brave deed that people migrated away from her so that she would not infect others with her example.

Borte Khatun. She was born in 1161. Exact date death unknown, possibly around 1230. Borte was the daughter of Deisechen from the Khungirat clan and his wife Tsotan. While still a girl, she was given as a wife to Genghis Khan, who was also young at that time, and the fate of their family was decided by their parents. Borte was two years older than her husband, so at the time of their marriage the groom was 9 years old. Children of Borte and Genghis Khaan: four sons - Zuchi, Tsagaadai, Ogedei, Tuluy and five daughters Fuzhinbegi, Chichigan, Alagaibegi, Temulen, Altalun.

Borte Khatun is considered the great empress of the Mongols. As Genghis Khaan continued to expand his influence and empire, Borte remained in Kharkhorin and ruled Mongolia. She is often portrayed as beautiful woman, dressed in a white silk deeli, with gold coins in her hair, holding a white lamb in her hands, and riding a white horse.

Sorkhugtan Bekh Khatun was a wife youngest son Chinggis khaana Tului. Tului Khaan was always on military campaigns and therefore Sorhogtan bekh Khatun raised four sons herself. This woman was the daughter younger brother Karaite Van Haan Zhakhan Khamba. And although her religion was the Nestorian branch of Christianity, she supported religious figures Buddhism, Islam. She invited Uyghur, Mongolian, Chinese and Arab scientists to teach their children.

All four of her sons became great rulers. But the most famous of them was perhaps Kublai Kublai, who sat on the Khaan throne in 1260 and reigned for 35 years.

Dorgen Khatun- in the historical chronicles of the Mongols it is also called Naimazhin, Naimalzhin. This means that she left the Naiman aimag. She was the wife of Ogedei Khaan. After her husband's death, she ruled the country from 1242 to 1246. She was the first woman to rule the empire. IN historical documents they write differently about her actions. Some speak well of her, but there are also those who criticize her.

Manduhai Setsen-khatan born in 1448 - one of the women who went down in Mongol history. She worked hard to unite feudal-fragmented Mongolia. She was the daughter of a small feudal lord, Choruk-bai Temur-chinsan, who owned only one otog of Enkhegut, Tumet ulus. Manduhai became the second wife of Mandul Khaan. Since Mandul Khaan had no male offspring, after his death in 1467 Manduhai Khatun became the head of state. Having rejected a number of suitors for her hand, she adopted the young Batmunkh, the son of Bayanmunkh, who was considered the legitimate contender for the khanate. Over time, she became his wife.

Particularly noteworthy is the information, although fragmentary and incomplete, about the prohibition laws established by Manduhai Khatun among the Oirats. This is the earliest mention of the ancient laws of the Mongols found in the Mongolian historical literature. The image of Manduhai Setsen-khatun remained in people's memory. A legend was created about her, epic poems were composed about her.

Anu hatan- daughter of Prince Galdmaa. She had known Galdan since childhood, but he became a monk and was given in marriage to his older brother, the future Khaan Senge. She gave birth to sons Tseveenravdan and Sonomravdan. After Senge's death and return, Galdana became his wife, giving birth to his son Sevdenbalzhir, daughters Yunchikhay and Bum. During the first Oirat-Manjur war, Anu accompanied Galdan on campaigns. During the devastating battle for the Oirats on the Terelzh River in the Zuunmod area on May 13, 1696, she and her husband took part in the battle, shooting with a bow until she dislocated thumb. At the moment when the encirclement closed around the headquarters, she put on combat armor and, leading a sudden attack, broke through the ring, thereby distracting the main forces of the Manchus. At the cost of her own captivity, allowing Galdan and a small group of soldiers to escape, she died from a rifle bullet.

About white containers or eh dagina of the Mongols Dondogdulam We talked so we will be very brief. She was born in 1874. Some sources say that her childhood name was Dungaa. The head of Buddhism, Bogdo Khaan, married her. In 1902 Dondogdulam received the title “Mother of the Dakini of the State” and White Tara. Dondogdulam read and wrote fluently in Mongolian and Tibetan, and became famous in her lands as a “mistress.”

In 1923, White Tara of the State, who lived with the Bogdo Gegeen for more than 20 years, died. The Minister of Bogdo Gegeen gathered 15 women who were friendly according to the year of birth with the Khaan. And according to the canons of Buddhism, lots were cast - the first to fall was the paper on which Tseenpil was written.

Already in the spring of 1924, Bogdo Khaan died, and Genanpil was given property from the Khaan’s fund and sent back home to his parents. On small homeland, that is, in the current Khentii aimak she married Luvsandamba, former wrestler. They had two daughters and a son, Gantumur. Now the children of the middle daughter, Tsermaa, live in Khentii aimag. Unfortunately, repression did not escape this woman. She died at the hands of security officers.