Who is the accordion in the word about Igor's campaign? History of the button accordion

Boyan or Bayan is an ancient Russian character who is mentioned in The Tale of Igor’s Campaign. Boyan is an ancient Russian singer and storyteller. Besides, most likely, it was a real man, which we will talk about below, in the Slavic faith he became practically a Pagan Saint and even God, the patron of the arts and visionary. No wonder. Every religion has its own saints, who after death, for one or another merit, are exalted as miracle workers or people close to God. The same thing happened with Boyan, who during his lifetime composed stories, music and had the gift of prophecy. In some places you can find that Boyan is the God of music, poetry and creativity in general, as well as the grandson of pagan god Veles.

Initially, linguists attribute the word Boyan to several variants. Boyan - common Old Slavic name, having a double designation: 1. inducing fear and 2. witchcraft, spells, sorcerer; Puyan - Bulgarian-Turkic origin, means - Rich; Bayan - Kazakh origin, meaning - to narrate, tell; Baalnik, baaniye - to bewitch, to charm; Bayan - sorcerer, wizard, sorcerer. The image of the poet is associated with both meanings of his name and is understood as a storyteller-magician. After the name of the storyteller Boyan became mythological, it began to mean precisely legends, conversations and songs - accordion, accordion, fable, bayat, lull, etc. In the literature of the 20th century, Boyan even became a household name to refer to a Russian singer and guslar. Karamzin included Boyan in the Pantheon of Russian Authors as “the most famous Russian poet in antiquity.”

The most common point of view of researchers of Russian history is that the ancient Russian Boyan the Prophet was a court singer of the Russian princes of the 11th century (presumably the Chernigov-Tmutorokan princes). The Tale of Igor's Campaign says that Boyan sang of three princes: Mstislav Vladimirovich the Brave, Yaroslav the Wise and Roman Svyatoslavich (grandson of Yaroslav). Vseslav of Polotsk is also mentioned, whom Boyan condemned for capturing Kyiv. Here we see the characteristic manner of court singers composing songs of praise and songs of blasphemy. He was the author and performer of his own songs, sang himself and played a musical instrument. Here is one of the refrains of his song about Vseslav of Polotsk: “Neither a trick, nor a great one, nor a bird of greatness will endure the judgment of God for a minute.” Other words quoted by the author of the story: “Start your songs according to the epics of this time, and not according to the plans of Boyan,” “It’s hard for your head except your shoulder, it’s hard for your body except for your head.” However, all information on this matter was taken from one source, scientists are still arguing about whether to trust it or not.

The author of the Lay on the Regiment says that Boyan is not only a singer, but also a prophet who is capable of werewolf - “Boyan is a prophetic, if he creates a song for anyone, his thoughts spread across the tree, like a gray wolf along the ground, like a crazy eagle under the clouds.” The author calls him the grandson of Veles, from whom he was endowed with high poetic abilities. In accordance with this statement, the figure of the ancient Russian storyteller became not only historical and memorable, but also related to the Slavic Pantheon of Gods, having Divine origin. Modern pagans and Glorifiers of the Ancient Gods often pay homage to Boyan at the temples and ask him to endow them with creative talent, inspiration, and good luck in various types arts

It is worth saying that in Veliky Novgorod a very old Boyana Street has been preserved, probably on behalf of the Novgorodian who lived here. There are a lot of assumptions about this, one of which is that Boyan was the same Novgorod Magus Bogomil. B.A. Rybakov offers us a very interesting study. This story refers to the baptism of Novgorod in 988. The high priest of the Slavs, Bogomil, who lived in Novgorod, actively resisted the planting new faith Vladimir and started a real riot. Unfortunately, Dobrynya and Putyata defeated the resistance of Novgorod, killed many people, destroyed idols and temples, and baptized others by force. So, that same priest Bogomil was called Nightingale, so nicknamed because of his eloquence. Boyan was also called the Nightingale. Later, in Novgorod Land in a layer dating back to 1070-1080, a harp with the inscription “Slovisha” was found, i.e. Nightingale, which supposedly belonged to that same priest and sorcerer Bogomil-Nightingale. All this, and the almost identical time of existence of both people, gives us the right to make assumptions that Bogomil and Boyan could be one and the same person.

BOYAN, M.V. Fayustov

BOYAN (Bayan) - Slavic god music, poetry and musical instruments. mythical poet-singer of the ancient Slavs. Mentioned in chronicles.

NAME: Bayan (Boyan) - Russian “rich man”, “wealth”, “rich”, “abundant”; Buryat "bayan"; Tuvan “bai”, “pay”. The name and character of the singer are associated with the words “6aya(i)t” - to speak, tell, “fable” - a fairy tale, “bayun” - talker, storyteller, talker, “pribautka” - a joke, “lull” - rock a child to a song, “to charm” - to seduce, to enchant. The ancient “obavnik”, “charmer” means a sorcerer, “balstvo” means divination.

Russian true story, V. Vasnetsov

ABILITIES: Boyana’s progenitor is an animal and “bestial” god, therefore the prophetic singer can hear the voices of birds and animals, and then translate them into human language. The strings of his harp are living, his fingers are prophetic. Boyan is one of the few who can hear the prophecies of the bird, who brings sweet dreams, who is not afraid of deadly chants

Boyan's songs contain both the shamanic tradition, associated with the idea of the world tree, and the skills of early Slavic poetry, dating back to the common Indo-European poetic language.

Monument to Boyan in Yalta

ACTIVITY: From Boyan comes the tradition of composing epics, early oral poetic creativity. He is in time everywhere, where significant events happen, glorifying the wisdom of princes and the exploits of warriors; but for the edification of posterity, he boldly “blows” about strife, betrayal, and the unreasonable pride of rulers, which leads to terrible troubles. Boyan's songs are an oral chronicle of the life of the people.

IN LITERATURE: Prophetic Boyan used to have
If he started singing about someone,
Thought how Gray wolf in the steppe, ran,
Rising to the clouds like an eagle.
... But not ten falcons took off,
And Boyan put his fingers on the strings,
And the living strings rumbled
Glory to those who did not seek praise.

A WORD ABOUT IGOR'S REGIMENT. Translation by N. RYLENKOV

GUSLYARY, V. Vasnetsov

HISTORY: According to the most common modern science point of view, Boyan is a historical figure, a court singer of a number of Russian princes of the 11th century. The author of the Lay names three princes whom Boyan sang: the rival brothers Mstislav Vladimirovich the Brave (d. 1036) and Yaroslav the Wise (d. 1054), as well as the grandson of the second of them, Roman Svyatoslavich (d. 1079), and one prince , whom Boyan condemned: this is Vseslav of Polotsk (ruled in 1044-1101, reigned briefly in Kiev in 1068). Judging by the fact that two of goodies The Boyans ruled in the Chernigov and Tmutarakan principalities dependent on it (and after the death of Mstislav, all of Russia, including Chernigov and Tmutarakan, was ruled by the third of them, Yaroslav the Wise), a hypothesis was put forward that Boyan himself was connected with these places. The chronology shows that Boyan was active as a singer for at least 40 years. In terms of the nature of his creativity, he most likely resembled the Scandinavian skalds, composing rhythmic songs of praise or songs of blasphemy in honor of specific princes.

Monument to Boyan in Trubchevsk

SCULPTURE: Monuments to Boyan were erected in Trubchevsk (1975), Bryansk (1985) and Novgorod-Seversky (1989). The monument to Boyan is a key figure in the composition in honor of the 1000th anniversary of the city of Trubchevsk

IN MEMORY OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. We have preserved the name Boyan in the musical instrument bayan.

And we still continue to talk about it.

DAY IN THE CALENDAR. Some people suggest celebrating Boyana Day on the day of Slavic writing

(175) Information found on the Internet and partially edited.

"THE WORD ABOUT IGOR'S CAMPAIGN"

You can't keep up with Boyan in song!
That Boyan, full of wondrous powers,
Starting to the prophetic chant,
He circled the field like a gray wolf,
Like an eagle, he soared above the tree.
Thoughts spread throughout the tree.
He lived in the thunder of his grandfather's victories,
I knew many feats and fights,
And it’s barely light on a flock of swans
He released about a dozen falcons.

And, meeting the enemy in the air,
The falcons began to massacre,
And the swan flew into the clouds,
And she trumpeted the glory of Yaroslav...

But he didn’t let in ten falcons
Our Boyan, remembering the days of yore,
He raised his prophetic fingers
And he placed live strings on them.
The strings trembled, trembled,
The princes themselves rumbled glory.

This is how the unknown author of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” sings of the legendary 11th century singer Boyan.
The name and character of the singer are associated with the words “6aya(i)t” - to speak, tell, “fable” - a fairy tale, “bayun” - talker, storyteller, talker, “pribautka” - a joke, “lull” - rock a child to a song, “to charm” - to seduce, to enchant.
The ancient “obavnik”, “charmer” means a sorcerer, “balstvo” means divination.
In the same way, the epithet “prophetic” contains the concept of foresight, divination, supernatural knowledge, magic and even healing. From here it is clear that Boyan, also called “Veles’s grandson,” knows everything, composes songs about everything - about gods, about heroes, about Russian princes.
It is possible that the word “boyan” is based on the word “fight”. And then this is a synonym for the word “warrior”. That is, this Boyan was not just a storyteller, but he sang of military feats.
It is not for nothing that his name begins not just a legend, but a word about Igor’s campaign against the Polovtsians, a legend about battles, exploits, victories and defeats.
Boyan’s ancestor is the animal and “bestial” god Beles, so the prophetic singer can hear the voices of birds and animals, and then translate them into human language.
The strings of his harp are living, his fingers are prophetic. Boyan is one of the few who can hear the prophecies of the bird Gamayun, to whom Alkonost brings sweet dreams, who is not afraid of the deadly chants of the Sirin.
By the way, in the old days the Slavs also had a god named Bai or Bayun (this second name of his was reflected in the nickname Kota-Bayun, who knows how to put a person to sleep with songs and fairy tales). Bai was famous for his talkativeness - or rather, eloquence. Magpies, crows and other noisy birds served him.

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. Guslyary

It is impossible to definitely indicate the time of appearance of the harp in Eastern Slavs. It is assumed that the ancestor of the gusli was a hunting bow with a stretched bowstring that sounded like a string.
The first mention of the presence of gusli in Rus' dates back to the 6th century. By the 10th century, the time of Vladimir the Red Sun, not a single princely Sunday feast was complete without the playing of the guslar.

The art of playing the gusli was mastered by such epic heroes, like Dobrynya Nikitich, Vasily Buslaev, Sadko, Stavr Godinovich and his wife. Gusli were depicted on icons and frescoes.

More complex helmet-shaped harps had from 11 to 36 strings and were the property of professional musicians and singers and storytellers.

Boyan, the legendary hymnist from “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” had helmet-shaped harps, who “didn’t let ten falcons descend on a flock of swans, but laid his prophetic fingers on the living strings.”
Simple, wing-shaped, harps were in many peasant houses, they sang lullabies, told fairy tales, danced and danced in circles. Parents made toy goosenecks for their children. Wing-shaped harps were four-, five- and seven-stringed.
Many winged harps from the 13th century were found in Novgorod.

IN XVII-XVIII centuries at the court of the Russian tsars, at evenings and receptions, they sang and danced in circles to the harp in the same way as young people did in the villages.
V.F. Trutovsky, court guslist at the court of Catherine II, was the first to publish a collection of Russian folk songs for performance accompanied by table-shaped gusli, which evolved from helmet-shaped gusli, enclosed in a wooden case, placed on legs.

Efim Chestnyakov

Epic storytelling developed among peasants, especially in the north.
There are two known Zaonezhsky traditions of performing epics, which can be traced back to the 18th century: the first comes from Ilya Elustafyev, the second from Konon Neklyudin.
They gained numerous followers, including women, and both have survived to this day. Storytellers were very popular among the peasants. Entire volosts invited them and listened with bated breath. Epics were performed while walking, sailing on boats, or doing long manual work.

Ryabushkin, Andrey Petrovich. A blind psaltery player singing the old fashioned way. 1887

Oleg Korsunov

Boris Olshansky. Prophetic legend

***

Slavic mythology

Gods

The meaning of BOYAN (BAYAN) in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia

BOYAN (BAYAN)

Boyan or button accordion is a singer whose name is mentioned several times in The Tale of Igor's Campaign. The very word “boyan” or “bayan” (these two forms have been used indifferently since ancient times; the same person is called either Boyan or Bayan) is well known among all Slavs: Russians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Poles, Czechs. It comes from the Old Slavonic “bati”, which meant, on the one hand: “to bewitch”, “to speak”, on the other - “to tell a fabulous”. Hence the Old Slavonic words: “baalnik”, “baalnitsa”, “magician”, “witch”; "baanie", "banie" - divination, "fable"; "banik", "ban" - bayatel, "incantator". Hence the later Russian forms: “bayan”, “boyan”, “balyan” - talker, baishchik, knowledgeable of fairy tales, fables; Belarusian "bayun" - hunter of chatter, storyteller. Along with the common noun meaning among all Slavs, the word “bayan”, “boyan” is also found as a proper name, as the name of a river, locality or person. So, for example, the Bulgarian Tsar Simeon had one of his sons called Boyan; in Bulgaria there is a locality called Boyanovo. Boyanya Street has long been known in Novgorod; The village of Boyanovka still exists in the Kaluga province. The author of "Zadonshchina", a scholar of the early 15th century, recalls "the prophetic Boyan in the city of Kiev, a much better man" who "girded glory to the Russian prince" ... Based on actual references to Boyan in the "Tale of Igor's Campaign" the name was given by the first publishers this monument was also included in Russian science as the name historical person, "the most famous Russian poet in antiquity." At the same time, in the "Pantheon" Russian authors“It is introduced by Karamzin. “We do not know,” he notes, “when Boyan lived, and what was the content of his sweet hymns.” From some places in the Lay, Karamzin concludes that Boyan lived under the Prince of Polotsk Vseslav I (“Pantheon of Russian Authors ", 1801). Later, in the "History of the Russian State", outlining "The Tale of Igor's Campaign", Karamzin considers "heroic tales", songs of Boyanov and many other poets who disappeared in the space of seven or eight centuries as its sources, models for the author." Metropolitan Eugene energetically rebels against any doubts about the historical authenticity of Boyan and includes his name as an ancient Russian singer in his “Dictionary of Secular Russian Writers” (1845). Doubt about the existence of Boyan as a historical figure was expressed by Pushkin. In "Ruslan and Lyudmila" he used the word "accordion" in the common noun sense, in general, "singer"

Brief biographical encyclopedia. 2012

Bayan on the Internet

So, let's define the jargon that is so often used on the Internet. Bayan is a word that expresses disapproval of users if they are shown outdated information. That is, a group of people become indignant if they see news, information, a meme or a joke that has been “circulating” on the Internet for a long time.

Sometimes users in social networks They are indignant if they see regularly repeated news in the same public page. For people it becomes an accordion and they have every right to convey this to the admins.

Summarize. Bayan can be called:

Told for the hundred and first time sad story about the cat.
Old joke.
A meme that has been “walking” on the Internet for several years now. Remember the sensational story with Diana Shurygina. The famous “at the bottom” meme can now safely be called a button accordion.
News that everyone has known about for a long time.

By the way, the word accordion itself has become the source of numerous memes! So it goes.

Bayan in youth slang

Youth slang - separate topic for conversation, since guys use this expression very often. The word bayan began to be actively used after Max +100500 used it in his disclaimer.

Who is the accordion in the word about Igor's campaign? History of the button accordion

The meaning of BOYAN (BAYAN) in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia

See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what BOYAN (BAYAN) is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

Bayan on the Internet

Bayan in youth slang