How Oblomov’s environment characterizes his life. Characteristics of the characters in Oblomov’s novel (description of the main and secondary characters)
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Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is the main character of Goncharov’s novel of the same name. This image is unique in that it fully exposes an uncharacteristic negative quality in the field of literature, but the condition inherent in every person is laziness. Some people find the strength to overcome laziness and make laziness a periodic guest; for some, as in the case of Oblomov, laziness becomes a constant companion in life. Why does this happen, is there a way out of such a situation, and on whom does the result of such a confrontation depend? Goncharov gives answers to these questions, depicting all the consequences of such a life using the example of the nobleman Oblomov.
Oblomov is of noble origin
"Nobleman by birth." He has 300 serfs:
"Three hundred souls."
Ilya Ilyich is the owner of a family estate, which he has not been to for 12 years:
“The twelfth year in St. Petersburg”
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov lives in St. Petersburg at:
"Pea Street"
His age is not exactly known
He is "a man about thirty-two or three years old"
Oblomov has an attractive appearance, he evokes sympathy:
"of average height, pleasant appearance"
He has gray eyes, but they are somehow empty:
“with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, any concentration in the facial features.”
Oblomov leads a passive way of life, he is rarely outside the house, so his face seems colorless:
“Ilya Ilyich’s complexion was neither ruddy, nor dark, nor positively pale, but indifferent or seemed so, perhaps because Oblomov was somehow flabby beyond his years: perhaps from lack of exercise or air, or perhaps both."
We invite you to familiarize yourself with the summary of I. Goncharov’s novel, which talks about two sides of Russia in the 19th century.
Carelessness is Oblomov’s constant state; his personal belongings also acquire this characteristic:
“The carelessness passed from the face into the poses of the whole body, even into the folds of the dressing gown.”
Sometimes his state of carelessness changed to boredom or fatigue:
“Sometimes his gaze darkened with an expression as if of fatigue or boredom; but neither fatigue nor boredom could for a moment drive away the softness from the face, which was the dominant and fundamental expression, not only of the face, but of the whole soul.”
Oblomov's favorite clothing is a dressing gown
“... Made of Persian material, a real oriental robe, without the slightest hint of Europe, without tassels, without velvet, without a waist, very roomy, so Oblomov could wrap himself in it twice.”
His robe was significantly worn, but Oblomov is not embarrassed by this: “it lost its original freshness and in places replaced its primitive, natural gloss with another, acquired one, but still retained the brightness of oriental paint and the strength of the fabric.”
Ilya Ilyich fell in love with the robe because it is as “soft” as its owner:
“The robe had in Oblomov’s eyes a darkness of invaluable merits: it is soft, flexible; the body does not feel it on itself; he, like an obedient slave, submits to the slightest movement of the body.”
Oblomov’s favorite pastime is lying on the sofa, he has no good reason for this - he does it out of laziness:
“For Ilya Ilyich, lying down was neither a necessity, like that of a sick person or like a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like that of someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like that of a lazy person: it was his normal state.”
In Ilya Ilyich’s office there are many things that their owner does not need - they were purchased and installed because it was customary:
“he looked at the decoration of his office so coldly and absent-mindedly, as if he was asking with his eyes: “Who brought and installed all this here?”
There is no order in the house rented by Oblomov - dust and garbage are evenly placed on all objects: “On the walls, near the paintings, a cobweb, saturated with dust, was molded in the form of festoons; mirrors, instead of reflecting objects, could rather serve as tablets for writing down some notes on them in the dust for memory. The carpets were stained."
Ilya Ilyich’s days always follow the same scenario - he doesn’t get up for a long time, lies on the couch and all morning intends to get up and do a bunch of things, but constantly delays his intention:
“I intended to get up, wash my face and, having drunk tea, think carefully, figure out something... For half an hour he lay there, tormented by this intention, but then he decided that he would still have time to do this after tea, and he could drink tea, as usual, at bed, especially since nothing prevents you from thinking while lying down.”
Some time later, the Oblomovs were rich and wealthy, but then things got worse; the Oblomovs themselves do not know why this happened:
“he grew poorer, grew smaller, and finally got lost imperceptibly between the old houses of the nobility.”
Oblomov often likes to call his servant Zakhar to him, almost always these are empty requests, sometimes Ilya Ilyich himself does not know why he called Zakhar:
“Why did I call you - I don’t remember! Go to your room for now, and I’ll remember.”
From time to time, Oblomov’s apathy subsides, he reprimands Zakhara for the mess and garbage in the house, but the matter does not move beyond reprimands - everything remains in its place: “...dust causes moths? Sometimes I even see a bug on the wall!”
Ilya Ilyich does not like change, the need to move upsets him terribly, he tries to delay this moment as much as possible, ignores the request of the homeowner to speed up the move:
“They say they promised for a month, but you still don’t move out... We’ll let the police know.”
Fear of changing your life
He himself is aware of such intolerance to change
“...I can’t stand any changes.”
Oblomov does not tolerate the cold:
“Don’t come, don’t come: you’re coming from the cold!”
Dinner parties and large gatherings seem to Ilya Ilyich a boring and pointless activity:
“Oh my God! The boredom must be hellish!”
Oblomov does not like to work:
“work from eight o’clock to twelve, from twelve to five, and at home too - oh, oh.”
Penkin’s characterization of Oblomov:
“...an incorrigible, carefree sloth!”
Oblomov believes that work should not be too tiring: “Write at night... when can I sleep?”
Oblomov's acquaintances are surprised by his inactivity. Taranyev says this about Ilya Ilyich’s laziness:
“It’s almost twelve o’clock, and he’s lying around”
Tarantiev deceives Oblomov and often takes money from him: “... he snatched the banknote from Oblomov’s hands and quickly hid it in his pocket.”
Several years ago, Oblomov tried to go into the service and became a collegiate secretary. The work was difficult for him:
“...running and bustle began, everyone was embarrassed, everyone knocked each other down.”
Due to his laziness and absent-mindedness, service became hell for Oblomov; he barely served for two years and left the service, considering this type of activity unsuitable for him:
“Ilya Ilyich suffered from fear and melancholy in the service, even under a kind, condescending boss.”
Ilya Ilyich often makes mistakes in his work; once he mixed up the addresses and sent the necessary documents not to Astrakhan but to Arkhangelsk. When the mistake became clear, Oblomov worried for a long time because he realized the irresponsibility of his action:
“although he and everyone else knew that the boss would limit himself to a remark; but my own conscience was much stricter than the reprimand.”
The only person who can stir up this sloth is his childhood friend Andrei Stolts:
“Stolz’s youthful heat infected Oblomov, and he burned with a thirst for work.”
Studying was difficult for Oblomov - his parents often made him concessions and left him at home while the educational process was not completed. Oblomov never tried to correct this state of affairs; his level of education suits Ilya Ilyich:
“...he had a whole abyss between science and life, which he did not try to cross. His life was on its own, and his science was on its own.”
From constant idleness and immobility, Oblomov begins to develop various deviations in the functioning of his body systems:
“My stomach almost doesn’t cook, there’s a heaviness in the pit of my stomach, heartburn is tormenting me, my breathing is heavy.”
He does not like to read books or newspapers - his detachment from life suits Oblomov. This matter is too tedious for the lazy Oblomov:
“the pages on which the books were unfolded were covered with dust and turned yellow; it is clear that they were abandoned a long time ago; The newspaper number was last year.”
The parents dreamed of the day when their son would gain a position in society and receive a significant promotion, but at the same time they did not understand that an uneducated person would never achieve this; they seriously thought that this could happen by chance or some kind of fraud:
“They also dreamed of an embroidered uniform for him, imagined him as a councilor in the chamber, and even his mother as a governor; but they would like to achieve all this somehow cheaper, with various tricks.”
Zakhar's attempts to stir up his owner do not lead to anything good. Oblomov fights off the servant:
“Oblomov suddenly, unexpectedly jumped to his feet and rushed at Zakhar. Zakhar rushed away from him as fast as he could, but on the third step Oblomov sobered up completely from sleep and began to stretch, yawning: “Give me... kvass.”
Stolz and Oblomov are connected by childhood memories - Andrei cannot see how aimlessly his friend’s days pass:
“Everyone is busy, but you don’t need anything.”
Stolz manages to activate Ilya Ilyich. He drags Oblomov out into the world, where Ilya Ilyich at first feels out of place, but over time, this feeling passes. Stolz encourages his friend to go abroad together. The friend agrees. Oblomov enthusiastically starts preparing:
“Ilya Ilyich already had his passport ready, he even ordered a traveling coat for himself and bought a cap.”
Oblomov's love for Olga
Ilya Ilyich’s falling in love became the reason for refusing the trip - the new feeling does not allow Oblomov to leave the object of his adoration, even for a short time:
“Oblomov did not leave in a month or three.” Oblomov's move is finally taking place.
Ilya Ilyich does not experience stress - his thoughts are occupied by Olga Ilyinskaya:
“Tarantiev moved his entire house to his godfather, to an alley on the Vyborg side.”
Oblomov fell in love for the first time. He is embarrassed by his feelings, does not know what to do and how he should behave towards his beloved:
“Oh my God, how pretty she is! There are such things in the world! - he thought, looking at her with almost frightened eyes.”
Oblomov is a sensual, impulsive person, succumbing to emotions, he confesses his love to Olga:
“I feel... not music... but... love.”
Oblomov is not known for his bravery - in difficult situations he flees. This seems better to him than saying or doing something out of place: “without looking back, he ran out of the rooms.”
Ilya Ilyich is a conscientious person, he worries that his actions or words could provoke unpleasant experiences among those people who are dear to him:
“I was tormented by the fact that he scared and insulted her”
Oblomov is a very emotional person, he is not used to hiding his feelings
“... I’m not ashamed of my heart.”
The emerging Love for Olga became the reason not only for his physical, but also mental activity. He begins to actively read books because his beloved likes to listen to retellings of books, and visits the theater and opera. He behaves like a true romantic - he takes walks in nature, gives Olga flowers:
“He is with Olga from morning to evening; he reads with her, sends flowers, walks along the lake, in the mountains.”
Inactivity and fear of change played a cruel joke on Oblomov. The uncertainty that arose between Oblomov and Ilyinskaya became painful for the girl. Olga is afraid that Oblomov will not keep his word and not marry her, because he always has many excuses for postponing the wedding. Oblomov can’t even decide to ask the girl’s hand in marriage. This leads to a breakdown in relationships:
“I loved the future Oblomov! You are meek and honest, Ilya; you are gentle... dove; you hide your head under your wing - and don’t want anything more; you are ready to coo under the roof all your life.”
Oblomov returns to his usual life. Passivity and the absence of any activity other than lying on the couch and eating food have a bad effect on his health - Oblomov gets an apoplexy:
“they bled and then announced that it was an apoplexy and that he needed to lead a different lifestyle.”
Despite everything, Oblomov does not change his habits. Ilya Ilyich perceives Stolz’s arrival with enthusiasm, but no longer succumbs to his persuasion to change his life. He is happy: he fell in love with the mistress of the house, who does not demand anything from him and takes care of him like a child:
“Don’t make vain attempts, don’t persuade me: I’ll stay here.”
The fact that Pshenitsyna (Oblomov’s new love) is not a noblewoman does not allow him to admit the true reasons for his refusal to leave St. Petersburg: “Leave me completely ... forget ...”
Stolz is periodically interested in the fate of Oblomov. On his last visit to his friend, Andrei learns terrifying news - Oblomov lives with Pshenitsyna as his wife, they have a child together. Oblomov realizes that he will not live long and asks his friend to take care of his son:
“...this child is my son! His name is Andrei, in memory of you.”
Death of Oblomov
Oblomov dies as quietly as he lived - no one heard how Oblomov died, he was found dead on the sofa, the cause of his death was a new apoplexy:
“The head moved a little from the pillow and the hand was convulsively pressed to the heart.”
The image of Oblomov is not devoid of positive qualities, but his laziness, apathy and fear of change reduce all aspirations and positivity to nothing. His personality evokes feelings of regret among other characters in the novel. His friends try to help him get out of the swamp of laziness, but to no avail.
Oblomovism gained full power over Ilya and became the cause of his death.
Oblomov Ilya Ilyich is the main character of the novel, a young man “about thirty-two or three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, any concentration in his facial features... softness was dominant and the main expression, not just of the face, but of the whole soul; and the soul shone so openly and clearly in the eyes, in the smile, in every movement of the head and hand.” This is how the reader finds the hero at the beginning of the novel, in St. Petersburg, on Gorokhovaya Street, where he lives with his servant Zakhar.
The main idea of the novel is connected with the image of O., about which N. A. Dobrolyubov wrote: “...God knows what an important story. But it reflected Russian life, in it a living, modern Russian type appears before us, minted with merciless severity and correctness, it expressed the new word of our social development, pronounced clearly and firmly, without despair and without childish hopes, but with full consciousness truth. This word is Oblomovism; we see something more than just the successful creation of a strong talent; we find in it... a sign of the times.”
N.A. Dobrolyubov was the first to classify O. among the “superfluous people,” tracing his genealogy from Onegin, Pechorin, and Beltov. Each of the named heroes in their own way fully and vividly characterized a certain decade of Russian life. O. is a symbol of the 1850s, “post-Belt” times in Russian life and Russian literature. In O.'s personality, in his tendency to passively observe the vices of the era inherited by him, we clearly distinguish a fundamentally new type, introduced by Goncharov into literary and social use. This type personifies philosophical idleness, conscious alienation from the environment, which is rejected by the soul and mind of a young provincial who finds himself from sleepy Oblomovka in the capital.
“Life: life is good! What to look for there? interests of the mind, heart? - O. explains his worldview to his childhood friend Andrei Stolts. - Look where the center is, around which all this revolves: it’s not there, there’s nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the council and society! What drives them in life? After all, they don’t lie down, but scurry about every day like flies, back and forth, but what’s the point?.. Underneath this comprehensiveness lies emptiness, a lack of sympathy for everything!.. No, this is not life, but a distortion of the norm, the ideal of life, which Nature has indicated a goal to man.”
Nature, according to O., indicated a single goal: life, as it had flowed for centuries in Oblomovka, where they were afraid of news, traditions were strictly observed, books and newspapers were not recognized at all. From “Oblomov’s Dream,” called an “overture” by the author and published much earlier than the novel, as well as from individual strokes scattered throughout the text, the reader learns quite fully about the hero’s childhood and youth, spent among people who understood life “no other than an ideal.” peace and inaction, disturbed from time to time by various unpleasant accidents... they endured labor as a punishment imposed on our forefathers, but they could not love, and where there was an opportunity, they always got rid of it, finding it possible and proper.”
Goncharov depicted the tragedy of the Russian character, devoid of romantic traits and not colored by demonic gloom, but nevertheless finding himself on the sidelines of life - through his own fault and through the fault of society, in which there was no place for the Lomovs. Not for them
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the main character of the novel, is a Russian landowner living in St. Petersburg on income received from a serf estate. “He was a man about thirty-two or three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of...
Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is the second part of his famous trilogy, which opens with the novel “An Ordinary Story”. The novel “Oblomov” is named after the main character, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a landowner who lived a calm and measured life in St. Petersburg. ...
After much anticipation caused by the publication of one of the main episodes of the novel, Oblomov’s dream, readers and critics were finally able to read and appreciate it in its entirety. How unambiguous was the general admiration for the work as a whole, just as versatile...
The main character of the novel by I. A. Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person, capable of experiencing a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to step over himself - get up from the couch, engage in any activity and even...
Oblomov- a hereditary nobleman of the old school. He is 31 - 32 years old, lives in St. Petersburg in a small rented apartment, and is a person who spends all his time at home. Ilya Ilyich does not go to work and does not sit behind papers in the building, he earns his living with the help of other, equally stupid and narrow-minded people. Oblomov dreams of sitting on the couch forever in his favorite robe and not worrying about “stupid” problems. Oblomov is a lazy and dreamy person. One day he falls in love with Olga Ilyinskaya, who wants to change him with all her might, but even love cannot fix him.
Stolz- Oblomov’s best friend, known to him since childhood and the complete opposite of him. Lying on the couch and dreaming of a better life and a wonderful future is alien to him. Andrei Ivanovich relies only on his own strength and skills. He constantly goes to the front and tries to reach his top. He doesn’t understand how you can live your life in one place, not travel and not grow. But, despite this, Stolz appreciates Oblomov for his pure, sincere heart and tries with all his might to help him both financially and in love affairs.
Olga Ilyinskaya- a young progressive landowner, 20 years old. She is a smart, beautiful, emotional girl who takes the best from life. Olga is similar to Stolz in her beliefs and character. The moment she meets Oblomov, she notices a man who does not want to change anything and relies only on fate and dreams. She doesn't think it's good to spend time lying on the couch and daydreaming. Therefore, afterwards Ilyinskaya spends all her strength on changing Oblomov, but even she doesn’t succeed.
Agafya Pshenitsyna- not a rich landowner, about 30 years old, who remained a widow with two small children. She is the owner of the house where Ilya Ilyich lives. Agafya cooks very tasty, cleans the house well, also sews well, in general, she is an excellent housewife. Matveevna is a quiet, kind, modest woman and at the same time narrow-minded and stupid. She would prefer to remain silent and simply agree than to express her point of view. Agafya is getting old, doing everything for Oblomov, she takes care of him like a mother and child. And then in the end she acquires the role of wife for her tenant.
Zakhar- Oblomov’s servant for 50 years. He has known the owner since he was young and works for him for quite a long time. Now in his service with Mr. Zakhar, he has become as lazy and grouchy as the owner. He constantly complains, whines about the terrible conditions, and deceives Ilya Ilyich. Zakhar Trofimovich can rob Oblomov both in terms of money and food. The servant is a representative of the old order and believes that until his death he must serve only one master. He remains loyal even after the death of his master.
Anisya- cook in the apartment of the landowner Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, she is 47 years old. She is a hardworking woman, kind, affectionate, quiet and quite modest. Anisya is not a stupid and narrow-minded person, she is much smarter than the servant Zakhar. The cook sees that Oblomov is wasting his life on the sofa in a dressing gown, giving himself up to unrealistic dreams. Agafya understands that you can’t live like a nobleman, and you could waste your whole life. But despite her conflicting thoughts, she does not tell her owner about this and continues to take care of him and push him around in front of his orders.
Mukhoyarov- brother of the mistress of the house Agafya Pshenitsyna. He worked for a long time as a secretary in the office, and during his entire service Mukhoyarov accumulated a fairly decent amount of money with the help of bribes. The former secretary is an arrogant and cunning man who can sell his loved ones for a pittance. If you don’t know this person well or look at him from the outside, you can say that he is a quiet, petty and pathetic person who is afraid to raise his head against a nobleman. But in his soul, Mukhoyarov, as they said, is a rather smart and narcissistic person.
Volkov- a noble nobleman, the first guest in Oblomov’s house for 25 years. He is a fashionable, rich man who spends his whole life not on the couch in a robe, giving in to his dreams, but at various noisy gatherings with noble people. He wears only the best clothes and jewelry, talks only about “high” things and problems. Volkov attends all social meetings, performances, theaters and various evenings. For a nobleman, the opinion of the noble crowd is more important than his desires. Volkov is ready to forget about his interests, just for the sake of respect from other people.
Sudbinsky- he is Oblomov’s former colleague in the office and is the second guest in Ilya Ilyich’s house after Volkov. He does not spend his life on rich social evenings, not discussing people, and does not spend his life in the house in a shabby robe. Sudbinsky spends all his personal time on his own career. The employee tries with all his might to receive bigger bonuses and better awards. This brings him quite a bit of income, but, despite the benefits, he lives his life within the four walls of his office.
Penkin- another of Oblomov’s acquaintances and the third guest in his house. He is a fashionable writer and writer. Penkin earns money by writing various books and fashion articles for newspapers and magazines. He writes about various incidents, secular news and not poor personalities. But despite his rather easy career, Penkin writes articles only for profit, and does not receive any pleasure from it. The writer sees a rather rich life, travels all over the world and sees a lot of new things. But for Oblomov, he is just a machine that is trying to survive all the juices from life.
Alekseev- an old acquaintance of Onegin and is already the fourth guest in his rented estate. He is a minor official who earns little money and does not move up the career ladder. Alekseev fully corresponds to his profession. An official is a small, quiet person who does not like to stand out from others; it is easier for him to squeeze into a corner so that no one can see him. Alekseev is not passionate about his service, does not travel the world, and does not like to attend various noisy social parties. He visits Ilya Ilyich only for free food and drink.
Tarantiev- fifth guest in Oblomov’s house, about 40 years old. He is a minor official, like Alekseev. Throughout his entire life, Tarantiev did not advance any further in his service. The official, despite his low title among his acquaintances, is an arrogant, cunning, and also quite selfish person. He has been robbing Oblomov and Mukhoyarov for quite some time, “pumping” money out of him while he lies quietly on the sofa and simply does not notice it. Tarantiev is a vengeful person who will not forget a single word from an action and will not calm down until he takes revenge.
Doctor Oblomova- another acquaintance of Oblomov and the last guest in his house. He treats Oblomov, examines him and gives him various advice. The doctor is not used to serving small people and treats only nobles and socialites. He is one of the few people who does not profit from someone he knows, but tries to get him off the couch and show him how diverse the world outside the window is. He is a quiet, reserved, but attentive person. The doctor will prefer to advise, but not force you to do something.
Option 2
One of the main characters in the work “Oblomov” is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. He has outdated views that deny the future, he is also a very lazy person and does not want to do or decide anything. Oblomov is in love with Olga, but soon divorced due to quarrels and misunderstandings between each other. Soon after the divorce, he married another woman named Agafya Pshenichnaya, who was a widow.
But the next character, named Stolz, is the complete opposite of Oblomov, although he is his good friend. He is a very purposeful person, a hard worker. But he also has a number of negative qualities. They have been friends with Oblomov since childhood. Stolz respects him and tries to help him in all matters.
Olga Ilyinskaya is a smart, interesting woman, educated, emotional. When she fell in love with Oblomov, she tried to remake him, wanted to make him a purposeful and hardworking person. But not getting what she wanted, she divorces him and marries another man, Andrei Ivanovich.
But the next heroine, Agafya Matveevna, under the name Pshenitsina, is the complete opposite of Olga. She is not very distant, but good-natured. She idolizes Oblomov and indulges all his desires.
Oblomov has a servant named Zakhar Trofimovich, he has been working for him for many years, and often deceives his master. He may also steal food or take change from purchases. He behaves arrogantly with the owner. But he also had positive qualities, he was very loyal. And even after the death of his master, he does not leave his grave, even being a beggar and begging for alms.
There is also another character, he is vile and low, he is a swindler and tried to lure money from his fellow countryman Ilya Ilyich. This person is endowed with many negative qualities.
Oblomov also has a cook named Anisya in his house. She was a very hardworking person, but soon died of a fatal disease.
Another negative character in the work was Agafya Mukhoyarov’s brother Ivan Matveevich. This is a very deceitful person, he is ready to do anything for his own benefit, even betray his family and friends. He took bribes for many years and made a large fortune from it. He is very cunning and cunning.
The most striking character in Volkov's work. He lives in vain and does not bring any benefit to others. Loves to have fun and be fashionable. He lives easily, without thinking about anything.
Another guest of Oblomov, like Comrade Volkov, was Sudbinsky. He is just as empty and is only concerned with his career.
Oblomov and Agafye have a son named Andrei. Agafya gave him to Olga and Stultz's family when her husband died. She believed that in their family he would be able to get a good education and be able to become a man with a capital M.
There is also another person present, a minor official named Alekseev. He comes to Oblomov’s house to have a delicious meal.
Penkin writes literature not for the sake of earning money, but because he really likes it, it’s his hobby. Oblomov considers him a machine without a soul.
The main characters of Oblomov's work
The main character of the novel “Oblomov” is rightfully considered Ilya Ilyich, a true native of Oblomovka, who showed the reader all the vices of the Russian corvée of that time. Reading the lines, you don’t immediately understand that he is the representative of the class that “influenced everything and set order.” The author was able to perfectly show the swampy dependence of the masters on their own peasant souls.
An apathetic person who has lost the desire for life and knowledge - this is exactly how this hero appears to us. We can clearly observe how time spent in a “greenhouse environment” turns a slightly lethargic but inquisitive child into a weak-willed silhouette with dreamy eyes. It is not surprising at all that he has a disregard for everything in this life, as well as the fact that he simply lost interest even in his own feelings, paying tribute only to the crumbs of needs that were still simmering in his frail body.
As if in counterbalance, wanting to balance the massive figure of Oblomov, Andrei Ivanovich is introduced to us. A person with iron principles and the belief that everything can be achieved with one’s own hands. He is not lying on the sofa, sitting through colorful robes, no. He works to achieve success in his career and personal life. It was precisely these qualities that attracted Olga later.
Ilyinskaya is an emotional person who wants a strong personality next to her. Her faith in high ideals, intelligence and education - all this is what motivated her in her attempts to change Ilya Ilyich. But, unfortunately, he was unable to overcome his laziness, which led to a break in the relationship. And so, fate brings her together with the one who is most suitable for the role of the ideal - Andrei Stolts.
Agafya Matveevna, on the contrary, is quite simple. But there is no need to doubt the sincerity of her feelings, for they are manifested not only in words, but also in the actions of this good-natured woman, who truly idolizes Oblomov. Not in favor of the latter, but he idolizes him. We are shown her as the opposite of Olga, but still, there is something in her that makes us wish a woman a better life.
Zakhar serves as a faithful shadow that invariably accompanies Oblomov. He is a faithful servant, remembering the former greatness of his master’s house and resembling his habits. Until his death he remains the one who preserves the memory of each member of the former Oblomovka. However, he shows that he can change for the better if necessary (when he falls in love with Anisya).
Anisya herself is a kind soul with a smart head. Unfortunately, she died too early, but she left her mark on this story. It is she who leads to changes in Zakhara.
Perhaps the most unpleasant and petty hero appears to be Mikhail Tarantiev, who is striking in his self-interest. A vengeful and greedy person who wants to take away everything that “lies badly.”
All of them are those who are related to Oblomovka. But not every one of them comes from it. This is what makes them so different, like two sides of the same coin.
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There is not a single writer in Russian poetry who would not be interested in winter themes. My attitude to the poem by the great genius A. S. Pushkin “Winter Morning”
- Love in the novel War and Peace by Tolstoy essay
The theme of love in the well-known novel is raised repeatedly and from different angles. It is worth noting that the word “love” has several meanings. In most cases, when a person hears this word
- Lizaveta Aleksandrovna Adueva in the novel An Ordinary Story by Goncharov, essay
At the end of the first part of the novel “An Ordinary Story,” I.A. Goncharov introduces us to Lizaveta Alexandrova Adueva. This is the wife and aunt of the two central characters, Peter and Alexander Aduev.
- Characteristics and image of Nozdryov in the poem Dead Souls by Gogol
Nozdryov is a minor character in Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s work Dead Souls, as well as the third landowner from whom Chichikov visited and bought dead souls
The Russian people have never liked to sit idle. Folk art has always been given a lot of time. One very beautiful tradition is painted dishes.
Life always presents people with unpleasant surprises, sometimes in the form of life situations, sometimes in the form of difficulties in choosing the path to follow. Swimming with the flow or against it sometimes becomes a predetermining event of a lifetime.
Childhood and family of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov
Childhood always leaves a significant mark on the process of personality formation and development. A small child imitates the behavior of his parents, adopts their model of perceiving the world and its complexities. Oblomov's parents were hereditary aristocrats. His father Ilya Ivanovich was a good man, but very lazy. He did not seek to improve the pitiful situation of his impoverished family, although if he had overcome his laziness, this would have been possible.
His wife, Ilya Ilyich’s mother, was a match for her husband, so a sleepy and measured life was common. Naturally, the parents did not encourage the activity of their only child - the lethargic and apathetic Ilya suited them quite well.
Upbringing and education of Ilya Ilyich
Ilya Ilyich was mainly raised by his parents. They were not particularly diligent in this regard. The parents looked after their son in everything, often pitied him and tried to deprive his life of all sorts of worries and activities, so as a result, Ilya Ilyich grew up dependent, it was difficult for him to organize himself, adapt and realize himself in society.
We invite you to follow in Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”
As a child, Ilya from time to time neglected the wishes of his parents - he could go off to play with the village boys without their knowledge. This behavior was not encouraged by the parents, but this did not upset the inquisitive boy. Over time, Ilya Ilyich became involved in the life of his parents and abandoned his curiosity in favor of Oblomovshchina.
Oblomov’s parents had a skeptical attitude towards education, but they still realized the extent of its necessity, so they sent their son to study at a boarding school with Stolz when his son turned thirteen. Ilya Ilyich had extremely negative memories of this period of his life - life in the boarding school was far from his native Oblomovshchina, Ilya Ilyich endured such changes with difficulty, with tears and whims. Parents tried in every possible way to minimize the child’s stress, so Ilya often stayed at home instead of going to classes. At the boarding house, Oblomov was not known for his hard work; some of the tasks were carried out instead by the son of the boarding house director, Andrei, with whom Oblomov was very friendly.
We invite you to read the novel of the same name by I. Goncharov.
At the age of 15, Ilya Ilyich leaves the boarding school. His education did not end there - college followed the boarding school. Oblomov’s exact profession is unknown; Goncharov does not detail this period. It is known that the subjects studied included law and mathematics. Despite everything, the quality of Oblomov’s knowledge did not improve - he graduated from the educational institution “somehow.”
Civil service
At the age of twenty, Ilya Ilyich begins civil service. His work was not so difficult - writing notes, issuing certificates - all this was a feasible task even for such a lazy person as Ilya Ilyich, but things did not work out with the service. The first thing that Ilya Ilyich categorically did not like was the daily routine of his service - whether he wanted it or not, he had to go to service. The second reason was the presence of a boss. In fact, Oblomov was very lucky with his boss - he turned out to be a kind, calm person. But, in spite of everything, Ilya Ilyich was terribly afraid of his boss and therefore work became a real test for him.
One day, Ilya Ilyich made a mistake - he sent documents to the wrong address. As a result, the papers went not to Astrakhan, but to Arkhangelsk. When this was discovered, Oblomov was overcome with incredible horror.
His fear of punishment was so great that he first took sick leave and then resigned altogether. Thus, he remained in service for 2 years and retired as a collegiate secretary.
Oblomov's appearance
Goncharov does not go into detail about the appearance of his hero until the development of the main events of the novel.
The main array of events occurs when the hero is 32-33 years old. 12 years have passed since his arrival in the city, in other words, it’s been 10 years since Oblomov left any service. What did Ilya Ilyich do all this time? Nothing! He enjoys absolute idleness and spends his days lying on the sofa.
Of course, such a passive way of life affected the character’s appearance. Oblomov gained weight, his face became flabby, although he still retained attractive features; this image is complemented by expressive gray eyes.
Oblomov perceives his fullness as a gift from God - he believes that his fullness is predetermined by God and his way of life and gastronomic habits have nothing to do with them.
His face has no color; he seems colorless. Since Ilya Ilyich does not need to go out anywhere (he doesn’t even go to visit), there is no need to buy and maintain a suit. Oblomov’s home clothes deserve the same treatment.
His favorite dressing gown has long lost its color, it has been repaired several times and does not look its best.
Oblomov is not concerned about his unkempt appearance - this attitude towards wardrobe and appearance in general was characteristic of his parents.
The purpose of life
A person somehow follows a certain goal in life. Sometimes these are small, intermediate landmarks, sometimes they are the work of a lifetime. In the situation with Oblomov, at first glance, it seems that the situation is the other way around - he has a complete lack of purpose in life, but this is not so - his goal is a measured life, he believes that only in this way can one feel its taste.
Ilya Ilyich tries to fully comply with this goal. He is sincerely perplexed how his friends can strive to get promoted, work late, and sometimes even write articles at night. It seems to him that all this is killing a person. When to live? He wonders.
Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolts
Based on the position of Ilya Ilyich, it is difficult to imagine that such an apathetic person could have real friends, but it turns out that this is not the case.
Such a true and selfless friend of Oblomov is Andrei Stolts.
The young people are connected by memories of the years spent in the boarding school, where they became friends. In addition, they share some character traits. For example, they have a good disposition, are open-hearted, honest and sincere.
Both Stolz and Oblomov love art, in particular music and singing. Their communication did not stop after the end of the boarding school.
From time to time Andrei pays visits to Oblomov. He bursts into his life like a hurricane, sweeping away his friend’s beloved Oblomovism on its way.
During his next visit, Stolz watches with puzzlement as his friend spends his days aimlessly and decides to radically reform his life. Of course, Ilya Ilyich does not like this state of affairs - his sofa way of life really impressed him, but he cannot refuse Stolz - Andrei has a unique degree of influence on Oblomov.
Oblomov appears in public places and over time notices that this way of life has its charms
Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya
One of the reasons to change my attitude was falling in love with Olga Ilyinskaya. An attractive and courteous girl attracted Oblomov’s attention and became the subject of a hitherto unknown feeling.
It is because of his love that Oblomov refuses to travel abroad - his romance gains momentum and captivates Ilya Ilyich with greater force.
Soon there followed a declaration of love, and then a marriage proposal, but the indecisive Oblomov, who cannot tolerate any, even the most insignificant changes, failed to complete the matter - his love fervor is tirelessly fading, because the role of a husband is too much for him drastic change. As a result, the lovers separate.
Falling in love with Agafya Pshenitsyna
The break in relations did not pass by the impressionable Oblomov, but he did not kill himself for a long time. Soon, somehow unnoticed by himself, he falls in love again. This time, the object of his charm was Agafya Pshenitsyna, the owner of the house Oblomov rented. Pshenitsyna was not a noble lady, so she was not aware of the generally accepted etiquette in aristocratic circles, and her requirements for Oblomov were extremely prosaic. Agafya was flattered by the attention to her person from such a noble man, and the rest was of little interest to this stupid and uneducated woman.
Thanks to Stolz, Oblomov did not need to think about his financial situation - Andrei managed to restore order to the family estate and Ilya Ilyich’s income increased significantly. This created another reason for carelessness and carelessness. Oblomov cannot marry Agafya - this would be unforgivable for an aristocrat, but he can well afford to live with Pshenitsyna as his wife. They have a son. The boy was named Andrei, in honor of Stolz. After the death of Ilya Ilyich, Stolz takes little Andrei to be raised by him.
Attitude towards servants
The life of an aristocrat is integrally connected with relationships with the people who serve him. Oblomov also has serfs. Most of them are located in Oblomovka, but not all. The servant Zakhar left Oblomovka at one time and followed his master. This choice of servant was predetermined for Ilya Ilyich. The fact is that Zakhar was assigned to Oblomov during Ilya’s childhood. Oblomov remembers him as still an active young man. In fact, Oblomov’s entire life is inextricably linked with Zakhar.
Time has aged the servant, making him like his master. Life in Oblomovka was not distinguished by liveliness and activity; further life only aggravated this state of affairs and turned Zakhar into an apathetic and lazy servant. Zakhar can safely snap at his owner - he is well aware that any comments addressed to him are a temporary phenomenon, and within a couple of hours Oblomov will forgive and forget everything. The point is not only the kindness of Ilya Ilyich, but also his indifference to the attributes of life - Oblomov feels comfortable in a dusty, poorly cleaned room. He doesn't care much about the quality of his lunch or dinner. Therefore, sometimes the complaints that arise become a fleeting phenomenon that can be ignored.
Ilya Ilyich is not biased towards his servants, he is kind and condescending towards them.
Features of farming
As the only heir of the Oblomovs, after the death of his parents, he had to take over the reins of the family estate. In Oblomov’s possession there was a decent estate of 300 souls. With an established system of work, the estate would generate significant income and ensure a comfortable existence. However, Oblomov, with all his apparent interest in improving things, is in no hurry to reform Oblomovka. The reason for this attitude is extremely simple - Ilya Ilyich is too lazy to delve into the essence of the matter and maintain the established order, and the road to Oblomovka is a completely impossible task for him.
Ilya Ilyich continually tries to shift this activity onto the shoulders of other people. As a rule, hired workers successfully take advantage of Oblomov’s trust and indifference and work not to enrich Ilya Ilyich, but to enrich their own pockets.
After the discovery of hidden frauds, Oblomov entrusts the affairs of the estate to Stolz, who also continues to deal with Oblomovka after the death of his friend, for the benefit of his son.
Thus, the main character of Goncharov’s novel of the same name is not without positive character traits. He definitely had the potential to develop his talents and abilities, but Ilya Ilyich did not use it. The result of his life was a time spent aimlessly, devoid of any progressive aspirations.
“Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharova
In 1859, I. A. Goncharov’s novel “” was published in the journal “Otechestvennye zapiski”. In terms of clarity of problems and conclusions, integrity and clarity of style, compositional completeness and harmony, the novel is the pinnacle of the writer’s creativity.
The main character of the novel, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, is sincere, gentle, and has not lost his precious moral quality - conscience. Already on the first page of this work, the author considered it necessary to draw the reader’s attention to the main feature of his hero: “The soul shone so openly and clearly in his eyes, in his smile, in every movement of his head and hands.” The novel is dedicated to the history of this living soul, in which, using the example of the life, from birth to death, of one of the many representatives of the Russian nobility, the author closely examines modern society in the moral, psychological, philosophical and social aspects of its existence. More than once I will hear praise for what in Oblomov is “more valuable than any mind: an honest, faithful heart!” Moreover, it turns out that the meeting with Oblomov gave “life lessons” to Olga Ilyinskaya, that Stolz returned to him in order to “in a lazy conversation take away and calm an anxious or tired soul...” that, finally, the very existence of Ilya Ilyich revealed the spiritual the wealth of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna: “... her life also became meaningful forever: now she knew why she lived and that she did not live in vain.”
But the tragic sound and content of the novel is determined by the fact that the hero himself, crushed by the oppression of the all-Russian “Oblomovism,” “quietly and gradually fit into the simple and wide coffin of the rest of his existence, made with his own hands, like the desert elders who, turning away from life, they are digging their own grave.”
Throughout the unhurried course of the narrative, the reader is encouraged to understand the causes and essence of the tragedy that occurred. A wide plot exposition paints a picture of the hero’s spiritual desolation. Oblomov does not forget about his position as a landowner and cannot free himself from class arrogance.
Oblomov’s doing nothing is not at all innocent. Of course, Ilya Ilyich lying on the sofa is more attractive than the annoying nonentities flashing before Oblomov. But Dobrolyubov remarked: “As long as he’s lying alone, that’s all right; and when Tarantyev, Zaterty, Ivan Matveyevich comes - brr! such disgusting muck begins around Oblomov. They eat him up, get him drunk, get him drunk... they ruin him in the name of the peasants... He endures everything in silence.” As if warning against possible enthusiasm for Oblomov’s positive qualities, Dobrolyubov concludes: “No, you can’t flatter the living like that, but we are still alive, we are still Oblomovs. Oblomovism never left us.”
In the novel, Oblomov is contrasted with Andrei Stolts. Initially, the writer thought of him as a positive hero. The author dreamed that over time many “Stoltsevs will appear under Russian names.” He tried to combine in Stolz German hard work, prudence and punctuality with Russian dreaminess and gentleness, with philosophical thoughts about the high destiny of man. But it didn't work out. Stolz is not a positive hero of the novel. His activities sometimes resemble the worthless bustle of Petrov and Sudbinsky from Oblomov’s St. Petersburg circle. His practicality is far from high ideals. In Stolz, the mind prevails over the heart. Unlike Oblomov, he is an energetic, active person. But as the novel develops, the reader becomes convinced that Stolz does not have any broad ideals, that his practice is aimed at personal well-being and bourgeois comfort.
The main plot situation in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. Here Goncharov follows a path that had by that time become traditional in Russian literature: testing a person’s values through his intimate feelings, his passions. At one time, Chernyshevsky wrote about how, through the moral weakness of a person who is unable to respond to a strong feeling of love, his social failure is revealed. “Oblomov” does not oppose this conclusion, but reinforces it even more. Olga Ilyinskaya is characterized by harmony of mind, heart, will, and active goodness. The inability for Oblomov to understand and accept this high moral standard of life turns into an inexorable sentence for him as an individual. The novel so poetizes Ilya Ilyich’s sudden feeling of love, fortunately mutual, that hope may arise: Oblomov will be reborn as a person to the fullest. The hero's inner life began to move. Love discovered in him the properties of spontaneity, which then resulted in a strong emotional impulse, into passion.
Along with his feelings for Olga, Oblomov awakens an active interest in spiritual life, in art, and in the mental demands of the time. But Ilya Ilyich is far from Olga’s naturalness, free from many everyday considerations, extraneous and hostile to the feeling of love. Oblomov’s feeling of love for Olga was a short-term flash. Oblomov’s illusions on this score are quickly dispelled. The gap between them is natural: their natures are too different. More expensive than romantic dates for Oblomov was the thirst for a serene, sleepy state. “A man sleeps serenely” - this is how Ilya Ilyich sees the ideal of existence.
Ilya Ilyich’s life in Pshenitsyna’s house turned out to be short, abnormal, and unhealthy. Oblomov began to quickly walk towards his eternal sleep - death. So Goncharov pronounced his verdict on Oblomov’s ideal.
After its publication, the novel became the subject of active critical attention. In the article “What is Oblomovism?” N.A. Dobrolyubov wrote that Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is “our indigenous folk type,” symbolizing laziness, inaction and stagnation of the entire feudal system of relations. He is the last in a row of “superfluous people” - the Onegins, Pechorins, Beltovs and Rudins. In Oblomov, the typical complex of the “superfluous person” is brought to a paradox, to its logical end, beyond which is the disintegration and death of a person. Goncharov, according to Dobrolyubov, reveals the roots of Oblomov’s inaction more deeply than all his predecessors.
“It is clear that Oblomov is not a stupid, apathetic person. But the vile habit of receiving satisfaction of his desires not from his own efforts, but from others, developed in him an apathetic immobility and plunged him into a pitiful state of moral slavery. This slavery is so intertwined with Oblomov’s lordship, so they mutually penetrate each other and are determined by one another, that it seems there is not the slightest possibility of drawing any kind of boundary between them... He is the slave of his serf Zakhar, and it is difficult to decide which of them is more subject to the authority of the other. At least, what Zakhar doesn’t want, Ilya Ilyich cannot force him to do, and what Zakhar wants, he will do against the master’s will, and the master will submit...”
Therefore, the servant Zakhar, in a certain sense, is a “master” over his master: Oblomov’s complete dependence on him makes it possible for Zakhar to sleep peacefully on his couch. Ilya Ilyich’s ideal of existence—“idleness and peace”—is also Zakhar’s dream. They are both children of Oblomovka.
L.N. Tolstoy wrote: “Oblomov” is a capital thing, which has not happened for a long, long time... But what is more pleasant... is that Oblomov’s success is not accidental, not miserably, but healthy, capital and non-temporary in real audience." There was something eternal in this novel, having a high spiritual and universal meaning. It is no coincidence that he immediately aroused in readers the need to talk about such concepts as nationality, about the problems of good and evil in their confrontation, about traditions and origins, about “mind” and “heart”.
I.S. Turgenev was right when he said: “... as long as there is at least one Russian left, Oblomov will be remembered.”