How to put commas correctly in a rule sentence. When is a comma used? Commas in sentences: rules

Russian language lesson in 3rd grade on the topic: "Development of the ability to distinguish between complex sentences and simple sentences with homogeneous members and to put commas in them." Lesson on the program "Russian language" 3rd grade. (E.V. Buneeva, R.N. Buneev) M: Balass 2011. Based on the Federal State Educational Standards of the NOO.

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Russian language lesson in 3rd grade

According to the Russian Language program, 3rd grade (E.V. Buneeva, R.N. Buneev), M: Balass 2011

Based on the Federal State Educational Standard of the NOO.

Subject : " Development of the ability to distinguish between complex sentences and simple sentences with homogeneous members and to place commas in them.”

Lesson type. Skill development lesson.

Lesson objectives:

Meta-subject results:

Regulatory:

Develop the ability to analyze your actions and determine the sequence of their implementation to solve practical problems.

Cognitive:

Develop the ability to distinguish complex sentences from simple ones with homogeneous members, establish a sequence of actions for placing or not placing commas in sentences, and also correctly format them with punctuation.

Communicative:

To develop the skills of oral monologue speech, written coherent statements using studied structures - complex sentences and sentences (parts) with homogeneous members.

Lesson plan.

1.Organizing moment.

2. A minute of penmanship.

3. Vocabulary work.

4.Updating what has been learned with elements of checking homework.

5.Formulation of the lesson topic.

7. Lesson summary.

8.Homework, grading for the lesson.

During the classes.

1.Organizing moment.

Teacher:

Hello guys. Sit down. Look at each other, smile. Today in class we have to work together. Therefore, remember that we are all classmates, which means we must listen carefully to each other, respect the work of others, and help each other.

Let's start our lesson with a minute of penmanship. Write it down in your notebooks, indenting 2 lines from your homework., "number", "Cool work"

(On the desk ) Twenty-third of April.

Classwork.

The teacher wrote down a sample of writing letters and letter combinations)

"P p" - 1 line;

"pr,sl" - 1 line.

(The teacher looks at how the children completed this task in their notebooks)

2. Vocabulary work.

There are 2 groups of words with missing letters written on the screen. Children are asked to independently compose a sentence from these words and insert the missing letters:

from the words of line 1 - a simple sentence with homogeneous members;

2 lines of words - a complex sentence.

Slide No. 1.

M...g..zine,kil..gra...a,we,bought,two,...pelsins, l...mon, ...din, and.

Blooming, leaf...I, flowers...you, trees...m...l...dying, in...sleep, appearing, on.

Two students are asked to write down the completed sentences on the board, explain the placement of punctuation marks, insert the missing letters, and explain their spelling.

Children's work options:

At the store we bought two kilograms of oranges and one lemon.

In spring, young leaves appear on the trees and flowers bloom.

3.Updating what has been learned with elements of checking homework.

Teacher:

Guys, we will now remember what we already know about sentences, use the supporting words to make sentences, you will get a message about simple and complex sentences.

According to the purpose of the statement

Exclamation and non-exclamation

Secondary members of the sentence

Homogeneous members of the sentence

Comma separates

There is no comma

Parts of a complex sentence

(According to the purpose of utterance, sentences can be narrative, interrogative, motivating)

(By intonation, sentences can be exclamatory or non-exclamatory)

(The subject and predicate are the main parts of the sentence)

(Members of the sentence that are not main ones are called secondary members of the sentence)

(Members of a sentence that answer one question and relate to one member of a sentence are called homogeneous)

(A comma separates homogeneous members of a sentence)

(A comma should not be placed between homogeneous members of a sentence if they are connected by the conjunction and).

(Parts of a complex sentence are separated by a comma)

What is special about the complex sentence that you wrote at home in ex. No. 451? (One of the parts of this sentence contains homogeneous members of the sentence). Read it. How many commas should be put in it? (The boy loves animals very much, every summer he goes to the dacha, there he picks up some chicks and feeds them).

Physical education minute.

Teacher:

Stand up, let's do the exercises.

It’s spring now, a light breeze is blowing, shaking the tree branches, rustling young leaves.

(Hands are raised up, a movement is performed with the hands, imitating the rustling of leaves, the blowing of the wind).

Sometimes its gusts become stronger and stronger, the spring wind swirls and swirls. (Circles with arms clockwise and back).

All living things reach out to the sun. (Tilting the head up and down, moving the arms up and down).

We see flowers blooming. Let's look at them. (Squats are performed).

6.Development of educational, language and speech skills.

Teacher:

From these simple sentences, make complex ones, place punctuation marks, draw sentence diagrams.

The red sun descended to the earth.

There was a whiff of evening coolness.

Suddenly a noise was heard.

The swans flew to the lake.

They silently landed on the water.

They began to slide along the surface of the lake.

Student work option.

The red sun descended to the ground and blew the evening cool. Suddenly a noise was heard; swans flew to the lake. They silently sat down on the water and began to glide along the surface of the lake.

Teacher:

Guys, name the grammatical basis in each sentence. Name a simple sentence with homogeneous members. Find complex sentences. How did you determine this?

(A complex sentence has two grammatical bases (sentence No. 1, 2), and a simple one - one; a simple sentence has homogeneous members (sentence No. 2)).

Let's compare our conclusion with the conclusion in the textbook, read the algorithm for placing a comma inside a sentence (p. 179).

Practice using commas.

Slide number 2.

Write down the sentences and add punctuation marks.

At the beginning of summer, the acacia tree bloomed and a delicate aroma hung in the air. I saw a fussy bee. She circled over the flowers and flew from one to another. The insect seemed to be looking for something. The bee disappeared into the flower and did not appear for a long time. Then she took off anyway. Not alone. A second bee emerged from the flower. Apparently these are old friends. They met and decided to chat.

7. Lesson summary.

Guys, tell me how to distinguish between a simple sentence with homogeneous members and a complex sentence? (Children tell how to use the algorithm).

8. Homework.

Children write down the assignment for home (the teacher made a note on the board: p. 179, learn the algorithm, compose a text (at least 5 sentences), using the constructions of complex sentences and simple sentences with homogeneous members of the sentence).

Assessing student work in class.

Teacher:

(Children raise a card, the color of which corresponds to a certain rating: red “5”, green “4”, yellow “3”, black “much did not work out”. If desired, students explain why they gave themselves such a rating, comment on the ratings of their classmates: “I I think I worked at “5” in class today, I gave a complete correct answer to the question, completed the task at the board without errors or shortcomings...”)

Teacher:

The lesson is over.

(End of the lesson).

There are only 10 punctuation marks. But in writing they help to express all the variety of shades of meaning in oral speech. The same sign can be used in different cases. And at the same time play a different role. 20 chapters outline the main patterns of punctuation marks that are studied at school. All rules are illustrated with clear examples. Give them special attention. If you remember the example, you will avoid mistakes.

• Introduction: What is punctuation?

  §1. Meaning of the term punctuation
  §2. What punctuation marks are used in written speech in Russian?
  §3. What role do punctuation marks play?

• Chapter 1. Signs of completeness and incompleteness of thought. Period, question mark, exclamation mark. Ellipsis

  Period, question and exclamation marks
  Ellipsis at the end of a sentence

• Chapter 2. Signs of incompleteness of a statement. Comma, semicolon

  §1. Comma
  §2. Semicolon

• Chapter 3. Sign of incompleteness of a statement. Colon

  Why do you need a colon?
  Colon in a simple sentence
  Colon in a complex sentence

• Chapter 4. Sign of incompleteness of a statement. Dash

  §1. Dash
  §2. Double dash

• Chapter 5. Double signs. Quotes. Brackets

  §1. Quotes
  §2. Brackets

• Chapter 6. Punctuation of a simple sentence. Dash between subject and predicate

  A dash is placed
  There is no dash

• Chapter 7. Punctuation of a simple sentence with a complex structure. Punctuation marks for homogeneous members

  §1. Punctuation marks for homogeneous members without a generalizing word
  §2. Punctuation marks for homogeneous members with a generalizing word

• Chapter 8. Punctuation of a simple sentence complicated by a separate definition

  §1. Separating agreed definitions
  §2. Separating inconsistent definitions
  §3. Segregation of applications

• Chapter 9. Punctuation of a simple sentence complicated by a separate circumstance

  Circumstances are isolated
  Circumstances are not isolated

• Chapter 10. Punctuation of a simple sentence, complicated by clarifying or explanatory members of the sentence.

  §1. Clarification
  §2. Explanation

• Chapter 11. Punctuation of a simple sentence complicated by introductory words, introductory sentences and inserted constructions

  §1. Sentences with introductory words
  §2. Sentences with introductory sentences
  §3. Offers with plug-in structures

• Chapter 12. Punctuation when addressing

  Addresses and their punctuation in writing

• Chapter 13. Punctuation in comparative phrases

  §1. Separate comparative turns with commas
  §2. Turns with a conjunction: comparative and non-comparative

• Chapter 14. Punctuation in direct speech

  §1. Punctuation of direct speech accompanied by the words of the author
  §2. Dialogue punctuation

It is known that the sign that performs the function of a comma was invented in the third century BC by the philosopher of Ancient Greece Aristophanes of Byzantium. Already in those distant times, humanity felt the need to clarify written language. Aristophanes of Byzantium invented a system of signs that was not very similar to current punctuation marks. The system had special points that were placed, depending on the pronunciation of the phrase when reading, at the top, middle or bottom of the line. The dot in the middle of the line served as a comma and was called “comma”.

The sign we now use to denote a comma is derived from the fraction sign; it is also called the “straight slash”. This sign was used from the 13th to 17th centuries AD to indicate a pause. But the modern comma is a mini-copy of the forward slash.

How can you tell if a comma is used in a given sentence? In Russian, as in many other languages, a comma is a punctuation mark. In writing it is used for highlighting and isolation:

• circumstances;
• participial and participial phrases;
• definitions;
• appeals;
• interjections;
• clarifications, introductory words.

In addition, commas are also used for separation:

• between direct and indirect speech;
• between parts of a complex, complex and complex sentence;
• homogeneous members of the sentence.

The comma is a very interesting punctuation mark. This is proven by numerous funny and not so funny situations that actually happened. To prevent such situations from happening to you, take the trouble to learn some rules for placing commas in sentences.

Commas are placed either in pairs or alone. Single commas divide a whole sentence into parts, separating these parts by marking their boundaries. For example, in a complex sentence you need to separate two simple parts, or in a simple sentence - homogeneous members of the sentence used in listing. Paired or double commas highlight an independent part of it, marking boundaries on both sides. Usually, introductory words, adverbial and participial phrases, and appeals are highlighted on both sides if they are in the middle of the sentence and if all the necessary conditions for this are met. Understanding where commas are placed is quite difficult. But you can simplify this by remembering a few simple rules.

First rule

The main thing is to understand the meaning of the sentence. After all, punctuation marks are placed in sentences precisely to convey the correct meaning. When a comma is placed in the wrong place in a sentence, the meaning is distorted. For example: “In the evening I entertained my brother, who was sick, by reading aloud”; “Masha, with whom I quarreled yesterday, ran towards me with a cheerful face.”

Second rule

It is important to remember which conjunctions are preceded by a comma. Such conjunctions include: since, because, where, what, when, which and many others. For example: “I’ll stop by when I’m free”; "He said he'd be late."

Third rule

To highlight an independent part of a sentence, you need to read the sentence without this part. If the meaning of the sentence is clear, then the removed part is independent. Participial phrases, introductory sentences and words must be highlighted with commas. For example: “I recently learned that my neighbor, returning from London, fell ill.” Remove the adverbial phrase “returning from London” from the sentence; its meaning will remain virtually unchanged. That is, the meaning of the sentence is preserved - “I recently found out that my neighbor got sick.”

But this does not always happen with participle phrases; there are sentences in which the participle adjoins the predicate, and in meaning it becomes very similar to an adverb. In such cases, single gerunds are separated by commas. For example, Griboyedov’s phrase: “Why, sir, are you crying? Live your life laughing." If you remove a gerund from a sentence, it will become incomprehensible, so there is no need to put a comma.

Regarding introductory words, they are always separated by commas on both sides. There are a lot of them: of course, fortunately, firstly, by the way, imagine, by the way, etc. It’s not difficult to find them in a sentence, you just have to try to remove them from the sentence.

Fourth rule

Addresses are always separated by commas in sentences. When it is in the middle or at the end of a sentence, it is not very easy to identify. For example: “Alas, Margarita, but you are wrong. Because I was there too. And I saw everything. And you, Lida, I saw among those people who sang in the choir.”

Fifth rule

In what cases is a comma used in comparative phrases? Almost all of them! It is very easy to find a comparative phrase in a sentence using conjunctions: exactly, as, as if, that, as, rather than, than, and so on. But there are exceptions. Comparative phrases are not highlighted if they are stable figures of speech or phraseological units. For example: it pours like a bucket, it cuts like clockwork.

Sixth rule

A comma is placed between homogeneous terms, but not always. A comma is necessary for the conjunctions a, yes, but, but, however.

Also, a comma is needed between homogeneous members that are connected by repeating conjunctions (and ... and, or ... or, not that ... not that, either ... or).

There is no need to place a comma between homogeneous members that are connected by single conjunctions yes, and, either, or.

Also, repeating conjunctions before homogeneous members of a sentence will help determine where commas are placed. Complexity is created only by homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions. A comma must be placed between homogeneous definitions. For example: “an interesting, exciting film.” For heterogeneous definitions, a comma is not needed. For example: "exciting Hollywood action movie." The word "exciting" is an expression of impression, and "Hollywood" in turn means the film belongs to the place where it was made.

Seventh rule

Coordinating conjunctions in complex sentences must be preceded by a comma. These are such conjunctions: and, yes, or, either, yes and. The main thing is to correctly determine where one sentence ends and another begins. To do this, you need to find the subjects and predicate in each sentence or divide a complex sentence according to its meaning.

Eighth rule

A comma is always placed before contrastive conjunctions: but, yes, and.

Ninth Rule

When is a comma used in sentences with a participial phrase? Understanding this rule is somewhat more difficult than with the adverbial phrase. It is important to remember that participles are separated by commas only when they come after the word they define. The rule being defined is the word from which the question is asked to the participial phrase. For example: “a friend (what?) who was delighted at my arrival.” It is worth understanding the difference: “a pear grown in the garden” – “a pear grown in the garden.”

Tenth Rule

Affirmative, interrogative, negative words and interjections are separated by commas. An interjection is always followed by a comma. For example: “Life, alas, is not an eternal gift.” But we should distinguish the interjection from the particles oh, ah, well, which are used to enhance the shade, and the particle o, which is used when addressing. For example: “Oh, what are you!”; "Oh field, field!"

Commas must be treated very carefully, because a misspelled word can be mistaken for a typo, and missing a comma, as linguists say, can greatly distort the meaning of the written text.

The comma is the simplest and most prosaic, but at the same time the most insidious sign. Its formulation implies an understanding of how speech is constructed and structured, what meanings appear and disappear if the comma is placed incorrectly. Of course, in a short article it is impossible to describe in what cases a comma is used and list absolutely everything; we will focus only on the most common and simple ones.

Enumeration and homogeneous members

Correct placement of commas in a simple sentence begins with knowing the rule that homogeneous members of a sentence must be separated by a comma:

I love, adore, idolize cats.

I love cats, dogs, horses.

Difficulties arise if there is a conjunction “and” between homogeneous members of the sentence. The rule here is simple: if the conjunction is single, a comma is not needed:

I love dogs, cats and horses.

If there is more than one conjunction, then a comma is placed before the second conjunction and further:

I love dogs, cats, and horses.

Otherwise, a comma is placed before the conjunction “a”. The rule dictates the placement of the sign in any case and also applies to the conjunction “but” and the conjunction “yes” in the meaning of “but”:

My neighbor doesn't like dogs, but cats.

Cats love cautious people, but avoid noisy and angry people.

Definition with personal pronoun

Difficulties with where a comma is needed also arise when it comes to definition. However, everything is simple here too.

If a single adjective refers to a personal pronoun, it is separated by a comma:

Satisfied, she entered the room and showed the purchase.

I saw this dog then. She, joyful, wagged her tail, trembled and jumped on her owner all the time.

Separate definition

If you are memorizing the rules about when to use a comma, then the third point should be a separate definition.

By separate definition we mean, first of all, It is separated by commas in the case when it follows the word to which it refers:

A boy who has read books about travel will never pass indifferently past a travel agency or a store with tents and lanterns.

The cat, who had barely waited for the treat, was now purring and looking affectionately at its owner.

A boy who has read books about travel will never pass indifferently past a travel agency or a store with tents and lanterns.

The cat, which had barely waited for the treat, was now purring and looking affectionately at its owner.

Special circumstances

Commas in both simple and complex sentences separate a single gerund and a participial phrase:

The cat purred and lay down on my lap.

The dog, after growling, calmed down and let us talk.

After making a number of comments about the new project, the boss left.

Introductory words

Introductory words are words that show the reliability of information, its source or the speaker’s attitude to this information.

These are words that could potentially be expanded into a sentence:

This artist, of course, won the hearts of all his contemporaries.

Natasha doesn't seem to have any intention of taking care of her father.

Leonid apparently has no idea why so many people have appeared around him lately.

Appeals

If there is an address in the sentence, and it is not a pronoun, then it must be separated by commas on both sides.

Hello, dear Leo!

Goodbye, Lydia Borisovna.

Do you know, Masha, what I want to tell you?

Linda, come to me!

Unfortunately, ignorance of when to use a comma often leads to illiterate execution of business letters. Among these errors are the omission of a comma when addressing, and the insertion of an extra comma when pronouncing:

Good afternoon Pavel Evgenievich!(Need to: Good afternoon, Pavel Evgenievich!)

Svetlana Borisovna, we have also prepared our new samples for you. ( Need to : Svetlana Borisovna, we have also prepared our new samples for you.)

How do you think it is advisable to conclude this agreement? ( Need to : Do you think it is advisable to conclude this agreement?)

Comma in a complex sentence

In general, all the rules regarding the cases in which a comma is placed in a complex sentence essentially boil down to one thing: all parts of any complex sentence must be separated from each other by a punctuation mark.

Spring has come, the sun is shining, sparrows are scurrying about, children are running around triumphantly.

They bought him a new computer because the old one could no longer work due to the small amount of memory and incompatibility with new programs.

What else can you do if not have fun when there is nothing else left to do?

At the head of the procession was a little red-haired boy, he was probably the most important.

A comma in a complex sentence is placed in all cases, except for a unifying word, and if another sign is not needed at the junction of parts of the sentence, first of all, a colon.

Exception: unifying word

If parts of a complex sentence are combined by a single word (for example, then a comma is not placed between these parts of the sentence:

and the birds flew in, our company somehow perked up.

Wed: Spring has come, the birds have flown in, and our company has somehow become more lively.

This word can be not only at the very beginning of a sentence:

We will go to this meeting only as a last resort, only if all the conditions are agreed upon and the text of the agreement is agreed upon.

Comma or colon?

A colon should replace a comma if the meaning of the first part is revealed in the second:

It was a wonderful time: we drew what we wanted.

Now he got down to the most important thing: he was making a gift for his mother.

The dog no longer wanted to go for walks: the owners had so intimidated her with training that it was easier to sit under the table.

Sentences containing "how"

Many mistakes regarding when to use a comma arise from a misunderstanding of the difference between the two meanings of the word “as.”

The first meaning of this word is comparative. In this case, the sentence is separated by commas:

The aspen leaf, like a butterfly, rose higher and higher.

The second meaning is an indication of identity. In such cases, the phrase with “how” is not separated by commas:

The butterfly as an insect is of little interest to people who are accustomed to seeing animals as a source of warmth and communication.

Therefore the sentence: " I, like your mother, will not allow you to ruin your life" can be punctuated in two ways. If the speaker is really the listener's mother, then the word "how" is used as a word indicating identity ("I" and "mom" are the same thing), so there is no need for commas.

If the speaker compares himself with the mother of the listener (“I” and “mother” are not the same thing, “I” is compared” with “mother”), then commas are needed:

I, like your mother, will not allow you to ruin your life.

If “how” is part of the predicate, the comma is also omitted:

The lake is like a mirror. ( Wed .: The lake, like a mirror, sparkled and reflected the clouds).

Music is like life. (Music, like life, does not last forever.)

Formal signs of the need for a comma: to trust or not?

Special features of sentences will help you pay attention to when a comma is used. However, you should not trust them too much.

So, for example, this primarily concerns whether a comma is placed before “so that.” The rule seems to be unambiguous: “A comma is always placed before “so that”.” However, any rule should not be taken too literally. For example, a sentence with "so" could be:

He wanted to talk to her to find out the truth and to talk about how he lived his life.

As you can see, the rule works here, but the second “so” does not require a comma. However, this error is quite common:

We went to the store just to study the prices and to see what we could buy for lunch in this city.

Right : We went to the store just to study the prices and to see what we could buy for lunch in this city.

The same goes for the word “how”. It was already said above that, firstly, a word has two meanings, and secondly, it can be part of different members of a sentence, so you should not trust the common formulation “There is always a comma before “as”.”

The third common case of a formal sign of the need for a comma is the word “yes”. However, it should also be treated with great caution. The word “yes” has several meanings, including “and”:

He took his brushes and went to paint.

The jackdaws and crows flocked in, but the titmice were still missing.

Such formal signs should rather be treated as potentially “dangerous” places. Words like “so that”, “what would”, “how”, “yes” can signal that there may be a comma in this sentence. These “signals” will help you not to miss commas in sentences, but the rule regarding these signs themselves should never be overlooked.

At the same time, when placing commas, you should rather focus not on the “rules”, but on the meaning of the sign. The comma, in general, is intended to separate homogeneous members of a sentence, parts of a complex sentence, as well as fragments that do not fit into the structure of the sentence, which are alien to it (addresses, introductory words, etc.). The rules only specify each case. This even applies to the formula “you need a comma before “to”.” This rule actually specifies the general principle of punctuation. But in general, of course, when writing you need to think!

Target: Creating conditions for developing the ability to put punctuation marks in a complex sentence through the algorithmization of students’ activities.

1. Introduce the rules for placing punctuation marks in a complex sentence; compare the placement of punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence and between homogeneous members connected by a single conjunction And.
2. Contribute to the development of educational information skills and communication skills.
3. Foster a culture of mental work and accuracy.

Equipment:

1. Ivanov S.V. and others. Russian language: 4th grade: textbook for students of general education institutions: part 2 - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2009.
2. Kuznetsova M.I. Writing correctly: workbook No. 2 for 4th grade students in general education institutions. – M.: Ventana-Graf, 2009.

During the classes

1. Organizing time

Guys, look at the guests, say hello and give them your kind smiles.

2. Calligraphy

Open your notebooks, sign the number, great job.

Look at the board, what did I write? ( And but but)

How to call it in one word? (Unions)

What do you know about them? (They connect homogeneous members of a sentence and parts of a complex sentence; they are called coordinating)

Let's work on cursive writing. Write two chains without interruption.

Make your own pattern from these letters.

3. Interactive warm-up

Now let's do an interactive warm-up.

If you agree that syntax is a branch of the science of language that studies the structure of coherent speech, clap your hands.

If you are sure that syntactic units of speech include phrases, sentences, texts, nod your head.

If you know that the grammatical basis, phraseology and homogeneous members are not a phrase, wave your hand.

If you are sure that a complex sentence is a sentence that consists of two or more parts that are related in meaning and intonation, stamp your foot.

If you agree that a sentence cannot exist without minor members, stand up.

Why didn't you complete the last step? (A sentence cannot exist without a grammatical basis)

Did you like the interactive warm-up? Why did we do it? (To remember the material studied)

4. Introduction to the topic of the lesson. Setting a learning task

a) Write the following sentence in your notebook (one student at the blackboard):

Streams run, meet each other and turn into a forest rivulet.

Emphasize the grammatical basis.

Describe this sentence (declarative, non-exclamatory, simple, complete, common, with homogeneous predicates).

b) Read the sentences on the board:

We boarded the train and my mother waved to us.

Lilacs grew along the path, and in the depths of the garden my father planted a jasmine bush.

What can you say about these proposals?

How did you determine that these sentences are complex? (each sentence consists of two parts, each part has its own grammatical basis)

Compare the placement of commas in complex sentences and a simple sentence. What did you notice?

Does placing a comma between parts of a complex sentence depend on what conjunction the parts are connected by? (No)

What conclusion can be drawn? (A comma is always placed between parts of a complex sentence.) A diagram appears on the board:, and

Name the topic of our lesson. (Punctuation marks in a complex sentence).

Set a learning task for the lesson. What are we going to learn? (We will learn to put punctuation marks in a complex sentence, distinguish between a simple sentence and a complex one)

5. Learning new material

a) Drawing up the algorithm “Placing a comma between parts of a complex sentence.”

– What conclusion did we just draw? (Parts of a complex sentence are separated by a comma)

Now try to determine what actions need to be performed in order to correctly place punctuation marks in a complex sentence.

Unite in groups and try to create such an algorithm of actions.

b) Checking work in groups:

1. What's the first step? (Find the grammatical basis)
2. What's the second step? (Determine how many parts there are in this complex sentence)
3. Third step? (Find a conjunction that connects parts of a complex sentence)
4. Fourth step? (At the boundary of parts of a complex sentence, place a comma before the conjunction)

c) Checking the algorithm using the textbook.

Let's check ourselves. Open your textbooks to page 135 and read the rule.

What is there in the rule that we haven’t mentioned? (Parts of a complex sentence can be connected by a conjunction; a comma must be placed before the conjunction)

Why did we create the algorithm?

Let's move on to doing the exercises.

6. Consolidating the rules for placing punctuation marks

a) Primary consolidation of the rule.

Execution of exercise 1 page 135 with commentary.

Why even before a single union And in two sentences was there a comma?

b) Performing exercise. 2 p. 136.

Read the assignment to yourself.

What should we do?

Write out a complex sentence.

Who didn't make mistakes?

Why did you complete the task easily?

Read the rest of the sentences.

How are they similar? (Simple sentences with homogeneous predicates)

You will write down these sentences at home and underline the homogeneous parts of the sentence.

c) Work in pairs - exercise 3 p. 136

Read the assignment. You will work in pairs, orally.

Are there any errors in punctuation? In what sentences?

Write these sentences correctly.

Explain why some sentences have a comma before the conjunction And needed, but not in others?

7. Work in printed notebooks

Open p.42, exercise 2.

Let's read the task.

When before single unions And And or is there a comma, and when not?

What proposals do these schemes correspond to? (1,4 – with homogeneous and members; 2, 3 – complex sentence)

Choose two schemes and continue the sentences according to the schemes.

8. Homework

Exercise 2 p. 136 (write out simple sentences, underline homogeneous parts of the sentence); additionally - ex. 3 p.42 in a printed notebook.

9. Reflection. Lesson summary

What learning task was set for the lesson?

How does a simple sentence with homogeneous members differ from a complex sentence?

Where will the new knowledge be used?

Who would you like to recognize in class and give a compliment to?

Complete the sentence:

Today I found out...

I can…

I will try…

It was difficult for me...