M prishvin when a person loves. About Love from the diaries of M. Prishvin: “Man is like a blooming garden”

Real Unified State Exam text 2018. Prishvin. About love. Main wave. texts in Russian exam language 2018. Unified State Exam options in Russian language 2018. Real text of the Unified State Exam in Russian 2018.

When a person loves, he penetrates into the essence of the world. The white hedge was covered in needles of frost, the bushes were red and gold. The silence is such that not a single leaf is touched from the tree. But the bird flew by, and just a flap of its wing was enough for the leaf to break off and fly down in a circle. What a joy it was to feel the golden hazel leaf covered with the white lace of frost!

And this cold running water in the river... and this fire, and this silence, and the storm, and everything that exists in nature and that we don’t even know, everything entered and united into my love, which embraced the whole world. Love is an unknown land, and we are all sailing there each on our own ship, and each of us is the captain of our own ship and leads the ship in our own way. I missed the first powder, but I don’t repent, because before the light a white dove appeared to me in a dream, and when I then opened my eyes, I realized such joy from white snow And morning star, which you don’t always recognize when hunting. This is how tenderly the warm air of a flying bird embraced its face with its wing, and a joyful man stood up in the light of the morning star and asked how Small child: stars, month, White light, take the place of the one who flew away white dove! And the same in this morning hour was the touch of understanding my love as the source of all light, all the stars, the moon, the sun and all the illuminated flowers, herbs, children, all life on earth. And then at night it seemed to me that my charm was over, I no longer loved. Then I saw that there was nothing more in me and my whole soul was like a devastated land in late autumn: the cattle had been driven away, the fields were empty, where it was black, where there was snow, and in the snow there were traces of cats. ...What is love? Nobody said this correctly. But only one thing can be truly said about love, that it contains the desire for immortality and eternity, and at the same time, of course, as something small and in itself incomprehensible and necessary, the ability of a being embraced by love to leave behind more or less durable things , ranging from small children to Shakespearean lines. A small ice floe, white on top, green at the break, floated quickly, and a seagull was floating on it. While I was climbing the mountain, it became God knows where in the distance, where you can see the white church in the curly clouds under the magpie kingdom of black and white. Big water overflows its banks and spills far away. But even a small stream rushes to big water and even reaches the ocean. Only stagnant water remains to stand for itself, go out and turn green. That’s how people love: big love embraces the whole world, it makes everyone feel good. And there is simple, family love, running in streams in the same beautiful direction. And there is love only for oneself, and in it a person is also like stagnant water.

What is love? What is its role in a person’s life? Such questions are raised by the author of the text M. M. Prishvin.

The writer reveals this problem using the example of a story about a man trying to find the answer to the question: “..What is love?” The hero who was happy to see a hazel leaf running cold water in the river, who was simply enjoying nature, came to the conclusion that everyone has their own love, this is an “unknown country”, and everyone sails there on their own ship, choosing own way... He tried to convey to the reader that a person must find that one himself " true love", save it and preserve it.

The author's arguments do not end there. He shows that love is necessary for everyone, that everyone strives for it, tries to find “their own,” big, embracing the whole world, or simple, family. A person who has found love also gains a feeling of joy, peace, serenity...

M. M. Prishvin believes that only one thing can be said about love, that “it contains the desire for immortality and eternity,” that it is something “incomprehensible and necessary” that is capable of “leaving behind more or less durable things” .

One cannot but agree with the author's opinion. Indeed, love is a complex phenomenon, which is almost impossible to define. This feeling can revive a person, inspire or injure, even kill... Therefore, you should treat such a fragile feeling as love with care.

Many writers in their works touched upon the problem raised by the author. So, for example, in the story by A. I. Kuprin “ Garnet bracelet"tells about a poor official Zhetkov, who is hopelessly in love with the princess and is even capable of self-sacrifice for the sake of the peace of his chosen one.

He writes endless letters to Vera and gives him his family heirloom - a garnet bracelet. But the hero’s feelings are not mutual. He commits suicide when he is forbidden to love this woman. In a farewell letter, very similar to a prayer, Zheltkov speaks of indivisible love as the greatest human happiness.

No less bright literary argument is the novel by M. A. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”. For the sake of her loved one, Margarita is capable of any crime or sacrifice. She sells her soul by agreeing to be queen at Satan's ball in order to save the Master. Despite all her sins, the heroine is granted forgiveness for “loving and suffering.” She found eternal peace with her loved one.

Thus, the problem raised by M. M. Prishvin is relevant at all times. Love is a necessary component in life. By finding it, a person finds the meaning of life. The above arguments from the literature only confirm this.

If the writer Mikhail Prishvin had met his destined betrothed not in his declining years, but at least a little earlier, he would have gone down in the history of literature not as a “singer of Russian nature,” but as a singer of love. The diaries of Mikhail Prishvin, which he kept for half a century and which he called his main book, are full of lyrical statements. And the love diary “You and I,” which Prishvin wrote together with his beloved Valeria Lebedeva (Liorko), can be called one of the most beautiful books about love.

“Love is like a sea sparkling with heavenly colors. Happy is he who comes to the shore and, enchanted, harmonizes his soul with the greatness of the whole sea. Then the boundaries of the poor man’s soul expand to infinity, and the poor man then understands that there is no death...” - Prishvin walked towards this understanding all his life. “I will bring my love to the end and at the end I will find the beginning of the endless love of people passing into each other. Let our descendants know what springs were hidden in this era under the rocks of evil and violence,” Prishvin wrote. To understand what the lessons of love learned by the writer looked like, it is worth turning to his diaries.

Love doesn't have to be carnal

More precisely, love should not be based only on carnal feelings. In his love diary, Prishvin recalls an incident that greatly affected him: “It happened in childhood. I am a boy and she is a beautiful young girl, my aunt, who came from fairyland Italy. She awakened in me for the first time an all-encompassing, purest feeling; I did not understand even then that this was love. Then she left for her Italy. Years passed. It was a long time ago, now I can’t find the beginning and reasons for the duality of my feelings - this shame from the woman with whom I fell in love, and the fear of great love.”

Later, Prishvin met with his “Marya Morevna,” as he called her, and admitted to a painful split. “And you connect,” the former lover answered mysteriously. “But this is the whole difficulty of life, to regain your childhood, when it was all one.” Prishvin carried this awareness of the sinfulness of the flesh, the denial of love without the participation of the soul throughout his life. He believed that it was the “denial of temptation” that helped him become a writer. After a series of cases when the feeling was based solely on passion, Prishvin will look for love first of all spirituality: “Nothing can come from the outside here, this is your personal business - connect, and you will create true love, without shame and without fear.”

That's why: It is impossible to build a relationship on passion alone. Prishvin always warned to “beware of passions,” dark force clouds the mind. A truly strong relationship includes the voice of reason, carnal pleasures, and tenderness of the heart at the same time.

Love doesn't have to be spiritual

Everything is good in moderation. After a collision with " dark side"carnal attraction and disappointment in it Prishvin on long years becomes an ascetic. “Love hunger or poisonous food of love? - his choice is clear. “I got a love hunger.” In 1902, while traveling around Europe after graduating from the University of Leipzig, Prishvin met Varvara Izmalkova, a Russian student at the Sorbonne, in Paris. The platonic romance lasted very briefly, only three weeks, and ended in a break due to the different aspirations of the lovers. Prishvin, with his bitter experience of being “spiritless”, carnal love, was looking for a union of souls, saw in Varenka " A beautiful lady", an object of worship, but not living woman with all its advantages and disadvantages. Varvara thought more down-to-earth, like most girls of her age, she was waiting for a marriage proposal, an engagement, a wedding dress and other pleasant everyday worries that did not interest the young idealistic writer at all. He did not know how to combine the desire to possess his beloved, to make her his wife with the desire to worship her from afar, like a goddess on a pedestal: “This was the fatal romance of my youth for the rest of my life: she immediately agreed, but I felt ashamed, and she noticed it and refused. I insisted and after a struggle she agreed to marry me. And again I became bored of being a groom. Finally, she guessed and refused me this time forever and thus became Unavailable.” All his life Prishvin recalled this relationship: “To the one I once loved, I made demands that she could not fulfill. I could not humiliate her with animal feelings - this was my madness. But she wanted an ordinary marriage. The knot tied over me for the rest of my life.”

That's why: spiritual love without physical attraction also does not bring happiness. Relationships should be as complete as possible. As soon as one “ingredient” is excluded, discord begins... It was not for nothing that Prishvin compared love to the sea: “But another comes to the sea not with a soul, but with a jug and, having scooped it up, brings only a jug from the whole sea, and the water in the jug is salty and worthless. “Love is a deception,” says such a person, and never returns to the sea.” If you choose only one side of the entire spectrum of relationships, be prepared for disappointment.

Love shouldn't be pitiful

The trouble with many women is that they mistake pity for love. But men, it turns out, are susceptible to this too. Still experiencing a break with Varvara Izmalkova, tormented by the incompleteness of this relationship, Prishvin met the peasant woman Efrosinya Pavlovna Smogaleva. After divorcing her husband, she raised her son alone. Prishvin, with his idealism, decided that since he had failed in the role of a knight praising the Beautiful Lady, then he could try himself in the no less romantic role of a savior. “I thought: loving a woman means discovering the girl in her. And only then the woman will go for love, when you discover this in her: namely a girl, even if she had ten husbands and many children,” Prishvin thought so at that time.

Love based only on reason did not work out from the very beginning. Pity was replaced by mutual dissatisfaction and irritation. Pavlovna, as Prishvin called his wife, understood that her husband did not love her and took out her disappointment in anger. Prishvin suffered in silence, endured his wife’s endless reproaches, constant humiliation - and Euphrosyne could, for example, begin to rudely scold him in front of the children - and blamed himself for everything: “In my love there was a selfish haste with the inability to delve into the soul of another person.” It was as if he was redeeming past unsuccessful relationships with self-sacrifice.

Writing helped me come to terms with a bad marriage. And also a passion for beautiful things, which Prishvin fell in love with, “like falling in love with a bride in his youth.” He could take an antique cane with a gold head, bought at a thrift store, to bed with him. This “materialism” was a kind of means psychological protection from the sad reality. “And, of course, Pavlovna appeared to me then not as a person, but as a part of nature, a part of my home. That’s why there is no “man” in my writings,” Prishvin responded to the accusation of Zinaida Gippius, who called him an “inhuman writer.”

That's why: Self-deception does not make people happy. If a relationship has neither a spiritual nor a sensual component, it turns into a “deadly swamp.” The wisdom has been known since ancient times: the attraction of bodies generates passion, the attraction of souls generates friendship, the attraction of minds generates respect, and only the combination of all three attractions generates love. There was no passion, no friendship, no respect in the marriage of Mikhail Mikhailovich and Pavlovna. “Why did I do this, why did I waste precious human life! - Prishvin lamented at the end of his life. - There was no bright day for us. One displeasure after another..."

It's never too late to love

But fate always rewards patient people, and at the age of 67 Prishvin meets his first true love. Valeria Dmitrievna is 40 years old, and she came to Prishvin’s house to get a job as a secretary on the recommendation of a mutual friend.

Valeria Prishvina

By the time they met, Valeria also had experience of unhappy love behind her. Her first lover, a philosopher, “abhorred marriage” and called for high ideal relationships. He wanted to go traveling with Valeria and preach a new teaching, but she could not leave her mother. Later, the girl married a friend who had long sought her hand in marriage. But this marriage of convenience did not bring her happiness. Following a false denunciation, she and her husband were arrested and sent into exile. A few years later, unable to live with someone she didn’t love anymore, she asked her husband for a divorce. With such a “burden of life” she comes to Prishvin.

“This was not an imaginary woman, not on paper, but a living, spiritually graceful one, and I realized that real happy people they live for this, and not for books, like me; that it’s worth living for this…” Prishvin will soon write in his diary. From this mutual admiration and respect began a friendship that grew into love. Prishvin realized past mistakes and realized that love is not always complicated, but can appear in such a simple guise: “And so I wanted to escape from this gloomy throne.” Perhaps for the first time in his life, Prishvin is ready to forget about his ideals and enjoy the closeness of a simple “earthly” woman.

If the writer was at first tormented, wondering what he had done to deserve such happiness, then the difficult divorce from Euphrosyne calmed his doubts. She didn’t even hesitate to go to the Writers’ Union to complain about her husband’s “criminal relationship.” After experiencing the “war,” as Prishvin said about his divorce, happiness with Valeria became complete. It was clear to both of them that this was forever. Last years Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin lived his life with the feeling that “God created me the most happy man and charged me with glorifying love on Earth.”

That's why: It's never too late to break off a relationship that makes you unhappy in order to start a new one by meeting a person in whom you feel kindred spirit. Love is worth fighting for at any age, because living without feeling is like being “pickled in glass jar", as Prishvin said about his first marriage. He added: “If a woman helps create life, keeps a house, gives birth to children, or participates in creativity with her husband, then she should be revered as a queen. It is given to us through severe struggle. And maybe that’s why I hate weak men... In love, you have to fight for your height and thereby win. In love you have to grow and grow yourself.”

Composition

Love is a feeling that seems to have appeared with the human race. There is an opinion that it appeared even earlier, because at birth each of us is the fruit of love, a source of beauty and purity, and only later, over time, a sponge that absorbs the cruelty of realities. But what exactly is love and how does it affect a person? This is the question M.M. invites us to ponder. Prishvin.

“When a person loves, he penetrates into the essence of the world,” the text given to us begins with these words, and with each further sentence the author immerses us in the atmosphere of the magic of this feeling, leading us to the great and all-consuming meaning of love. MM. Prishvin strives to convey to the reader the idea that a person, overwhelmed by this bright feeling, begins to perceive differently the world and feel nature - he literally merges with space, because he is left alone with love “embracing the whole world.” A person who has lost this feeling ceases to feel immortal, loses inner harmony as if it were emptying from the inside.

The idea that the author develops in the text is associated with the underestimation of such a feeling as love. It, as the writer believes, is human happiness and harmony. Only thanks to love do we have the opportunity to feel our fullness in this world, to live in unity with everything around us and at the same time, which is very important, “to leave behind more or less durable things.”

One cannot but agree with the opinion of M.M. Prishvina. I also believe that love is a bright and all-consuming ray of light, a ray of warmth and goodness that allows each of us to see all the most beautiful things that exist in the world around us. Love gives us heightened feelings, gives us new emotions, pushes us to creativity and ensures eternal existence. Love, it seems to me, has meaning human existence.

A.I. discusses how love can affect a person’s life. Kuprin in the story “Garnet Bracelet”. Using Zheltkov as an example, the author shows that love from the very first moments can become the meaning of a person’s life, his greatest happiness. Once having met Vera Nikolaevna, main character I could no longer let her out of my heart. Zheltkov’s entire subsequent life, every minute of it, was filled with this woman, and the feeling given to him was so sweet for him that he was more afraid of losing it than death. However, unfortunately, this love was not destined to become mutual, and Zheltkov, immensely respecting the princess, did not dare to interfere in her life with more than a few letters - it was enough for him to simply write them and live in the short moments of the meeting with Vera Nikolaevna, in these few for seconds he considered himself the happiest man in the whole world.

A good example real, sincere and pure love is the poetry of A.S. Pushkin. It seems that there was always love in the heart of this poet, which is why he was so close to nature and so keenly felt any of its changes. In the poem “On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night...” the author shows that the lyrical hero is truly happy because he has the opportunity to love. There's no heaviness to it negative emotions- his sadness is light, and his heart burns with love, because he can’t do it any other way, and why? After all, this feeling allows to the lyrical hero even in the darkness of the night to see the world in bright, light colors.

A lot of words have been said and a lot of lines have been written about love. In conclusion of all of the above, I would like to recall the words written by N.A. Berdyaev, who describe the meaning of love better than ever: “Love is the universal energy of life, which has the ability to transform evil passions into creative passions.”

All my life I heard the word “soul” and pronounced this word myself, not at all understanding what it meant.

It seems to me that if I were asked what “soul” is, I would answer this question quite correctly. I would say that the soul is inner world a person is what he knows about himself. Secondly, I would say about the soul from the point of view of a philosopher that the soul is the totality of a person’s knowledge about himself, etc., as stated in psychology textbooks. Thirdly, I would remember the ideas of the soul primitive man as a certain entity living in the body. And all this understanding of the soul would not be about one’s own soul, but how all people talk and think about it.

Meanwhile, I had my own soul, and I knew about it from a very distant time, almost from childhood, when I slowly shed tears that I was born different from everyone else.

Little by little, over the years, with dozens of passing years, through this suffering I learned my meaning: little by little it turned out that being not like everyone else, but like myself, is what is most necessary, without which my existence would be meaningless. And my passionate desire to join everyone, to be like everyone else, cannot happen otherwise than through revealing myself in the eyes of everyone...

And a lot of time passed before I realized that the desire to be like everyone else in me was a desire for love.

And quite recently I finally realized that this desire to love was the action of my soul, and soul means love.

And how many unworthy things we keep among the treasures of our soul!

Once upon a time, I was given an excellent gray waterproof raincoat in winter.

Spring came sunny, and then it became hot, and I never used my raincoat. The summer was hot, the autumn dry. So for the first year, my raincoat hung in the wardrobe, and every time, going through the hangers and coming across a raincoat, I added to my treasury home soul created a pleasant feeling of owning a good thing, very useful when communicating with nature.

Then the next year it was dry again, and when the third year was dry, they started talking about the fact that the climate was changing due to the special arrangement of sunspots.

Only in the fourth year did a damp spring emerge, and at the end of April, when the woodcocks arrived, it rained. Then I took out a waterproof raincoat from my piggy bank of home well-being and, putting it on, went hunting. And then it turned out that I had been in vain guarding the comfort of my home, where my waterproof raincoat had been kept for three years: when I met the first rain, my raincoat got wet.