The letter ь in Russian. Alphabet letter numbers
b, soft sign, the thirtieth letter of the Russian alphabet. The style goes back to the letter (“er”) in the Cyrillic alphabet. In the Glagolitic alphabet it corresponded to the letter (Ⱐ). It had no digital meaning in the Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabet. In modern writing there is no sound. It is written:
1) at the end of words and before consonants, indicating the softness of the preceding consonants (“shoal”, “darkness”);
2) how it will be divided. a sign before the letters e, e, i, yu, i (“linen”, “streams”, “blizzard”, “guest”), in borrowed words and before “o” (“companion”);
3) is an indicator of grammatical forms (3rd declension of nouns - “lie”, “mouse”, imperative form of the verb - “cut”, “cut”, indefinite form of verbs starting with “h” - “lie down”, “take care”, 2 th person singular verbs - “read”, “laugh”).
Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
b- the twenty-ninth letter of the Russian alphabet, dating back to the Old Slavonic (ancient Bulgarian) Cyrillic, one of the new signs of the Slavic alphabet, which were absent in the Greek alphabet and invented by inventors Slavic writing to express special Slavic sounds alien to the Greek sound system. The pronunciation of the ancient and its fate in individual Slavic languages have much in common with the pronunciation and history of the ancient (see Er). Like this latter, Old Slavonic, going back to the identical Proto-Slavic sound, it was a short, unclear, in common terminology “voiceless” vowel, similar to that vowel, which takes the place of our unstressed e And And in words like helipad, to blame or shore, walks, i.e. palatal, or palatal, “gliding sound” (English glide, German Gleitlaut). The origins of Proto-Slavic are varied. Its most common source is the Indo-European short ĭ (cf. Sanskrit agni-, Staroslav. fire, lat. linum, starosl. flax). Besides, b it turned out: 1) from Lithuanian-Slavic ĭ, which developed before the Indo-European syllabic ŗ ļ ņ m (smooth and nasal “sonants”): Sansk. Mrtis, lit. mirtis, Proto-Slavic and Old Russian to die, Old Slavonic die, die; lit. tìles = the bottom of the boat, Staroslav. darkness- foundation (Russian) to the ground); lit. minù, Staroslav. (Russian) crumple); lit. imù, imtì, Staroslav. etc.; 2) from Indo-European. short ĕ without an accent on it: Skt. race-cattle, domestic animal, lat. pecus, pecu cattle, staroslav. ps(cf. Russian accent dog, dog, plural number dogs etc.). Some scientists suggest that it was pronounced as a short ĭ, but the fate of Proto-Slavic in certain Slavic languages speaks in favor of its wider pronunciation, for in Russian, Polish, Czech, Lusatian and some Slovinian dialects it is in certain conditions (in closed syllables, and in Russian - and in open ones, after several consonants) gave e(old school) day, p Russian day, Polish dzień, V. Lusatian dźeń, N. Lusatian źeń, Czech and Slovinian dialect den; Old Church Slavonic thank you, Russian a tear) in Serbian and in most Slovinian dialects - a(Serbian and word dan). Like ъ, b disappeared in open syllables, and first of all at the end of words; Moreover, in Russian, Polish and Lusatian, in most cases it retained the softness of the preceding consonant (see above, Starosl. day and its correspondence in individual Slavic languages). Exceptions are explained by the later hardening of some consonants (for example, Russian. true from rub, rub from tlo, female from zhensk, losh = lie, t"ish = hush, at"ets = father, old man father etc.). On the basis of Russian writing, the use arose from here b as a so-called "soft sign", what is the meaning b had at the end of words, probably already in the most ancient Old Slavonic monuments of the 11th century. (the disappearance of the finite under similar conditions, as in , occurred even earlier - in the 10th century). Softness of the preceding consonant b denotes also within words, for example. V blood= blood"ju, I drink= p"ju, only =really etc. Before letters e, p, yu, i letter b equivalent to Latin j: drinks = njom, Daria = gift"je, drink = p"jy, Daria = gift "ja etc. In addition, b has in modern Russian spelling and symbolic meaning, denoting the feminine gender in words like night(coincides with the actual softness of the consonant), game(Same), silence(sounds: t"ish), lie(sounds: Losh), and 2nd person unit. numbers - in forms like you go, you burn(sounds: id"osh, gar"ish). Like ъ, sign b could, without any damage to the accuracy and clarity of pronunciation, be omitted in a number of cases where it does not have any phonetic meaning, for example. V night, hush, go, lie instead of the usual night, quiet, walking, lie. Attempts in this direction have already been made, but without much success (for their history, see Grotto, " Controversial issues Russian spelling from Peter the Great to the present day"). Skip b in ancient monuments, like a pass ъ, was indicated by a special superscript, like an apostrophe " - the so-called park. Ancient name b - er - is now giving way to an increasingly new term "soft sign", which owes its origin to the sound method of teaching reading and writing. Digital value sign b, like a number of other new signs that did not have Greek prototypes, it was not found either in the Cyrillic or Glagolitic alphabet.
Encyclopedic Dictionary. Brockhaus and Efron.
Az is the initial letter Slavic alphabet, which denotes the pronoun I. However, its root meaning is the word “initially”, “begin” or “beginning”, although in everyday life the Slavs most often used Az in the context of a pronoun. Nevertheless, in some Old Slavonic letters one can find Az, which meant “one”, for example, “I’ll go to Vladimir”. Or "start with the basics" meant "start from the beginning". Thus, the Slavs denoted with the beginning of the alphabet the entire philosophical meaning of existence, where without beginning there is no end, without darkness there is no light, and without good there is no evil. At the same time, the main emphasis in this is placed on the duality of the structure of the world.
Actually, the alphabet itself is built on the principle of duality, where it is conventionally divided into two parts: higher and lower, positive and negative, the part located at the beginning and the part that is at the end. In addition, do not forget that Az has numeric value, which is expressed by the number 1. Among the ancient Slavs, the number 1 was the beginning of everything beautiful. Today, studying Slavic numerology, we can say that the Slavs, like other peoples, divided all numbers into even and odd. Moreover, odd numbers were the embodiment of everything positive, good and bright. Even numbers, in turn, represented darkness and evil. At the same time, the unit was considered the beginning of all beginnings and was highly revered Slavic tribes. From the point of view of erotic numerology, it is believed that 1 represents the phallic symbol from which procreation begins. This number has several synonyms: 1 is one, 1 is one, 1 is times.
Gods(b), which was later replaced by Buki. This initial letter does not have a numerical value, since there can be many Gods. The image of this initial letter: a set that is superior to a form that prevails over something. There is a concept, and this prevails over it.
BA (remember the exclamation “Bah - all the faces are familiar!” – “superior (b) to the original (a), i.e. above". Therefore, the expression “ba” sounds in an amazing form. The person is surprised: how is this?! Here there is something, and something else appeared on top of what existed in the beginning and on top of it.
BA-BA (coordinate with the same form). Here A influences B, i.e. human (a) to something (b); they were surprised, but at the same time the divine (b) began to influence the human (a), and again the image changed, surprised by something. Namely, Divine creation, which surprisingly revealed a new plural with the addition of a single. Therefore, Baba: what produced, in addition to what we have, a new, same Divine form of life. And in the opposite direction: abab is the divine source of human multiplication. They say that a woman will grow up and become a “woman” when she gives birth to a successor to the family, i.e. boy. If she gave birth to a girl, she was called a pullet. But these forms also exist in other languages.
BA-B – the divine (multiple) is collected through the divine, and the single source (a) is located between two coordinating systems. "A" in in this case is a transition point, a gate. The Assyrians called the city where the gate of God was Babel, Babylon.
Shortened form of writing: B. – "predominant, greater". Example: constellation Ursa Major. But since there is more, it means that there is also something less. Such forms are embedded in our ancestral memory and anyone can understand them, no matter where they live. Because all this comes from a single proto-language. Since a set cannot be specified, the letter “B” has no numerical value.
Lead– the most interesting letter Old Church Slavonic alphabet, which has a numerical value of 2. This letter has several meanings: to know, to know and to own. Meaning implies intimate knowledge, knowledge as the highest divine gift. If you put Az, Buki and Vedi into one phrase, you will get a phrase that means “I will know!” . Thus, a person who discovers the alphabet he created will subsequently have some kind of knowledge. The numerical load of this letter is no less important. After all, 2 - deuce, two, pair were not just numbers among the Slavs, they took an active part in magical rituals and in general were symbols of the duality of everything earthly and heavenly.
The number 2 among the Slavs meant the unity of heaven and earth, the duality of human nature, good and evil, etc. In a word, the deuce was a symbol of the confrontation between two sides, heavenly and earthly balance. Moreover, it is worth noting that the Slavs considered two to be a devilish number and attributed a lot of negative properties to it, believing that it was two that opened the numerical series of negative numbers that bring death to a person. That is why the birth of twins in Old Slavonic families was considered a bad sign, which brought illness and misfortune to the family. In addition, the Slavs considered it a bad sign for two people to rock a cradle, for two people to dry themselves with the same towel, and generally to perform any action together. Despite such a negative attitude towards the number 2, the Slavs recognized it magical power. For example, many banishing rituals evil spirits were carried out using two identical objects or with the participation of twins.
Verb– a letter whose meaning is the performance of some action or the pronunciation of speech. Synonyms of the letter-word Verb are: verb, speak, conversation, speech, and in some contexts the word verb was used in the meaning of “write”. For example, the phrase “May he give us the verb and the word and the thought and the action” means that “rational speech gives us words, thoughts, and actions”. The verb was always used only in a positive context, and its numerical value was the number 3 - three. Three or triad, as our ancestors often called it, was considered a divine number.
Firstly, the troika is a symbol of spirituality and the unity of the soul with the Holy Trinity.
Secondly, the three/triad was an expression of the unity of heaven, earth and the underworld.
Thirdly, the triad symbolizes the completion of a logical sequence: beginning – middle – end.
Finally, the triad symbolizes the past, present and future.
If you look at most Slavic rituals and magical actions, you will see that they all ended with a three-time repetition of a ritual. The simplest example is triple baptism after prayer.
Good- the fifth letter in the Slavic alphabet, which is a symbol of purity and goodness. The true meaning of this word "goodness, virtue". Moreover, the letter Good contains not only purely human character traits, but also a virtue that all people should adhere to, loving Father heavenly. By Good, scientists, first of all, see virtue from the point of view of a person’s maintenance of religious canons, which symbolize the Commandments of the Lord. For example, the Old Church Slavonic phrase: “Be diligent in virtue and true living” carries the meaning that a person should real life maintain virtue.
The numerical value of the letter Good is indicated by the number 4, i.e. four. What did the Slavs put into this number? First of all, the four symbolized the four elements: fire, water, earth and air, the four ends of the holy cross, the four cardinal directions and the four corners of the room. Thus, the four was a symbol of stability and even inviolability. Despite the fact that this is an even number, the Slavs did not treat it negatively, because it was it, together with the three, that gave the divine number 7.
One of the most multifaceted words of the Old Church Slavonic alphabet is Yes. This word is denoted by words such as “is”, “sufficiency”, “presence”, “essence”, “being”, “nature”, “nature” and other synonyms that express the meaning of these words. Surely, having heard this letter-word, many of us will immediately remember the phrase from the movie “Ivan Vasilyevich is changing his profession”, which has already become winged: “I am the king!” . With such a clear example, it is easy to understand that the person who said this phrase positions himself as a king, that is, the king is his real essence. The number mystery of the letter Yes is hidden in the number five. Five is one of the most controversial numbers in Slavic numerology. After all, it is both positive and negative number, as, probably, a number that consists of the “divine” triad and the “satanic” two.
If speak about positive aspects five, which is the numerical value of the letter Yes, then, first of all, it should be noted that this number carries great religious potential: in Holy Scripture five is a symbol of grace and mercy. The oil for sacred anointing consisted of 5 parts, which included 5 ingredients, and when performing the “smudging” ritual, 5 different ingredients are also used, such as: incense, stakt, onykh, lebanon and halvan.
Other philosophical thinkers argue that the five is an identification with the five human senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste. There are in the top five and negative qualities, which were found by some researchers of Old Slavic culture. In their opinion, among the ancient Slavs, the number five was a symbol of risk and war. A clear indication of this is the conduct of battles by the Slavs mainly on Fridays. Friday among the Slavs was a symbol of the number five. However, there are some contradictions here, as other numerology researchers believe that the Slavs preferred to conduct battles and battles on Fridays solely because they considered five a lucky number and thanks to this they hoped to win the battle.
live- a letter-word, which is designated today as the letter Z. The meaning of the meaning of these letters is quite simple and clear and is expressed by words such as “living”, “life” and “living”. In this letter put a word that everyone understands, which denoted the existence of all life on the planet, as well as the creation of new life. It is explained that life is a great gift that a person possesses, and this gift should be aimed at doing good deeds. If you combine the meaning of the letter Live with the meaning of the previous letters, you will get the phrase: “I will know and say that goodness is inherent in all living things...” The letter Zhivete is not endowed with a numerical characteristic, and this remains another mystery that our ancestors left behind.
Zelo– a letter that is a combination of two sounds [d] and [z]. The main meaning of this letter for the Slavs was the words “strong” and “strong”. The letter-word Zelo itself was used in Old Church Slavonic writings as “zelo”, which meant strongly, firmly, very, very, and it could also often be found in sentences as “zely”, i.e. strong, strong or abundant. If we consider this letter in the context of the word “very”, then we can cite as an example the lines of the great Russian poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, who wrote: “Now I must deeply apologize to you for the long silence.”. In this expression "I'm very sorry" can be easily paraphrased into a phrase "very sorry". Although the expression would also be appropriate here "to change a lot".
* the sixth paragraph of the Lord's Prayer speaks of sin;
* the sixth commandment speaks about the terrible sin a person - murder;
* Cain's line ended with the sixth generation;
* the notorious mythical snake had 6 names;
* the number of the devil is presented in all sources as three sixes “666”.
The list of unpleasant associations associated with the number 6 among the Slavs goes on. However, we can conclude that in some Old Slavonic sources, philosophers also noticed the mystical appeal of the six. So the love that arises between a man and a woman was also associated with the six, which is a combination of two triads.
Earth- the ninth letter of the Old Church Slavonic alphabet, the meaning of which is represented as “land” or “country”. Sometimes in sentences the letter-word Earth was used in such meanings as “edge”, “country”, “people”, “land”, or this word meant the human body. Why is the letter named this way? Everything is very simple! After all, we all live on earth, in our own country, and belong to some nationality. Therefore, the word-letter Earth is a concept behind which the community of people is hidden. Moreover, everything starts small and ends with something big and immense. That is, this letter embodies the following phenomenon: each person is part of a family, each family belongs to a community, and each community collectively represents a people who live in a certain territory called their native land. And these patches of land, which we call our native land, are united into a huge country where there is one God. However, apart from deeply philosophical meaning The letter Earth hides a number. This number 7 is seven, seven, week. What can modern youth know about the number 7? The only thing is that seven brings good luck. However, for the ancient Slavs, seven was a very significant number.
The number seven for the Slavs meant the number of spiritual perfection, upon which God’s seal lay. Moreover, we can see the seven almost everywhere in Everyday life: a week consists of seven days, a musical alphabet of seven notes, etc. Religious books and scriptures also cannot do without mentioning the number seven.
Izhe- a letter whose meaning can be expressed by the words “if”, “if” and “when”. The meaning of these words has not changed to this day, it’s just that in everyday life modern Slavs use synonyms Izhe: if and when. The number 10 corresponds to the same - ten, ten, decade, as we call this number today. Among the Slavs, the number ten is considered the third number, which denotes divine perfection and orderly completeness. If you look at history and various sources, you will see that the ten has a deep religious and philosophical meaning:
* The 10 commandments are God’s completed code, which reveals to us the basic rules of virtue;
* 10 generations represent the complete cycle of a family or nation;
Kako- a letter-word of the Slavic alphabet, which means “like” or “like”. A simple example of the use of this word “like him” today is simply “like him”. This word expresses the similarity of man with God. After all, God created man in his own image and likeness. The numerical characteristic of this letter corresponds to twenty.
People- a letter of the Slavic alphabet, which speaks for itself about the meaning that is inherent in it. The true meaning of the letter People was used to designate people of any class, gender and gender. From this letter came such expressions as the human race, to live like humans. But perhaps the most famous phrase, which we still use today, is “to go out into people,” which meant going out into the square for meetings and festivities. Thus, our ancestors worked for a whole week, and on Sunday, which was the only day off, they dressed up and went out to the square to “look at others and show yourself”. The letter-word People corresponds to the number 30 - thirty.
Myslete- a very important letter-word, the true meaning of which means “to think”, “thinking”, “to think”, “to reflect” or, as our ancestors said, “to think with the mind”. For the Slavs, the word “think” did not just mean sitting and thinking about eternity, this word included spiritual communication with God. Myslet is the letter that corresponds to the number 40 - forty. In Slavic thinking the number 40 had special meaning, because when the Slavs said “very many” they meant 40. Apparently, in ancient times this was the highest number. For example, remember the phrase “forty forty”. She says that the Slavs represented the number 40, as we do today, for example, the number 100 is one hundred. If we turn to the Sacred Writings, then it is worth noting that the Slavs considered 40 another divine number, which denotes a certain period of time that passes human soul from the moment of temptation to the moment of punishment. Hence the tradition of commemorating the deceased on the 40th day after death.
Letter-word Our also speaks for itself. It contains two meanings: “our” and “brother”. That is, this word expresses kinship or closeness in spirit. Synonyms for the true meaning of the letter were words such as “own”, “native”, “close” and "belonging to our family". Thus, the ancient Slavs divided all people into two castes: “their own” and “theirs”. Letter-word Our has its own numerical value, which, as you probably already guessed, is 50 - fifty.
The next word in the alphabet is presented modern letter O, which in the Old Church Slavonic alphabet is designated by the word He. The true meaning of this letter is "face". In addition to the fact that He denoted a personal pronoun, it was used to designate a person, person, or person. The number that corresponds to this word is 70 - seventy.
Peace- the letter of the spirituality of the Slavic people. True meaning Peace lies in peace and quiet. Special peace of mind or spiritual harmony was invested in this letter. Man committing good deeds He who has pure thoughts and respects the commandments lives in harmony with himself. He doesn't need to pretend to anyone because he is at peace with himself. The number corresponding to the letter Peace is 80 - eighty.
Rtsy is an ancient Slavic letter that we know today as the letter R. Of course, asking a simple modern man you are unlikely to hear an answer about whether he knows what this word means. Nevertheless, the letter-word Rtsy was well known to those who held in their hands or saw the first Slavic alphabet on the walls of churches. The true meaning of Rtsa lies in words such as “you will utter”, “you will say”, “you will express” and other words that are close in meaning. For example, the expression "the masters of wisdom" stands for "pronounce words of wisdom» . This word was often used in ancient writings, but today its meaning has lost its significance for modern people. The numerical value of Rtsa is 100 – one hundred.
Word- a letter about which we can say that it is the one that gives the name to all of our speech. Since man came up with the word, surrounding objects have received their own names, and people have ceased to be a faceless mass and have received names. In the Slavic alphabet, the Word has many synonyms: legend, speech, sermon. All these synonyms were often used when composing both official letters and writing scholarly treatises. IN colloquial speech this letter is also widely used. The numerical analogue of the letter Word is 200 – two hundred.
The next letter of the alphabet is known to us today as the letter T, but the ancient Slavs knew it as the letter-word Firmly. As you understand, the true meaning of this letter speaks for itself, and it means “solid” or “true”. It was from this letter that it came famous expression “I stand firm on my word”. This means that a person clearly understands what he is saying and asserts the correctness of his thoughts and words. Such firmness is destiny or very wise people or complete fools. However, the letter Firmly indicated that the person who says something or does something feels right. If we talk about the numerical self-affirmation of the letter Firmly, then it is worth saying that it corresponds to the number 300 - three hundred.
Oak- another letter in the alphabet, which today has been transformed into the letter U. It is, of course, difficult for an ignorant person to understand what this word means, but the Slavs knew it as “law”. Ouk was often used in the meaning of “decree”, “to fasten”, “lawyer”, “to indicate”, “to fasten”, etc. Most often, this letter was used to denote government decrees, laws adopted by officials and was rarely used in a spiritual context.
Completes the galaxy of “higher” letters of the alphabet Firth. This unusual letter-word means nothing more than glory, pinnacle, top. But this concept is not addressed to human glory, which denotes the fame of a person, but gives glory to eternity. Please note that Firth is the logical ending of the "higher" part of the alphabet and represents a conditional ending. But this end gives us food for thought that there is still eternity that we must glorify. The numerical value of Firth is 500 – five hundred.
Having examined the highest part of the alphabet, we can state the fact that it is a secret message to descendants. “Where is this visible?” - you ask. Now try to read all the letters, knowing their true meaning. If you take several subsequent letters, then edifying phrases are formed:
* Vedi + Verb means “know the teaching”;
* Rtsy + Word + Firmly can be understood as a phrase "speak the truth";
* Firmly + Oak can be interpreted as "strengthen the law".
If you look closely at other letters, you can also find the secret writing that our ancestors left behind.
Have you ever wondered why the letters in the alphabet are in this particular order and not in any other? The order of the “highest” part of the Cyrillic letters can be considered from two positions.
Firstly, the fact that each letter-word forms a meaningful phrase with the next one may mean a non-random pattern that was invented to quickly memorize the alphabet.
Secondly, the Old Church Slavonic alphabet can be considered from the point of view of numbering. That is, each letter also represents a number. Moreover, all letter-numbers are arranged in ascending order. So, the letter A - “az” corresponds to one, B - 2, D - 3, D - 4, E - 5, and so on up to ten. Tens begin with the letter K, which are listed here similarly to units: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 80 and 100.
In addition, many scientists have noticed that the outlines of the letters of the “higher” part of the alphabet are graphically simple, beautiful and convenient. They were perfect for cursive writing, and a person did not experience any difficulties in depicting these letters. And many philosophers see in the numerical arrangement of the alphabet the principle of the triad and spiritual harmony that a person achieves, striving for good, light and truth.
Literal truth, the “lowest” part of the alphabet
Good cannot exist without evil. Therefore, the “lowest” part of the Old Church Slavonic alphabet is the embodiment of everything base and evil that is in man. So, let's get acquainted with the letters of the “lower” part of the alphabet, which do not have a numerical value. By the way, pay attention, there are not many of them, not only 13!
The “lowest” part of the alphabet begins with the letter Sha. The true meaning of this letter can be expressed in words such as “trash”, “nonentity” or “liar”. Often in sentences they were used to indicate the entire baseness of a person who was called shabala, which means a liar and idle talker. Another word derived from the letter Sha is “shabendat,” which means fussing over trifles. And especially vile people were called the word “shaveren”, that is, trash or insignificant person.
A letter very similar to Sha is the following letter Now. What associations do you have when you hear this letter? But our ancestors used this letter when they talked about vanity or mercy, but only one word can be found as a root synonym for the letter Shcha: “mercilessly.” For example, a simple Old Slavonic phrase "betray without mercy". His modern meaning can be expressed in a phrase "they betray mercilessly".
Er. In ancient times, Erami were called thieves, swindlers and rogues. Today we know this letter as Ъ. Er is not endowed with any numerical value, like the other twelve letters of the lower part of the alphabet.
eras- this is a letter that has survived to this day and appears in our alphabet, like Y. As you understand, it also has an unpleasant meaning and means a drunkard, because in ancient times revelers and drunkards who hung around idle were called erigs. In fact, there were people who did not work, but only walked and drank intoxicating drinks. They were in great disfavour among the entire community and were often persecuted with stones.
Er represents b in the modern alphabet, but the meaning of this letter is unknown to many contemporaries. Er had several meanings: “heresy”, “heretic”, “enemy”, “sorcerer” and “renegade”. If this letter meant “renegade,” then the person was called “erik.” In other definitions, a person was called a “heretic.”
Yat is the letter to which the synonym “accept” is most suitable. In Old Church Slavonic texts it was most often used as “imat” and “yatny”. Amazing words, especially for modern people. Although I think that some of the slang words used by our teenagers would not have been understood by the ancient Slavs. “Have” was used in the context of catching or taking. “Yatny” was used in Old Slavonic texts when they talked about something accessible or an easily achievable goal.
Yu [y]- the letter of grief and sadness. Its root meaning is a bitter lot and an unhappy fate. The Slavs called vale a bad fate. From the same letter comes the word holy fool, which means a crazy person. Fools in the alphabet were designated exclusively from a negative point of view, but we should not forget who the holy fools were originally.
[AND I- a letter that has no name, but it contains a deep and terrifying meaning. The true meaning of this letter is several concepts such as "exile", "outcast" or "torture". Both exile and outcast are synonyms for one concept that has deep ancient Russian roots. Behind this word was an unfortunate man who had fallen out of social environment and doesn't fit into existing society. It is interesting that in the ancient Russian state there was such a thing as a “rogue prince”. Rogue princes are people who lost their inheritance due to the premature death of relatives who did not have time to transfer their possessions to them.
[I]E- another letter of the “lower” part of the alphabet, which does not have a name. The ancient Slavs had completely unpleasant associations with this letter, because it meant “torment” and “suffering”. Often this letter was used in the context of eternal torment experienced by sinners who do not recognize the laws of God and do not keep the 10 commandments.
Two more interesting letters Old Slavonic alphabet Yus small and Yus large. They are very similar in form and meaning. Let's look at what their differences are.
Yus small shaped like tied hands. The most interesting thing is that the root meaning of this letter is “bonds”, “shackles”, “chains”, “knots” and words with similar meanings. Often Yus small was used in texts as a symbol of punishment and was denoted by the following words: bonds and knots.
Yus big was a symbol of a dungeon or prison, as a more severe punishment for atrocities committed by a person. It is interesting that the shape of this letter was similar to a dungeon. Most often in ancient Slavic texts you can find this letter in the form of the word uziliche, which meant a prison or prison. The derivatives of these two letters are the letters Iotov yus small and Iotov yus large. The graphic image of Iotov Yus small in Cyrillic is similar to the image of Yus small, however, in the Glagolitic alphabet these two letters have completely different shapes. The same can be said about Iotov Yus the Great and Yus the Great. What is the secret of such a striking difference?
After all, the semantic meaning that we know about today is very similar for these letters, and represents logical chain. Let's look at each graphic image of these four letters in the Glagolitic alphabet.
Yus small, denoting bonds or shackles, is depicted in the Glagolitic alphabet as human body, whose hands and feet seem to be wearing shackles. After Yus the small comes Iotov Yus the small, which means imprisonment, confinement of a person in a dungeon or prison. This letter in the Glagolitic alphabet is depicted as a certain substance similar to a cell. What happens next? And then comes Yus the Great, which is a symbol of the dungeon and is depicted in the Glagolitic alphabet as a crooked figure. Amazingly, after Yus the Great comes Iotov Yus the Great, which means execution, and its graphic image in the Glagolitic alphabet is nothing more than a gallows.
Now let's look separately at the semantic meanings of these four letters and their graphic analogies. Their meaning can be reflected in a simple phrase that indicates a logical sequence: first they put shackles on a person, then they imprison them in prison, and finally the logical conclusion of the punishment is execution. What comes out of this simple example? But it turns out that when creating the “lower” part of the alphabet, they also put into it a certain hidden meaning and ordered all the signs according to a certain logical criterion. If you look at all thirteen letters of the lowest row of the alphabet, you will see that they are conditional edification to the Slavic people. By combining all thirteen letters according to their meaning, we get the following phrase: “Insignificant liars, thieves, swindlers, drunkards and heretics will accept a bitter fate - they will be tortured as outcasts, shackled, thrown into prison and executed!” Thus, the Slavs are given an instruction that all sinners will be punished.
In addition, graphically all the letters of the “lower” part are much more difficult to reproduce than the letters of the first half of the alphabet, and what immediately catches the eye is that many of them do not have a name or numerical identification.
The most interesting thing is that the letters X - Her and W - Omega are in the center of the alphabet and are enclosed in a circle, which, you see, expresses their superiority over the other letters of the alphabet. Right side of these letters is a reflection of the left side, thus emphasizing their polarity. The letter X stands for the Universe, and even its numerical value 600 - six hundred corresponds to the word "space".
Considering the letter W, which corresponds to the number 800 - eight hundred, I would like to focus on the fact that it means the word “faith”. Thus, these two letters circled symbolize faith in God and are an image of the fact that somewhere in the Universe there is a cosmic sphere where the Lord lives, who determined the fate of man from beginning to end.
In addition, the letter Kher was given a special meaning, which can be reflected in the word “cherub” or "ancestor". Slavic words, derived from the letter Kher, have only positive value: cherub, heroism, which means heroism, heraldry (respectively heraldry), etc.
In turn, Omega, on the contrary, had the meaning of finality, end or death. This word has many derivatives, so “offensive” means eccentric, and disgusting means something very bad.
Thus, Her and Omega, enclosed in a circle, were the symbol of this circle. Look at their meanings: beginning and end. But a circle is a line that has neither beginning nor end. However, at the same time, it is both the beginning and the end.
There are two more letters in this “enchanted” circle, which we know in the Old Church Slavonic alphabet as Tsy and Worm. The most interesting thing is that these letters have a dual meaning in the Old Church Slavonic alphabet.
Thus, the positive meaning of Tsy can be expressed in the words church, kingdom, king, Caesar, cycle and in many other words that are synonymous with these meanings. Moreover, the letter Tsy implied both the kingdom of earth and the kingdom of heaven. At the same time, it was used with a negative connotation. For example, “tsits!” - shut up, stop talking; “tsiryukat” - shouting, shouting and “tsyba”, which meant an unstable, thin-legged person and was considered an insult.
The letter Worm also has both positive features, and negative. From this letter came such words as monk, that is, monk; brow, cup, child, man, etc. All the negativity that could be thrown out with this letter can be expressed in words such as worm - a low-lying, reptile creature, womb - belly, devil - offspring and others.
The Proto-Slavic alphabet is the first in history modern civilization textbook. A person who has read and understood an elementary message masters not only a universal method of storing information, but also acquires the ability to transfer accumulated knowledge, i.e. becomes a Teacher.
From the editor. To what has been said, it must be added that the basis of the Russian alphabet are two varieties of the Old Church Slavonic alphabet: the Glagolitic alphabet, or trade letter, and the holy Russian images, or small letter. Evidence from ancient tales and chronicles, notes from foreign travelers, and archaeological data suggest that writing existed in Rus' long before the advent of Christianity. Cyril and Methodius apparently created their alphabet on the basis of ancient Slavic writing with the addition of Greek-Byzantine letters for the convenience of translating Christian texts.
Bibliography:
1. K. Titarenko "The Mystery of the Slavic Alphabet", 1995
2. A. Zinoviev "Cyrillic cryptography", 1998
3. M. Krongauz "Where did it come from? Slavic writing»
, magazine “Russian language” 1996, No. 3
4. E. Nemirovsky "In the footsteps of the pioneer", M.: Sovremennik, 1983
The second letter of the alphabet is not “beeches”, but “Gods”.
It is impossible for a person to “invent” this alphabet, even for such supposed saints as Cyril and Methodius. Allegedly - because a holy person will never throw out the key word from the Divine alphabet given to man from above - the word “GOD” and will not replace it with the faceless “BUKI”.
I know the Gods. The verb is good...
AZ (man) KNOWS GOD, BY THE VERB OF GOOD, WHICH IS LIFE (EXISTENCE).
Etc.
In addition, Cyril and Methodius threw out several initial letters from the alphabet, that is, they interfered with God’s creation.
That's why I call them "supposedly saints."
The Old Church Slavonic alphabet is completely imbued with God.
The ABC of Cyril and Methodius is imbued with knowledge. But knowledge without God is dead. That's why Orthodox Church It has been stalling in Rus' for so many centuries - because its foundations are distorted.
Az is the first letter of the Slavic alphabet, which denotes the pronoun Ya. However, it main meaning conveyed by the words “initially”, “begin” or “beginning”. True, in everyday life the Slavs most often used Az in the context of a pronoun.
Unit
Az has a numerical value, which is expressed by the number 1. Among the ancient Slavs, the number 1 was the beginning of everything joyful and godly.
"Bull" origin
The letter "A" is of Phoenician origin, as are most other letters of European and Semitic languages. In the graphics of most alphabets, the capital letter "A" is shaped like a triangle with a crossbar in the middle. Some scientists believe that this mark depicts the head of a bull, which was especially revered by the Phoenicians.
Seven Wounds of Christ
In Christian theology, the letter “A”, both in Cyrillic and Latin, corresponds to the five wounds of Christ.
"A" in everything
Many symbolism experts believe that all other letters are derived from the sound “A”. This is probably why this letter comes first in many alphabets.
Main sound
The vowel sound “A” is the most common in the world’s languages. There is no language that does not have such a sound. For example, in the Ubykh language "A" is the only vowel. In addition, the first sound of a newborn is “a”.
And the first became the last
After a series of reforms in the Russian language of the 18th and 19th centuries, the name “Az” in the alphabet was replaced by the sound “A”. Thus, the personal pronoun of the 1st person singular began to correspond to the last letter of the alphabet - “I”.
It’s not always possible to find even the simplest things on the Internet; the same goes for alphabet numbering.
You can see the serial numbers of letters in the table below, correct order and sequence number matching.
The letter A comes first.
The letter B is in second place.
The letter B is in third place.
The letter G is in fourth place.
The letter D is in fifth place.
The letter E is in sixth place.
The letter is in seventh place.
The letter Z is in eighth place.
The letter Z is in ninth place.
The letter I is in tenth place.
The letter Y is in eleventh place.
The letter K is in twelfth place.
The letter L is in thirteenth place.
The letter M is in fourteenth place.
The letter N is in fifteenth place.
The letter O is in sixteenth place.
The letter P is in seventeenth place.
The letter R is in eighteenth place.
The letter C is in nineteenth place.
The letter T is in twentieth place.
The letter U is in twenty-first place.
The letter F is in twenty-second place.
The letter X is in twenty-third place.
The letter C is in twenty-fourth place.
The letter H is in twenty-fifth place.
The letter Ш is in twenty-sixth place.
The letter Ш is in twenty-seventh place.
The letter Ъ is in twenty-eighth place.
The letter Y is in twenty-ninth place.
The letter b is in the thirtieth place.
The letter E is in thirty-first place.
The letter U is in thirty-second place.
The letter I is in thirty-third place.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Probably everyone knows this. And the serial number of a letter can be useful to solve some riddle, charade, or read an encrypted letter.
Serial number of letters in the Russian alphabet.
- A - number 1 ,
- B - number 2 ,
- B - number 3 ,
- G - number 4 ,
- D - number 5 ,
- E - number 6 ,
- - 7 (some people forget that e and is still different letters, they should not be confused),
- F - 8,
- Z - 9,
- I - 10,
- J - 11,
- K - 12,
- L - 13,
- M - 14,
- N - 15,
- O - 16,
- P - 17,
- R - 18,
- S - 19,
- T - 20,
- U - 21,
- F - 22,
- X - 23,
- C - 24,
- H - 25,
- Ш - 26,
- Shch - 27,
- Kommersant ( solid sign) - 28,
- Y - 29,
- b (soft sign) - 30,
- E - 31,
- Yu - 32,
- I'm 33.
Russian alphabet in reverse order looks like this (first comes the serial number, and after the number the letter itself)
- 33 - A,
- 32 - B,
- 31 -B,
- 30 - G,
- 29 - D,
- 2 - E,
- 27 - ,
- 26 -F,
- 25 - W,
- 24 - And,
- 23 - J,
- 22 - K,
- 21 - L,
- 20 - M,
- 19 - N,
- 18 - Oh,
- 17 - P,
- 16 - R,
- 15 - C,
- 14 - T,
- 13 - U,
- 12 - F,
- 11 - X,
- 10 - C,
- 9 - H,
- 8 - Ш,
- 7 -SH,
- 6 - b,
- 5 - Y,
- 4 - b,
- 3 - E,
- 2 - Yu,
- 1 -I.
The letter A has a serial number of 1
B-serial number-2
B-serial number-3
The letter E has number 6
The letter has serial number 7
F-number 8
Letter Z-number 9
And - has serial number 10
E friend J- number 11
K-12 in a row
Letter L-13
We count the letter H as 15 in a row.
16 is the letter O
Ъ-28 letter of the alphabet
A a a ordinal digit 1
B b b e serial digit 2
In in ve ordinal digit 3
G g ge ordinal digit 4
D d de serial digit 5
E e ordinal digit 6
serial digit 7
Zh zhe serial number 8
Z z z e ordinal digit 9
And and and ordinal number 10
th and short ordinal number 11
K k ka (not ke) serial number 12
L l el (or el, not le) serial number 13
M m em (not me) ordinal number 14
N n en (not ne) ordinal number 15
O o o ordinal number 16
P p pe ordinal number 17
R r er (not re) ordinal number 18
C s es (not se) ordinal number 19
T t te ordinal number 20
Y y y ordinal number 21
F f ef (not fe) ordinal number 22
X x ha (not he) ordinal number 23
Ts ts tse ordinal number 24
H h h ordinal number 25
Sh sh sha (not she) serial number 26
Shch shcha (not yet) serial number 27
ъ ъ hard sign ordinal number 28
Y y y ordinal number 29
b ь soft sign ordinal number 30
Uh uh (uh reverse) serial number 31
Yu Yu Yu serial number 32
I I I serial number 33
It is useful to know the serial numbers of letters of the Russian alphabet, it is good to know the reverse numbering of letters, and sometimes you need to know the numbering of pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet. This knowledge can help in solving logical problems of various kinds.
So, the Russian alphabet is numbered in order:
Alphabet in reverse order:
Pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet:
-
fourth
The letter dd will be 5
The letter Her will be 6
The letter will be 7
The eighth, ninth and tenth are the letters Zh, Z, I
Eleventh letter
Twelfth letter
Oh yes I remembered junior classes when we wrote encryption, we used a digital system and put one letter in order, and the other against the order, by the way the letter P the number is the same and back and forth it is the seventeenth - once I knew all this by heart and was able to write encryption quickly enough.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Each letter corresponds to its own number. The distribution follows the principle A - 1 letter of the alphabet, B - 2 letter of the alphabet, etc. until the last letter - I, which is the 33rd letter.
It would seem, well, why does anyone need to know the serial numbers of letters in the Russian alphabet? Probably, those who have taken IQ tests know that you need to know this in order to successfully cope with test tasks. There may be not one or two such tasks in the test, but much more. For example, in this test there are five of forty such tasks.
Here, for example, is the very first task of the test and the last fifth one:
Below is the alphabet in the figure, which shows which letter of the 33 letters of the Russian alphabet has which serial number. The first digit is a forward count, the second digit is a reverse count. In this form, the numbering and the alphabet itself are easier to remember than in a list.
There are only 33 letters in the Russian alphabet: