Read Ural fairy tales. Last years and death of Bazhov

Danila and Katya, who rescued her fiancé from the Mistress of the Mountain, had a lot of children. Eight, listen, people, and all boys. Mother was more than once jealous of at least one girl for a glance. Read...

This happened shortly after the fifth year. Before the war with the Germans began. Read...

Our Field, they say, was installed by the treasury. There were no factories in these places at that time. They fought. Well, the treasury is known. The soldiers were sent. The village of Mountain Shield was built on purpose so that the road would be safe. On Gumeshki, you see, at that time visible wealth lay on top, and they approached it. We got there, of course. They brought in people, they installed a plant, they brought in some Germans, but things didn’t work out. It didn't work and it didn't work. Read...

There was a Field Clerk - Severyan Kondratyich. Oh, and fierce, oh, and fierce! The way the factories stand has never happened before. Of dogs, a dog. Beast. Read...

After Stepanova’s death, who obtained the malachite pillars, many people flocked to Krasnogorka. There was a desire to get hold of those pebbles that were seen in Stepan’s dead hand. It was autumn, just before the snow. You'll have to try a lot here. And when the winter passed, they ran into that place again. Read...

This did not happen at our plant, but in the Sysert half. And not at all in ancient years. My old people were already running around in the factory in their undercarriages. Some on the ball, some on the bedding, and then in the mechanic shop, or in the forge. Well, you never know where the youngsters were driven into at the fortress. Read...

There was also such a case at the mine. In one face there was ore with a thin section. They'll take a piece, and you'll see there's some corner of it. Like a mirror it shines, anyone can look into it. Read...

In those years, there were no traces of Verkhny and Ilyinsky factories. Only our Polevaya and Sysert. Well, in the North they also rattled iron. Yes, just a little. Sysert lived the brightest of all. You see, she came across the Cossack side on the road. People walked and passed here and there. We ourselves went to the pier near Revda with iron. You never know who you meet on the road, or what you hear. And there are many villages around. Read...

There was a man living in the factory alone. His name was Levontem. Such a diligent man, unrequited. From a young age he was kept in grief, in Gumeshki, that is. I mined copper. So he spent all his young years underground. Like a worm digging in the ground. I couldn’t see the light, I turned green all over. Well, it’s a well-known fact - the mountain. Dampness, darkness, heavy spirit. Read...

Those guys, the Levontievs, to whom Poloz showed his wealth, began to improve their lives. Even though their father died soon after, they live better and better every year. They built themselves a hut. It’s not that the house is fancy, but it’s a decent little hut. They bought a little cow, got a horse, and started letting sheep up to three years old in the winter. My mother couldn’t be happier that she saw the light at least in her old age. Read...

Two of our factory workers went to look at the grass. And their mowing was far away. Somewhere behind Severushka. Read...

Nastasya, Stepanova’s widow, still has a malachite box. With every feminine device. There are rings, earrings and other things according to women's rites. Read...

The marble workers were not the only ones who were famous for their stone work. In our factories, too, they say, they had this skill. The only difference is that ours were more fond of malachite, as there was enough of it, and the grade is no higher. Read...

Katya, Danilov’s fiancée, remained unmarried. Two or three years have passed since Danilo got lost, and she has completely left the bride’s time. In twenty years, in our factory way, it is considered too old. Read...

In Diagon Brod, where the school stands, there was a vacant lot. The wasteland is large, in full view of everyone, but they are not too coveted. Highlands, you see. It’s a hassle to grow a vegetable garden here—there’s a lot of sweat, but it’s of little use.

Tales of Bazhov. BAZHOV, PAVEL PETROVICH (1879–1950), Russian writer, first performed literary adaptation Ural tales. The collection includes the most popular and beloved by children
Was born Bazhov P. P. January 15 (27), 1879 at the Sysertsky plant near Yekaterinburg in a family of hereditary mining masters. The family often moved from factory to factory, which allowed the future writer to get to know the life of the vast mountain district well and was reflected in his work - in particular, in the essays The Ural Were (1924). Bazhov studied at Ekaterinburg religious school(1889–1893), then at the Perm Theological Seminary (1893–1899), where tuition was much cheaper than in secular educational institutions.
Worked until 1917 school teacher in Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov. Every year during summer holidays traveled around the Urals, collecting folklore. Bazhov wrote in his autobiography about how his life developed after the February and October revolutions: “From the beginning February Revolution went into the work of public organizations. From the beginning of open hostilities, he volunteered for the Red Army and took part in combat operations on the Ural Front. In September 1918 he was accepted into the ranks of the CPSU (b). He worked as a journalist in the divisional newspaper “Okopnaya Pravda”, in the Kamyshlov newspaper “Red Path”, and from 1923 in the Sverdlovsk “Peasant Newspaper”. Work with letters from peasant readers finally determined Bazhov’s passion for folklore. According to his later admission, many of the expressions he found in letters from readers of the Peasant Newspaper were used in his famous Ural tales. His first book, The Ural Were, was published in Sverdlovsk, where Bazhov depicted in detail both factory owners and “lordly armrests” clerks, as well as simple artisans. Bazhov sought to develop his own literary style, was looking for original forms of embodiment of his writing talent. He succeeded in this in the mid-1930s, when he began publishing his first tales. In 1939 Bazhov combined them into a book Malachite Box(USSR State Prize, 1943), which he subsequently supplemented with new works. Malachite gave the name to the book because, according to Bazhov, “the joy of the earth is collected” in this stone. Creating fairy tales became the main work of Bazhov’s life. In addition, he edited books and almanacs, including those on Ural local history, headed the Sverdlovsk Writers' Organization, and was the editor-in-chief and director of the Ural Book Publishing House. In Russian literature, the tradition of the skaz literary form goes back to Gogol and Leskov. However, calling his works tales, Bazhov took into account not only literary tradition genre, implying the presence of a narrator, but also the existence of ancient oral traditions Ural miners, who in folklore were called “secret tales”. From these folklore works, Bazhov adopted one of the main signs of his tales: mixing fairy tale images(Snake and his daughters Zmeevka, Ognevushka-Poskakushka, Mistress of the Copper Mountain, etc.) and heroes written in a realistic vein (Danila the Master, Stepan, Tanyushka, etc.). main topic Bazhov's tales - a simple man and his work, talent and skill. Communication with nature, with the secret foundations of life, is carried out through powerful representatives of the magical mountain world. One of the most bright images this kind is the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, whom Master Stepan meets from the tale The Malachite Box. The Mistress of the Copper Mountain helps the hero of the tale Stone Flower Danila discovers his talent - and becomes disappointed in the master after he gives up trying to make a Stone Flower on his own. The prophecy expressed about the Mistress in the tale Prikazchikovy Soles is coming true: “It is sorrow for the bad to meet her, and little joy for the good.” Bazhov owns the expression “zhivinka in action”, which became the name of the tale of the same name, written in 1943. One of his heroes, grandfather Nefed, explains why his student Timofey mastered the skill of a charcoal burner: “And because,” he says, “because you looked down, - on that means what is done; and when you looked at it from above - what should be done better, then the little creature caught you. You see, it’s there in every business, it runs ahead of skill and pulls a person along with it.” Bazhov paid tribute to the rules " socialist realism", in the conditions in which his talent developed. Lenin became the hero of several of his works. The image of the leader of the revolution acquired folklore features in the tales written during the Patriotic War: The Sun Stone, Bogatyrev's Mitten and the Eagle Feather. Shortly before his death, speaking to fellow countrymen writers, Bazhov said: “We, the Urals, living in such a region, which is some kind of Russian concentrate, is a treasury of accumulated experience, great traditions, we need to take this into account, this will strengthen our positions in the show modern man" Bazhov died in Moscow on December 3, 1950.

Biography

BAZHOV, PAVEL PETROVICH (1879−1950), Russian writer. Born on January 15 (27), 1879 at the Sysertsky plant near Yekaterinburg in a family of hereditary mining masters. The family often moved from factory to factory, which allowed the future writer to get to know well the life of the vast mountain district and was reflected in his work - in particular, in the essays The Ural Were (1924). Bazhov studied at the Yekaterinburg Theological School (1889−1893), then at the Perm Theological Seminary (1893−1899), where tuition was much cheaper than in secular educational institutions.

Until 1917 he worked as a school teacher in Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov. Every year during the summer holidays he traveled around the Urals and collected folklore. Bazhov wrote in his autobiography about how his life developed after the February and October revolutions: “From the beginning of the February Revolution, he went into the work of public organizations. From the beginning of open hostilities, he volunteered for the Red Army and took part in combat operations on the Ural Front. In September 1918 he was accepted into the ranks of the CPSU (b). He worked as a journalist in the divisional newspaper “Okopnaya Pravda”, in the Kamyshlov newspaper “Red Path”, and from 1923 in the Sverdlovsk “Peasant Newspaper”. Work with letters from peasant readers finally determined Bazhov’s passion for folklore. According to his later admission, many of the expressions he found in letters from readers of the Peasant Newspaper were used in his famous Ural tales. His first book, The Ural Were, was published in Sverdlovsk, where Bazhov depicted in detail both factory owners and “lordly armrest” clerks, as well as simple artisans. Bazhov sought to develop his own literary style, looked for original forms of embodiment of his literary talent. He succeeded in this in the mid-1930s. s, when he began to publish his first tales. In 1939, Bazhov combined them into the book Malachite Box (USSR State Prize, 1943), which he subsequently supplemented with new works. Malachite gave the name to the book because, according to Bazhov, this stone contains “joy the land has been collected." Creating tales became the main work of Bazhov's life. In addition, he edited books and almanacs, including on Ural local history, headed the Sverdlovsk writers' organization, and was the editor-in-chief and director of the Ural book publishing house. In Russian literature, the tradition of the tale literary form dates back to Gogol and Leskov. However, calling his works skaz, Bazhov took into account not only the literary tradition of the genre, which implies the presence of a narrator, but also the existence of ancient oral traditions of the Ural miners, which in folklore were called “secret tales.” From these folklore works Bazhov adopted one of the main signs of his tales: a mixture of fairy-tale images (Snake and his daughters Snakes, Ognevushka-Pokakushka, Mistress of the Copper Mountain, etc.) and heroes written in a realistic vein (Danila the Master, Stepan, Tanyushka, etc.). The main theme of Bazhov's tales is the common man and his work, talent and skill. Communication with nature, with the secret foundations of life, is carried out through powerful representatives of the magical mountain world. One of the most striking images of this kind is the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, whom Master Stepan meets from the tale The Malachite Box. The Mistress of the Copper Mountain helps the hero of the tale Stone Flower Danila to reveal his talent - and becomes disappointed in the master after he gives up trying to make the Stone Flower himself. The prophecy expressed about the Mistress in the tale of Prikazchikovy Soles is coming true: “It is sorrow for the bad to meet her, and little joy for the good.” Bazhov owns the expression “zhivinka in action”, which became the title of the tale of the same name, written in 1943. One of his heroes, grandfather Nefed, explains why his student Timofey mastered the skill of a charcoal burner: “And because,” he says, “because you looked down, - on that means what is done; and when you looked at it from above - what should be done better, then the little creature caught you. You see, it’s there in every business, it runs ahead of skill and pulls a person along with it.” Bazhov paid tribute to the rules of “socialist realism”, under which his talent developed. Lenin became the hero of several of his works. The image of the leader of the revolution acquired folklore features in those written during Patriotic War tales of the Sun Stone, Bogatyrev's Mitten and Eagle Feather. Shortly before his death, speaking to fellow countrymen writers, Bazhov said: “We, the Urals, living in such a region, which is some kind of Russian concentrate, is a treasury of accumulated experience, great traditions, we need to take this into account, this will strengthen our positions in showing modern man.” Bazhov died in Moscow on December 3, 1950.

Bazhov Pavel Petrovich, years of life 1879−1950. The Russian writer was born on January 15 (27), 1879 near Yekaterinburg at the Sysertsky plant in a family of mining workers. From 1889 to 1893, Bazhov studied at the Yekaterinburg Theological School, then from 1893 to 1899 at the Perm Theological Seminary, where, of course, tuition was much cheaper than in secular educational institutions.

Bazhov managed to work as a teacher in Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov until 1917. Every year during the summer holidays, Pavel Petrovich loved to collect folklore while traveling around the Urals. After the February and October revolution described in his biography how his fate developed: “At the very beginning of the February Revolution, he worked in public organizations. When hostilities began, he joined the Red Army and fought on the Ural Front. In September 1918 he was admitted to the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). He also worked as a journalist in the newspaper Okopnaya Pravda, and from 1923 in the Sverdlovsk Peasant Newspaper.

Working with letters from readers, I realized that it was important for him to study folklore. Bazhov later admitted that much of what he used in his Ural tales was drawn from letters from readers of the Peasant Newspaper. The first book, “The Ural People,” was published in Sverdlovsk, in which he quite clearly depicted factory owners and ordinary workers.

He managed to find his literary style only in the middle of 1930, when the world saw his first tales. In 1943, Bazhov received State Prize(for the fact that in 1939 he combined his tales into one book, The Malachite Box). In addition, he edited books, was the head of the Sverdlovsk writers' organization, and the director of the Ural book publishing house.

In his several works he gave the image of V.I. Lenin. The image of the leader was visible in such tales as “Eagle Feather”, “Sun Stone”, written during the Patriotic War. Shortly before his death, speaking to writers, he said: “For us, the Urals, living in such a region, this is a treasure trove of accumulated experience, huge traditions, we need to take this into account, this will increase our position in showing modern man.” On December 3, 1950, the writer passed away in Moscow.

Bazhov Pavel Petrovich (1879-1950), writer, journalist.

Born on January 27, 1879 in the city of Sysertsky Plant near Yekaterinburg in a family of hereditary workers. He entered the Ekaterinburg Theological School, and then the Perm Seminary, from which he graduated in 1899.

For a decade and a half (until 1917) he taught Russian in Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov. During these years, the subject of close interest of the future writer became folk life and culture, oral folk art of the Ural people. The events of the revolution and the Civil War did not leave Bazhov aside: in 1918 he volunteered for the Red Army.

After the end of hostilities, Bazhov turned to journalism. In the 20s his essays, feuilletons, stories were published in the Yekaterinburg "Peasant Newspaper" and other Ural newspapers periodicals. In 1924, the writer’s first book, “The Ural People,” was published, which included essays and memoirs about the pre-revolutionary past of the region.

Bazhov’s main work, which made him a classic of Russian literature, “The Malachite Box,” was published only in the year of the author’s 60th birthday. The first collection under this name (1939) united 14 tales; Subsequently, the “Malachite Box” was replenished with new works (the latest lifetime publications contained about 40 tales).

In 1943 the book received Stalin Prize, and after the war Bazhov became a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In “The Malachite Box” the author turned to a peculiar literary form- tale associated with oral traditions folk art. Full of colloquialisms and dialect words, using elements of folklore style, the narrator’s speech creates the illusion of a confidential oral narration.

The book is based on the theme of creative work. Bazhov's heroes are miners ("Mistress of the Copper Mountain"), charcoal burners ("Zhivinka in Action"), stone cutters ("Stone Flower", "Mining Master"), foundry workers ("Cast Iron Grandmother"), minters ("Ivanko-Krylatko") - appear as people who are sincerely devoted to their work. They are helped to live not only by their golden hands, but also by their cheerful spirit in business, which “runs ahead of skill and pulls a person along with it.” Juicy and bright color palette, poetic images echoing Russian folklore, melodious and cheerful emotional coloring folk speech create a unique world of Bazhov's tales.

Addressed to readers of various social strata and age categories, “The Malachite Box” became extremely popular - for example, during the Great Patriotic War, the book was among the most read. As the Pravda newspaper wrote, Bazhov entered the history of Russian literature as a collector of pearls of his native language, a discoverer of precious layers of workers' folklore - not textbook-smoothed, but created by life.

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov, Russian Charles Pierrot, who, like a miner, collected gems of Ural folklore in order to later write a collection of tales of amazing magic, was born in the Urals on January twenty-seventh in 1879. His father, Pyotr Vasilyevich Bazhev (that’s how their surname was spelled then), worked in the town of Sysert, near Yekaterinburg, as a foreman in the puddling and welding shop at a mining (metallurgical) plant, and his mother was a famous needlewoman - she weaved amazing lace, and, of course, I can say that her craft was a huge help for the whole family.

The family often moved from place to place, from one factory to another, and it was these childhood impressions of the future writer, being the most vivid, that became, in a way, the basis of his work. Unfortunately, it's difficult financial situation Pavel's family did not allow him to study at the gymnasium, so it was decided that after three years of studying at the zemstvo school, young Bazhov would go to continue his education at the theological school in the city of Yekaterinburg, since the tuition fee there was minimal. In addition, students of the religious school did not need to buy a uniform and pay rent, since the students’ housing was rented and paid for by the school itself.

When Pavel turned fourteen, he graduated from college and immediately became a student at the Perm Theological Seminary, where he studied for the next six years. In 1899, having graduated from the seminary, he decided not to continue his education, especially since his choice was small: he could either become a student at the Kiev Theological Academy, or enter one of the three universities open to seminarians (Tomsk, Dorpat and Warsaw - all other universities did not accept students who graduated from theological seminaries).

Instead of studying, the young man chose to become a teacher, teaching Russian in the remote Ural village of Shaidurikha, mainly inhabited by Old Believers. At the same time, Bazhov traveled a lot around the Urals, collecting folklore, recording workers' tales. Then he worked at the Yekaterinburg Theological School, after which he taught at the diocesan women's school, where he met his future wife, who at that time was his student - Valentina Alexandrovna Ivannitskaya, with whom he married in 1911.

They had two daughters by the beginning, and then the Bazhovs moved to the city of Kamyshev, closer to his wife’s relatives, where Pavel Petrovich continued teaching activities. In total, seven children were born into their family.

Pavel Petrovich, deeply worried social inequality reigning in society, accepted the October Revolution and participated in civil war. In 1923, he moved to Yekaterinburg (then Sverdlovsk), and began collaborating with the proletarian editors of the Peasant Newspaper publication. He published his first book in 1924, then a collection was published, including more than forty stories devoted to the theme of factory (Ural) folklore. After the release of the Ural tale “The Maiden of Azovka” in 1936, Bazhov unexpectedly gained popularity as a writer.

In the terrible year of 1937, the writer was suddenly expelled from the party, but he managed to avoid the fate of many intelligent people of that time - he was never repressed. A year later he was reinstated in the Communist Party, and Pavel Petrovich devoted himself entirely to writing. The Ural writer published his famous collection “The Malachite Box” in 1939, which he supplemented with new tales in 1942. A year later Ural tales was awarded the State Prize.

It is with light hand Bazhov’s folklore included tales that the writer processed so skillfully that they reflected, to some extent, not only ancient Ural legends, but also resonated with the ideas of modernity, in other words, they suddenly found themselves out of time. Pavel Petrovich Bazhov died in 1950, on the third of December. He was buried in Yekaterinburg.