Laboratory work “Punctuation marks in a complex sentence. Summer residents

Oh, what a harsh, what a long winter!

Since Christmas there was no bread of our own, and we bought flour. Kiryak, who now lived at home, made noise in the evenings, terrifying everyone, and in the mornings he suffered from headaches and shame, and it was a pity to look at him. In the barn, day and night, the mooing of a hungry cow could be heard, tearing the souls of the grandmother and Marya. And, as luck would have it, the frosts were bitter all the time, high snowdrifts piled up; and the winter dragged on: a real winter blizzard blew in on Annunciation, and snow fell on Holy Day.

But, be that as it may, winter is over. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, winter did not give way, but one warm day finally overcame it - and the streams flowed and the birds began to sing. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters, and between Zhukov and the other side the entire space was completely occupied by a huge bay, on which wild ducks fluttered here and there in flocks. The spring sunset, fiery, with lush clouds, every evening gave something extraordinary, new, incredible, exactly the same thing that you don’t believe later when you see the same colors and the same clouds in the picture.

The cranes flew quickly and quickly and screamed sadly, as if they were calling them to come with them. Standing on the edge of the cliff, Olga looked for a long time at the flood, at the sun, at the bright, as if rejuvenated church, and tears flowed from her, and her breath was taken away because she passionately wanted to go somewhere where her eyes were looking, even to the ends of the world. And it was already decided that she would go back to Moscow, to become a maid, and Kiryak would go with her to work as a janitor or something. Oh, I wish I could leave soon!

When it dried out and became warm, we got ready to set off. Olga and Sasha, with knapsacks on their backs, both in bast shoes, came out at first light; Marya also came out to see them off. Kiryak was unwell and stayed at home for another week. Olga in last time she prayed at the church, thinking about her husband, and did not cry, only her face wrinkled and became ugly, like an old woman’s. Over the winter she lost weight, became dull, turned a little grey, and instead of her former prettiness and pleasant smile, she had on her face a submissive, sad expression of the grief she had experienced, and there was already something dull and motionless in her gaze, as if she had not heard. She was sorry to leave the village and the men. She recalled how they carried Nicholas and ordered a memorial service near each hut and how everyone cried, sympathizing with her grief. During the summer and winter there were hours and days when it seemed that these people lived worse than cattle, it was scary to live with them; they are rude, dishonest, dirty, drunk, do not live in harmony, constantly quarrel because they do not respect, fear and suspect each other. Who runs the tavern and gets people drunk? Man. Who wastes and drinks away worldly, school, and church money? Man. Who stole from a neighbor, set it on fire, and falsely testified in court for a bottle of vodka? Who is the first to speak out against the peasants in zemstvo and other meetings? Man. Yes, it was scary to live with them, but still they are people, they suffer and cry like people, and there is nothing in their lives that cannot be justified. Hard work, from which the whole body hurts at night, cruel winters, meager harvests, cramped conditions, but there is no help, and nowhere to wait for it. Those who are richer and stronger than them cannot help, since they themselves are rude, dishonest, drunk and they themselves scold just as disgustingly; the smallest official or clerk treats the peasants as if they were tramps, and even says “you” to elders and churchwardens and thinks that he has the right to do so.

Current page: 3 (book has 3 pages in total)

The parish church was six miles away, in Kosogorovo, and people visited it only when needed, when it was necessary to baptize, get married, or have a funeral service; They went across the river to pray. On holidays, in good weather, the girls dressed up and left in a crowd for mass, and it was fun to watch how they walked across the meadow in their red, yellow and green dresses; in bad weather everyone stayed at home. They celebrated in the parish. From those who did not have time to respond during Lent, the priest, walking around the huts with a cross, took 15 kopecks on Holy Day.

The old man did not believe in God because he almost never thought about him; he recognized the supernatural, but thought that this could only concern women, and when they talked in his presence about religion or the miraculous and asked him some question, he said reluctantly, scratching himself:

- Who knows!

Grandma believed, but somehow dimly; everything was jumbled up in her memory, and as soon as she began to think about sins, about death, about the salvation of her soul, how need and worries intercepted her thoughts, and she immediately forgot what she was thinking about. She did not remember the prayers and usually in the evenings, when she went to bed, she stood in front of the images and whispered:

– Our Lady of Kazan, Our Lady of Smolensk, Our Lady of Three Hands...

Marya and Thekla were baptized, fasted every year, but did not understand anything. The children were not taught to pray, they were not told anything about God, they were not taught any rules, and they were only forbidden to eat fasting foods. In other families it was almost the same: few believed, few understood. At the same time everyone loved Holy Bible, they loved tenderly, reverently, but there were no books, there was no one to read or explain, and because Olga sometimes read the Gospel, she was respected and everyone said “you” to her and Sasha.

Olga often went to church holidays and prayer services in neighboring villages and county town, which had two monasteries and twenty-seven churches. She was absent-minded and, while she went on pilgrimage, completely forgot about her family, and only when she returned home did she suddenly make the joyful discovery that she had a husband and daughter, and then she said, smiling and beaming:

- God sent mercy!

What was happening in the village seemed disgusting to her and tormented her. They drank on Elijah, they drank on the Assumption, they drank on the Exaltation. On Pokrov there was a parish holiday in Zhukov, and the men drank for three days on this occasion; They drank 50 rubles of public money and then collected more from all the yards for vodka. On the first day, the Chikildeevs slaughtered a sheep and ate it in the morning, at lunch and in the evening, they ate a lot, and then at night the children got up to eat. Kiryak was terribly drunk all three days, drank everything, even his hat and boots, and beat Marya so much that she was doused with water. And then everyone was ashamed and sick.

However, in Zhukov, in this Kholuevka, a real religious celebration took place. This was in August, when the Life-Giving One was carried throughout the entire district, from village to village. On the day they expected her in Zhukov, it was quiet and cloudy. Early in the morning the girls set out to meet the icon in their bright elegant dresses and they brought it in the evening, with procession, with singing, and at this time they rang across the river. A huge crowd of friends and strangers blocked the street; noise, dust, crush... And the old man, and the grandmother, and Kiryak - all stretched out their hands to the icon, looked at it greedily and said, crying:

- Intercessor, mother! Intercessor!

It was as if everyone suddenly realized that there was something between earth and heaven, that not everything had been captured by the rich and powerful, that there was still protection from insults, from slave bondage, from grave, unbearable need, from terrible vodka.

- Intercessor, mother! - Marya sobbed. - Mother!

But they served a prayer service, took away the icon, and everything went as before, and again rude, drunken voices were heard from the tavern.

Only rich men were afraid of death, who, the more rich they became, the less they believed in God and in the salvation of their souls, and only out of fear of the end of the earth, just in case, lit candles and served prayer services. The poorer men were not afraid of death. The old man and the grandmother were told straight to their faces that they had healed, that it was time for them to die, and they didn’t mind. They did not hesitate to say in the presence of Nikolai Fekle that when Nikolai died, her husband, Denis, would get a benefit - they would be returned home from service. And Marya not only was not afraid of death, but even regretted that it had not come for so long, and was glad when her children died.

They were not afraid of death, but they treated all diseases with exaggerated fear. It was enough to have a trifle - an upset stomach, a slight chill, but the grandmother would already lie down on the stove, wrap herself up and begin to moan loudly and continuously: “I’m dying!” The old man hurried after the priest, and the grandmother was given communion and unction. Very often they talked about colds, about worms, about nodules that move in the stomach and roll up to the heart. Most of all they were afraid of colds and therefore, even in the summer, they dressed warmly and warmed themselves on the stove. Grandma loved to be treated and often went to the hospital, where she said that she was not seventy, but fifty-eight years old; she believed that if the doctor found out her real age, he would not treat her and would say that she should die rather than be treated. She usually left for the hospital early in the morning, taking two or three girls with her, and returned in the evening, hungry and angry, with drops for herself and ointments for the girls. Once she also took Nikolai, who then took drops for two weeks and said that he felt better.

Grandma knew all the doctors, paramedics and healers for thirty miles around, and she didn’t like any of them. On Pokrov, when the priest walked around the hut with the cross, the sexton told her that in the city near the prison there lived an old man, a former military paramedic, who treated very well, and advised her to turn to him. Grandma obeyed. When the first snow fell, she went to the city and brought an old man, a bearded, long-haired cross, whose whole face was covered with blue veins. Just at this time, day laborers were working in the hut: an old tailor with scary glasses was cutting a vest from rags, and two young guys were felting felt boots from wool; Kiryak, who had been fired for drunkenness and now lived at home, sat next to the tailor and repaired the clamp. And the hut was cramped, stuffy and stinking. Vykrest examined Nikolai and said that it was necessary to supply the cans.

He put the jars, and the old tailor, Kiryak and the girls stood and watched, and it seemed to them that they saw how the disease was leaving Nikolai. And Nikolai also watched as the jars, sucked to his chest, were little by little filled with dark blood, and felt that something really seemed to be coming out of him, and he smiled with pleasure.

“It’s good,” said the tailor. - God grant that it will be useful.

Cross put twelve cans and then twelve more, drank some tea and left. Nikolai began to tremble; his face became haggard and, as the women said, clenched into a fist; fingers turned blue. He wrapped himself in a blanket and a sheepskin coat, but it was getting colder. By evening he felt sad; he asked to be laid on the floor, asked that the tailor not smoke, then he calmed down under the sheepskin coat and died by morning.

Oh, what a harsh, what a long winter!

But, be that as it may, winter is over. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, winter did not give way, but one warm day finally overcame it - and the streams flowed and the birds began to sing. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters, and between Zhukov and the other side the entire space was completely occupied by a huge bay, on which flocks of wild ducks fluttered here and there. The spring sunset, fiery, with lush clouds, every evening gave something extraordinary, new, incredible, exactly the same thing that you don’t believe later when you see the same colors and the same clouds in the picture.

When it dried out and became warm, we got ready to set off. Olga and Sasha, with knapsacks on their backs, both in bast shoes, came out at first light; Marya also came out to see them off. Kiryak was unwell and stayed at home for another week. Olga prayed for the last time in church, thinking about her husband, and did not cry, only her face wrinkled and became ugly, like an old woman’s. Over the winter she lost weight, became dull, turned a little grey, and instead of her former prettiness and pleasant smile, she had on her face a submissive, sad expression of the grief she had experienced, and there was already something dull and motionless in her gaze, as if she had not heard. She was sorry to leave the village and the men. She recalled how they carried Nicholas and ordered a memorial service near each hut and how everyone cried, sympathizing with her grief. During the summer and winter there were hours and days when it seemed that these people lived worse than cattle, it was scary to live with them; they are rude, dishonest, dirty, drunk, do not live in harmony, constantly quarrel because they do not respect, fear and suspect each other. Who runs the tavern and gets people drunk? Man. Who wastes and drinks away worldly, school, and church money? Man. Who stole from a neighbor, set it on fire, and falsely testified in court for a bottle of vodka? Who is the first to speak out against the peasants in zemstvo and other meetings? Man. Yes, it was scary to live with them, but still they are people, they suffer and cry like people, and there is nothing in their lives that cannot be justified. Hard work, from which the whole body hurts at night, cruel winters, meager harvests, cramped conditions, but there is no help, and nowhere to wait for it. Those who are richer and stronger than them cannot help, since they themselves are rude, dishonest, drunk and they themselves scold just as disgustingly; the smallest official or clerk treats the peasants as if they were tramps, and even says “you” to elders and churchwardens and thinks that he has the right to do so. Yes and can there be any help or good example from selfish, greedy, depraved, lazy people who come to the village only to insult, rob, and scare? Olga remembered what a pitiful, humiliated look the old people had when in the winter they took Kiryak to punish him with rods... And now she felt sorry for all these people, it hurt, and while she walked, she kept looking back at the huts.

Having walked about three miles, Marya said goodbye, then knelt down and began to wail, dropping her face to the ground:

“Again I’m left alone, my poor little head, my poor, unfortunate...

The sun rose high and it became hot. Zhukovo is left far behind. They were eager to go, Olga and Sasha soon forgot about both the village and Marya, they were having fun, and everything entertained them. Either a mound, or a row of telegraph poles, which one after another go to God knows where, disappearing on the horizon, and the wires hum mysteriously; then you can see a farm in the distance, all in greenery, sipping from it with moisture and hemp, and for some reason it seems that people live there happy people; then a horse skeleton, whitening alone in a field. And the larks cry restlessly, the quails call to each other; and the puller screams as if someone were actually pulling an old iron bracket.

At noon Olga and Sasha came to a large village. Here, on a wide street, they met General Zhukov’s cook, an old man. He was hot, and his sweaty, red bald head shone in the sun. He and Olga did not recognize each other, then they looked back at the same time, recognized each other and, without saying a word, went on each their own way. Stopping near the hut, which seemed richer and newer, in front of open windows, Olga bowed and said in a loud, thin, melodious voice:

- Orthodox Christians, give alms for Christ's sake, that your mercy, to your parents the kingdom of heaven, eternal peace.

“Orthodox Christians,” Sasha sang, “for Christ’s sake, grant your mercy, the kingdom of heaven...”

...

“Oh, what a harsh, what a long winter!...But, be that as it may, the winter is over. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, winter did not give way, but one warm day finally overcame it - and the streams flowed, the birds began to sing... The spring sunset gave, fiery, with lush clouds, gave something extraordinary, new, incredible... The cranes flew quickly and quickly and screamed sadly, as if they were calling with them... it took your breath away because you passionately wanted to go somewhere where your eyes were looking, even to the ends of the earth."

“When I woke up today, got up, washed my face, it suddenly began to seem to me that everything in this world had become clear to me, and I know how to live... A person must work, work by the sweat of his brow, no matter who he is, and in this alone lies the meaning and purpose of his life.”

“A man is skipping along the street of the capital. His movements are cheerful and lively; his eyes are shining, his lips are grinning, his tender face is pleasantly red... He is all contentment and joy. What happened to him? Did he get an inheritance? Has he been promoted? Is he in a hurry for a love date? Or did he just have a good breakfast?...No. He..." "...a worker who dumped the last cart of manure..., steamy, pleasantly smelling manure from the barnyard."

« Laborer. Why are you bothering us? What do you want? You are not ours...Go away!

Beloruchka. I am yours, brothers!

Laborer. No matter how it is! Our! What did you make up? Look at my hands. Do you see how dirty they are? And they smell like manure and tar - and your hands over there are white. And what do they smell like?” [ 5 ]

The village suffering is in full swing...

Share you! - Russian female share!

It couldn't be more difficult to find...

The heat is unbearable: the plain is treeless,

Fields, mowing and the expanse of heaven -

The sun is beating down mercilessly.

The poor woman is exhausted,

A column of insects sways above her,

It stings, tickles, buzzes![ 6 ]

“Of course, a random passer-by, looking at my rose, will say that it is exactly the same as you. But she alone is dearer to me than all of you. After all, it was her, not you, that I watered every day. He covered her, not you, with a glass cover. He blocked it with a screen, protecting it from the wind. I killed caterpillars for her.”[ 7 ]

“When I work for a long time, tirelessly, then my thoughts are lighter, and it seems as if I also know why I exist. And how many people, brother, are there in Russia who exist for no one knows why.”

“In the evening, when we were drinking tea, the cook brought a full plate of gooseberries to the table. These were not purchased, but my own gooseberries, collected for the first time since the bushes were planted. Nikolai Ivanovich laughed and looked at the gooseberries for a minute, silently, with tears - he could not speak from excitement - then he put one berry in his mouth... and said: “How delicious!”[ 9 ]

Autumn. Our whole poor garden is crumbling,
Yellowed leaves are flying in the wind;
They only show off in the distance, there at the bottom of the valleys,
Brushes of bright red withering rowan trees.

“Not a star in the sky, not a light on the earth... But suddenly somewhere in the distance a plaintive sound arose and, gradually intensifying and approaching, rang with a human voice and, lowering and dying, rushed past. "Goodbye! Goodbye! Goodbye!" – it seemed to me in his freezing. Oh! This is all my past, all my happiness, everything, everything, everything that I cherished and loved was forever and irrevocably said goodbye to me!” " Lopakhin. Until spring."

Ultimately, Chekhov had to remove one chapter, in which there was a conversation between men about religion and power, he wrote about this in 1900 to the critic Fyodor Batyushkov. This chapter was no longer included in the journal or in the subsequent collected works, and has never been found.

Anton Chekhov. Guys
(Excerpt)

...Since Christmas we didn’t have our own bread and bought flour. Kiryak, who now lived at home, made noise in the evenings, terrifying everyone, and in the mornings he suffered from headaches and shame, and it was a pity to look at him. In the barn, day and night, the mooing of a hungry cow could be heard, tearing the souls of the grandmother and Marya. And, as luck would have it, the frosts were bitter all the time, high snowdrifts piled up; and the winter dragged on: a real winter blizzard blew in on Annunciation, and snow fell on Holy Day.

But, be that as it may, winter is over. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, winter was not giving way, but one warm day finally overcame it - and the streams flowed and the birds began to sing. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters, and between Zhukov and the other side the entire space was already completely occupied by a huge bay, on which wild ducks fluttered here and there in flocks. The spring sunset, fiery, with lush clouds, every evening gave something extraordinary, new, incredible, exactly the same thing that you don’t believe later when you see the same colors and the same clouds in the picture.

The cranes flew quickly and quickly and screamed sadly, as if they were calling them to come with them. Standing on the edge of the cliff, Olga looked for a long time at the flood, at the sun, at the bright, as if rejuvenated church, and tears flowed from her and her breath was taken away because she passionately wanted to go somewhere where her eyes were looking, even to the ends of the world. And it was already decided that she would go back to Moscow, to become a maid, and Kiryak would go with her to work as a janitor or something. Oh, I wish I could leave soon!

When it dried out and became warm, we got ready to set off. Olga and Sasha, with knapsacks on their backs, both in bast shoes, came out at first light; Marya also came out to see them off. Kiryak was unwell and stayed at home for another week. Olga prayed for the last time in church, thinking about her husband, and did not cry, only her face wrinkled and became ugly, like an old woman’s. Over the winter she lost weight, became dull, turned a little grey, and instead of her former prettiness and pleasant smile, she had on her face a submissive, sad expression of the grief she had experienced, and there was already something dull and motionless in her gaze, as if she had not heard. She was sorry to leave the village and the men. She recalled how they carried Nicholas and ordered a memorial service near each hut and how everyone cried, sympathizing with her grief. During the summer and winter there were hours and days when it seemed that these people lived worse than cattle, it was scary to live with them; they are rude, dishonest, dirty, drunk, do not live in harmony, constantly quarrel because they do not respect, fear and suspect each other. Who runs the tavern and gets people drunk? Man. Who wastes and drinks away worldly, school, and church money? Man. Who stole from a neighbor, set it on fire, and falsely testified in court for a bottle of vodka? Who is the first to speak out against the peasants in zemstvo and other meetings? Man. Yes, it was scary to live with them, but still they are people, they suffer and cry like people, and there is nothing in their lives that cannot be justified. Hard work, from which the whole body hurts at night, cruel winters, meager harvests, cramped conditions, but there is no help and nowhere to wait for it. Those who are richer and stronger than them cannot help, since they themselves are rude, dishonest, drunk and they themselves scold just as disgustingly; the smallest official or clerk treats the peasants like tramps, and even says “you” to elders and church elders and thinks that he has the right to do so. And can there be any help or a good example from selfish, greedy, depraved, lazy people who come to the village only to insult, rob, and scare? Olga remembered what a pitiful, humiliated look the old people had when in the winter they took Kiryak to punish him with rods... And now she felt sorry for all these people, it hurt, and while she walked, she kept looking back at the huts...

Laboratory work on the Russian language in 9th grade

on the topic “Punctuation marks in a complex sentence”

Goal: developing practical skills in placing punctuation marks in a complex sentence

General task for texts

1. Read the text expressively.

2. Determine the topic and main idea of the text.

3. Define the BSC, name the main features of the BSC (the simple sentences included in its composition are equal in meaning and are connected by coordinating conjunctions).

4. Find compound sentences in the text (SSP), highlight the grammatical basis and prove that these are SSP.

5.Indicate the semantic relationships between simple sentences as part of a complex sentence.

6.Do parsing one BSC, build a diagram.

Text 1

The first post-war spring on the Don was unusually friendly. At the end of March, warm winds blew, and within two days the sands of the left bank were completely exposed. In the steppe, having broken the ice, the rivers began to rush wildly, and the roads became almost impassable. During this bad time of no roads, I had to go to a neighboring village. A pair of horses could barely pull the heavy chaise. The wheels sank into the sand mixed with snow, and where it was especially difficult for the horses, we got off the chaise and walked, with difficulty pulling our feet out of the well-worn rut. There was still ice on the sides of the road, glistening in the sun, and it was even more difficult to get through there. Finally we reached the river crossing. The farm was located to the side, and there was silence near the pier. The water smelled of dampness, and from the steppes, drowned in a lilac-gray haze of fog, a light breeze carried the eternally youthful aroma of land recently freed from under the snow. (M. Sholokhov.)

Sample answer:

At the end of March, warm winds blew, and after two days the sands of the left bank were completely exposed - this is SSP, since the first grammatical basis - the winds blew, the second - the sands were exposed. The parts are connected by a connecting union and semantic relations of sequence.

Narrative, non-exclamative, consisting of two parts connected by the conjunction and. 1 part is two-part, common, complete, uncomplicated; 2 part is two-part, common, complete, uncomplicated.

Group assignments

1.Using the SSP, complete the description of the hero’s appearance.

2.Explain the placement of punctuation marks in adverbial phrases.

3. Determine the types of simple sentences by completeness grammatical basis, included in the BSC.

Text 2 (without punctuation) (for group)

But winter soon ended. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, the winter did not give way, but one warm day finally overpowered and birds began to sing in the streams. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters and between Zhukov and the other side the entire space was completely flooded by a huge bay on which there and wild ducks fluttered here and there. The fiery spring sunset with lush clouds gave something new and incredible every day. (A.P. Chekhov)

Group assignments

1.Find complicated simple sentences first. (Spring sunset, fiery, with lush clouds, every day gave something extraordinary, new, incredible)

2.Replace complex sentences with simple ones, has the text changed?

But winter soon ended. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights. Winter did not give way. But one warm day finally overpowered me. Streams began to flow. The birds began to sing. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters. The text is simplified and impoverished, imagery is lost.

3. Convert simple sentences into BSC. Do you think this is appropriate?1-But soon the winter ended, and the warmth began to creep in. I believe that an impersonal sentence fits well into the semantic and syntactic structure of the text, which cannot be said about a complicated one. simple sentence in case of processing it into BSC, since the use of only complex constructions “clutters up” the text.

4. Underline the spellings that are difficult for you.

5. Place punctuation marks to justify your choice.

But winter soon ended. At the beginning of April there were warm days and frosty nights, winter did not give way, but one warm day finally overcame it - and the streams flowed, the birds began to sing. I put commas, because... This difficult sentence, consisting of 5 simple ones, equal in meaning. Introductory word Finally, I also highlight it with a comma. A dash indicates a quick change of action. The entire meadow and bushes near the river drowned in the spring waters, and between Zhukov and the other side the entire space was completely flooded by a huge bay, on which wild ducks fluttered here and there. SPP. The spring sunset, fiery, with lush clouds, gave something unusual, new, incredible every day. Separate definitions, coming after the word being defined, require commas just like homogeneous definitions extraordinary, new, incredible

6.Make up SSP proposal on this topic, simple ones in which will not be separated by punctuation marks.

In the mornings, the bushes and last year’s grass were still silvery with frost, and the puddles were covered with ice as thin as glass.

In the raspberry thickets at the edge of the forest one could hear the singing of birds and the loud hooting of children.

The sun shone through the rain and a rainbow spread from edge to edge.

Working with the class

1.Expressive reading of text

2.Listening to answers in groups

3.Filling out self-assessment sheets

References:

1 . Lecture notes.

2. Khabarova A.S. "Conducting laboratory work in Russian language lessons in the 11th grade."

3. Khamraeva E.A. “Russian language for bilingual children: theory and practice.”

4. Buraeva N.N. “The role of laboratory work in the Russian language in the formation of linguistic thinking among high school students.”