Sokolov-mikitov Ivan Sergeevich, brief autobiography. Russian Soviet writer Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov: biography and works About books that you cannot pass by
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Biography, life story of Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov is an original Russian wordsmith who worked mainly in the Soviet era.
early years
The birthplace of Ivan Sergeevich was the Oseki tract, located in the Kaluga province. There, the outstanding writer was born on May 17 (29), 1892. The mother was a simple peasant woman, and the father was responsible for the forest lands belonging to representatives of the famous merchant dynasty of the Konshins. The parent himself was from the Smolensk region, where the family moved in 1895.
As soon as Ivan turned 10 years old, he was sent to a real school. During his studies, the teenager became imbued with revolutionary ideas. And so much so that he began to attend illegal circles in which romantics like him dreamed of a communist paradise in Rus'. But the administration of the establishment found out about the underground meetings. As a result, the young man was expelled from the school. By that time, he had studied for just over four years.
The road to literature
In 1910, the former “realist” arrived in St. Petersburg, where he began to study the basics of farming on the land. It was this year that Ivan Sergeevich began his creative career, which was marked by the appearance of a fairy tale called “The Salt of the Earth.” Over time, Sokolov-Mikitov realized that he would not make an agronomist. The young man was increasingly inclined towards the literary path. He became a frequent visitor to specialized circles, which were also attended by other aspiring Russian writers, in particular, the two Alexanders - Green and Kuprin.
Sokolov-Mikitov began his career in Revel, where he got a job at a local newspaper. It would seem that one could calmly engage in writing, but the restless soul of Ivan Sergeevich completely denied a calm atmosphere. Quite unexpectedly for those around him, he found himself a new job, this time on a merchant navy ship. And he set off on a journey to the African shores.
CONTINUED BELOW
The news of the beginning of the First World War overtook Sokolov-Mikitov in the distant ocean. Without delay, he returned to his native land and took a direct part in the battles, namely, he destroyed enemy positions as part of the crew of a bomber under the formidable nickname “Ilya Muromets”.
In 1919, Ivan Sergeevich returned to peaceful life and again got a job at a trading lot. After a year of sailing, the ship "Omsk" with sailor Sokolov-Mikitov found itself near the British coast, where it was arrested and then auctioned off for debts.
Living abroad and returning home
Such an unexpected outcome of his naval career forced Ivan Sergeevich to wander around foreign countries. First he lived in England, then ended up in the German capital. It is not known what the future fate of the traveler would have been if there had not been a meeting with. The famous “Russian petrel” assisted his compatriot in obtaining documents. Thanks to him, Sokolov-Mikitov was able to return to Russia.
But even there the writer did not look for an easy life, but traveled a lot to various parts of the country and even took part in dangerous Arctic expeditions. In the early 30s of the last century, stories came from his pen telling about the harsh and brave everyday life of the conquerors of the Arctic Ocean.
Family
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov was married to Lydia Ivanovna Sokolova, whom he met at a publishing house in the capital. Three girls were born in her marriage. All daughters passed away long before the death of their parents.
Sokolov-Mikitov died in Moscow on February 20, 1975. According to his will, he was cremated. The ashes rested in the New Cemetery in Gatchina.
Sokolov-Mikitov Ivan Sergeevich
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Sokolov - Mikitov Ivan Sergeevich (05/30/1892 - 02/20/1975) - was born near Kaluga, but while still an infant he was transported to the Smolensk province, to his father’s homeland, where he spent his childhood, adolescence and youth.
In 1895, the family moved to their father’s homeland in the village of Kislovo, Dorogobuzhsky (now Ugransky) district, Smolensk region. He studied at the Smolensk Alexander Real School (currently there is a memorial plaque on the building). Expelled from 5th grade “due to poor academic performance and bad behavior on suspicion of belonging to student revolutionary organizations.” He continued his studies at the St. Petersburg four-year agricultural courses of the Main Directorate of Land Management and Agriculture. In St. Petersburg, he met the writer A. M. Remizov, who played a significant role in his literary destiny; with V. Ya. Shishkov, M. M. Prishvin, made friends with A. Green and A. I. Kuprin. Having convinced himself that he has no inclination towards agronomic sciences, he leaves courses, attends literary debates and public libraries. In 1910 he wrote his first work - the fairy tale “The Salt of the Earth”. In 1912 he moved to Revel (now Tallinn) to the position of secretary of the newspaper “Revel Leaflet”. From Revel, Sokolov-Mikitov sets off as a sailor on his first voyage. Visited Turkey, Egypt, Syria, Greece, Africa, the Netherlands, England, Italy.
It began publishing in 1915. The first publications were in Petrograd magazines and newspapers - “Argus”, “Birzhevye Vedomosti”, “The Will of the People”, etc. In short correspondence from the front of the First World War “With a stretcher”, “The calm before the storm” and others tell the harsh truth about the war. In 1918-19 works as a teacher at a unified labor school in Dorogobuzh. In the book “Istok-City” he develops the idea of harmonious upbringing of children. In 1920, together with the crew of the ship "Omsk", he was interned in England. In 1921 he moved to Germany. In Berlin he collaborates with A. Yashchenko, is close with A. Remizov, A. Tolstoy, corresponds with I. Bunin, meets with M. Gorky. In the emigrant press he publishes a number of essays directed against revolutionary changes in the Russian countryside and the willfulness of Bolshevism.
In 1922 he returned to Russia and worked in the Smolensk region. During this period, he created his best works, the stories “Childhood” (1930), “Elen” (1928), “Chizhikov Lavra” (1926), the cycle of stories “On the Nevestnitsa River” (1925), “Through the Magpie Kingdom” (1927), etc. Most of them deal with the theme of the Russian village and the fate of the Russian peasantry, which is close to the author. The work of Sokolov-Mikitov was highly appreciated by his contemporaries - I. A. Bunin, A. I. Kuprin, M. Gorky. In 1929 he moved with his family to Gatchina. In the 1930s participates in expeditions to Novaya Zemlya, Franz Joseph Land. Books published by S.-M. “Lenkoran” (1934), “The Paths of Ships” (1934), “White Shores” (1936), “Northern Stories” (1939); and others. S.-M.’s mastery and his artistic world have their origins in folklore, in folk life and customs, in the tradition of Russian classical prose. A long-term, warm friendship connected Sokolov-Mikitov with Tvardovsky.
Sokolov-Mikitov is widely known as a children's writer. His books “Fox Dodges”, “Falling Leaves”, “Friendship of Animals”, “Karacharovsky House” and many others introduce the little reader to the colorful world of nature; collections of Russian children's games - “On the Pebble”, “Zarya-zarenitsa” - with folk traditions and folklore.
In the last years of his life, Sokolov-Mikitov became blind. The last book of memoirs, “Old Meetings” (1976), was written under dictation. Works by S.-M. translated into many languages of the world.
Literature:- TSB.- Ed. 3rd - T. 24, - P. 136;
- Smirnov M. Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov. Essay on life and creativity.-L., 1974;
- Memories of I. Sokolov-Mikitov. - M., 1984;
- Kozyr V.V. Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov: To the 80th anniversary of his birth. Recommendation index of literature (bibliography). - Smolensk, 1972.
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov, a Russian writer, naturalist and traveler, was born in the Oseki tract, in the Kaluga province, on May 30 (18), 1892, in the family of a clerk who served for a merchant who traded timber. Vanya spent her childhood and early youth in the Smolensk region, in the vastness of the Ugra. In 1910, he went to St. Petersburg, where he enrolled in agricultural courses, and soon after that he got a job in Reval (now Tallinn) on a merchant ship, thanks to which he visited many countries in Europe, Asia and Africa over several years. In 1918, after demobilization, Ivan Sergeevich returned to the Smolensk region, to his parents. Here he worked as a teacher in a unified labor school. By this time, he had already published his first stories, which were noticed by Bunin and Kuprin.
In 1919, Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov signed up as a sailor on a merchant ship. The following year, 1920, Ivan Sergeevich, along with his entire crew, was decommissioned from the ship "Omsk", which was sold at auction in Hull (England) for debts. Thus began an unexpected forced long-term emigration. He lived in England for about a year and then, in 1921, moved to Germany. Finally, after almost two years abroad, Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov returns to his homeland, Russia. Long wanderings around various port shelters in Hull and London became the basis for the book “Siskin Lavra”, written in 1926.
Subsequently, Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov repeatedly participated in Arctic expeditions led by the famous Otto Yulievich Schmidt. On the icebreaker Georgy Sedov, travelers went to the Arctic Ocean and Franz Josef Land, and once went to the rescue of the icebreaker Malygin. Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov participated in this expedition as a correspondent for the Izvestia newspaper. The experience of Arctic expeditions gave him a lot of material for the series of essays “White Shores”, as well as the story “The Rescue of the Ship”. You can read about the writer’s numerous and varied travels around his native country in the books “The Paths of Ships” (1934), “Lenkoran” (1934), “Swans Are Flying” (1936), “Northern Stories” (1939), “On the Awakened Land” ( 1941), “Stories about the Motherland” (1947) and in other works.
For a quarter of a century, Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov often visited the village of Karacharovo, Konakovo district. Having visited relatives here in October 1951, the writer purchased a log house and began to personally build his “Karacharov” house. Since the summer of 1952, Ivan Sergeevich spends most of the year in Karacharovo. Here he works on his now famous books “Childhood” (1953), “On the Warm Earth” (1954), “Sounds of the Earth” (1962), “Karacharov’s Records” (1968), “At the Holy Springs” (1969) and others works.
Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov was a member of the editorial board of the literary and artistic collection "Native Land". The regional book publishing house published his books “The First Hunt” (1953), “Leaf Faller” (1955), “Stories about the Motherland” (1956) and many others.
Ivan Sergeevich often turned to the genre of memoirs; books such as “Dating with Childhood” and “Autobiographical Notes” were written in him. Until his last day, Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov was writing a book of his memoirs, “Old Meetings,” in which you can see “portrait essays” dedicated to many of our famous writers - Maxim Gorky, Ivan Bunin, Alexander Kuprin, Mikhail Prishvin, Alexander Green, Alexander Tvardovsky. Also mentioned in it are polar explorer Pyotr Svirnenko, artist and scientist Nikolai Pinegin and many others.
Writers Alexander Tvardovsky, Viktor Nekrasov, Konstantin Fedin, Vladimir Soloukhin, many journalists and artists visited Ivan Sergeevich’s “Karacharovsky” house.
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov died on February 20, 1975. The urn with his ashes was buried in the cemetery in Gatchina. In 1981, a memorial plaque was installed on his “Karacharovsky” house.
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov (1892-1975) - Russian Soviet writer.
Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov was born in the Oseki tract of the Kaluga province (now Peremyshl district of the Kaluga region) in the family of Sergei Nikitich Sokolov, a manager of the forest lands of the wealthy merchants Konshins.
In 1895, the family moved to their father’s homeland in the village of Kislovo, Dorogobuzh district (now Ugransky district, Smolensk region). When he was ten years old, his father took him to Smolensk where he enrolled him in the Smolensk Alexander Real School. At the school, Sokolov-Mikitov became interested in the ideas of revolution. For participation in underground revolutionary circles, Sokolov-Mikitov was expelled from the fifth grade of the school. In 1910, Sokolov-Mikitov left for St. Petersburg, where he began attending agricultural courses. In the same year he wrote his first work - the fairy tale “The Salt of the Earth”. Soon Sokolov-Mikitov realizes that he has no inclination for agricultural work, and begins to become more and more interested in literature. He attends literary circles, meets many famous writers Alexei Remizov, Alexander Green, Vyacheslav Shishkov, Mikhail Prishvin, Alexander Kuprin.
Since 1912, Sokolov-Mikitov worked in Revel as secretary of the newspaper “Revelsky Listok”. Soon he got a job on a merchant ship and visited many port cities in Europe and Africa. In 1915, in connection with the outbreak of the First World War, he returned to Russia. During the war, Sokolov-Mikitov, together with the famous pilot Gleb Alekhnovich, flew combat missions on the Russian bomber Ilya Muromets.
In 1919, Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov signed up as a sailor on the merchant ship Omsk. However, in 1920 in England, the ship was arrested and sold at auction for debts. For Sokolov-Mikitov, forced emigration began. He lived in England for a year, and then in 1921 he moved to Germany. In 1922, Sokolov-Mikitov met in Berlin with Maxim Gorky, who helped him obtain the documents necessary to return to his homeland.
After returning to Russia, Sokolov-Mikitov travels a lot, participating in Arctic expeditions on the icebreaker Georgiy Sedov, led by Otto Schmidt. Expeditions to the Arctic Ocean, Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya were followed by an expedition to rescue the icebreaker "Malygin", in which he participated as a correspondent for Izvestia.
In 1930-1931 the cycles “Overseas Stories”, “On White Earth” and the story “Childhood” were published.
In 1929-1934, Sokolov-Mikitov lived and worked in Gatchina. Famous writers Evgeny Zamyatin, Vyacheslav Shishkov, Vitaly Bianki, Konstantin Fedin often come to visit him.
On July 1, 1934, Sokolov-Mikitov was admitted to the Union of Soviet Writers.
During World War II, Sokolov-Mikitov worked in Molotov as a special correspondent for Izvestia. In the summer of 1945 he returned to Leningrad.
Beginning in the summer of 1952, Sokolov-Mikitov began to live in a house he built with his own hands in the village of Karacharovo, Konakovsky district. Here he writes most of his works.
Writers visited his “Karacharov” house
Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov, whose biography is given in this article, is a famous Soviet and Russian writer. He also made a name for himself in journalism, and was a popular publicist and special correspondent for many publications.
Childhood and youth
Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov, whose biography you are now reading, was born in 1892. He was born on the territory of the Kaluga province in a small settlement called Oseki.
His father, whose name was Sergei Nikitich, was a forest manager for wealthy local merchants named Konshin.
When Ivan Sergeevich Sokolov-Mikitov was three years old, his relatives moved to the village of Kislovo, which is located in the Dorogobuzhsky district. Nowadays this is the Smolensk region. Only it is no longer Dorogobuzhsky, but Ugransky district.
At the age of 10, Sokolov-Mikitov, whose biography of the future writer will help to better understand many of his works, comes to Smolensk. Here he begins to study at the Alexander Real School. There he became interested in revolutionary ideas and took part in the work of underground circles. For this he is expelled from the fifth grade of the school.
Moving to St. Petersburg
In 1910, Sokolov-Mikitov left for St. Petersburg, where he took agricultural courses. In the same year, the 18-year-old aspiring writer wrote his first work entitled “The Salt of the Earth.”
Literature captivates him so much that very soon he clearly understands that he has no desire for agriculture. Instead, he begins to go to literary circles and begins relationships with many famous contemporary writers. Alexey Remizov, Alexander Kuprin, Alexander Green, Mikhail Prishvin seriously influenced the biography of Sokolov-Mikitov.
In 1912, the hero of our article gets a job as a journalist. He becomes a secretary in the newspaper "Revelsky Leaf", which is published in modern Tallinn. Then he leaves Russia altogether, getting a job on a merchant ship. Travels extensively throughout Europe and Africa.
Return to Russia
Returns to Russia in 1915 due to the outbreak of the First World War. He goes to the front, serves in aviation, even takes off on the famous domestic bomber "Ilya Muromets" together with the pilot Gleb Alekhnovich, who holds many records. For example, in 1917, he set an achievement in carrying capacity, managing to lift a load with a total weight of about three thousand kilograms on the Ilya Muromets bomber.
After the end of the war he went back to serve in the merchant navy. Signs up as a sailor on the ship "Omsk". But a year later the ship is arrested and sold for debts. Sokolov-Mikitov ends up in forced emigration. He does not have documents allowing him to return to his homeland.
First he lives in England, then moves to Germany. In 1922, in the German capital, he met with Maxim Gorky, who facilitated the preparation of documents necessary to return to Russia.
Now Sokolov-Mikitov is starting to travel around his native country. He goes on Arctic expeditions under the leadership of Otto Schmidt, takes part in expeditions to the Arctic Ocean, and participates in the rescue of the icebreaker "Malygin", stuck in the area of the island of Spitsbergen.
He is going on his last expedition as a correspondent for the newspaper Izvestia.
In the early 30s, the first known works of Sokolov-Mikitov were published. These are "Overseas Stories" and the story "Childhood".
Membership in the Writers' Union
Until the mid-30s, the hero of our article lived in Gatchina near Leningrad. He communicates closely with Evgeny Zamyatin, Vitaly Bianchi, Vyacheslav Shishkov.
In 1934, he was admitted to the Union. During the Second World War, he worked in Molotov (present-day Perm) as a special correspondent for Izvestia. He returned to Leningrad only in 1945.
He builds his own house in Karacharovo, in which he begins to live in 1952. It was here that he wrote most of his most famous works; Sokolov-Mikitov's stories became popular and were published in newspapers and magazines. Alexander Tvardovsky, Vladimir Soloukhin, Konstantin Fedin often visit him.
The writer died in 1975 in Moscow. The urn with his ashes was buried in Gatchina at the New Cemetery.
Personal life of Sokolov-Mikitov
If the father of the hero of our article was a clerk, then his mother was an ordinary Kaluga peasant woman. The writer himself married Lydia Ivanovna, whom he met at the Krug publishing house in the capital.
They had three daughters, whose names were Irina, Elena and Lydia. Tragically, they all died while their parents were still alive. The last to die was Elena, who drowned in 1951 on the Karelian Isthmus.
The grandson Sergeevich is known, who in the 2000s served as the Minister of Culture of Russia.
Author's creativity
Among his most famous works, we should note “At the Holy Springs”, “Sounds of the Earth”, “The First Hunt”, “Childhood”, Sokolov-Mikitov’s stories “Swans Are Flying”, the collection “Northern Stories” and many others.
In his prose, many noted expressiveness and clarity. This was especially evident when he described events that he himself witnessed.
Sokolov-Mikitov's story "Winter in the Forest" is well known. It tells about the first pure snow that falls in winter. It becomes most beautiful in the dense forest. Snow covers the ground like a snow-white tablecloth, and snowdrifts appear everywhere.
In the story “Winter in the Forest,” Sokolov-Mikitov pays a lot of attention to describing the nature and reality surrounding him. It seems as if he is admiring the heavy white caps with which the first snow of this year covers the trees.
The first winter hunters appear, trying to discern the traces of animals and birds. The prose writer describes the tracks that the hare leaves, how the ermine hunts, catching mice and small birds. In Sokolov-Mikitov’s story, wolves walk along the edge of the field, trail after trail, like a gang of robbers. Elks appear in another part of the forest.
The conclusion that the author comes to is that in winter the forest only seems lifeless and deserted. In fact, there are many animals in it that, even in severe frosts, come out of their burrows and dens to find food and catch prey.