So, what exactly should a future first grader know and be able to do in various fields.

On April 1, enrollment in schools for future first-graders began. According to the law, they cannot be subjected to any entrance tests. But school administrations successfully circumvent this ban by conducting seemingly meaningless “interviews”. Its only purpose, according to teachers, is to get to know the child and equip the classes in accordance with the level of preparation of future students.

An interview is also a test. That is why it is very important to prepare for it.

This is what the domestic education system expects from future first-graders.

General development

It is believed that by the age of six and a half - seven years, the child should:

Know your last name, first name and patronymic, what are the names of the parents, who they work, home address and telephone number;
. know in which city / country he lives, and be able to name other familiar countries of the world;
. know the names of the most common plants, animals, insects, be able to distinguish between animals, birds and fish, distinguish wild animals from domestic ones, trees from shrubs, fruits from berries and vegetables;
. navigate in time, know the time of day, seasons, their sequence, how many months in a year, days in a month, days in a week, hours in a day, know the days of the week;
. have an idea about natural and weather phenomena;
. know primary colors
. know the concepts of "right-left";
. know the names of popular sports, the most common professions, the basic rules of the road and road signs;
. be able to name the names of famous writers and poets;
. know holidays;
. be able to tell what he likes to do;
. most importantly: answer the question “why does he go to school?”

intellectual development

In this area, the child should be able to:

Solve simple logic puzzles, puzzles and puzzles, guess riddles;
. find an extra item in a group;
. add missing items to the group;
. describe how certain objects are similar or different;
. group objects by attribute and name it;
. restore the sequence of events (what happened first, then); arrange the pictures in the correct order.

Hearing, vision, attention, memory, speech

Here the preschooler needs to be able to:

Find 10-15 differences in two similar pictures;
. accurately copy a simple pattern;
. describe a picture from memory;
. memorize a sentence of 5-6 words and repeat it;
. write graphic dictations (“one cell up, two cells to the left, two cells down, one cell to the right”);
. read a poem by heart, tell a fairy tale;
. retell the heard story;
. write a story from a picture!

Fundamentals of Mathematics

Before entering the first class, you must:

Be able to count from 1 to 10 and vice versa, restore a number series in which some numbers are missing;
. perform counting operations within ten, increase / decrease the number of items “by one”, “by two”;
. know the concepts of "more-less-equally";
. know simple geometric shapes, be able to make applications from geometric shapes;
. be able to compare objects by length, width and height;
. solve simple arithmetic problems;
. be able to divide an object into two/three/four equal parts.

Reading

It is important that the child:

He distinguished letters from sounds, vowels from consonants;
. could find the desired letter at the beginning, middle and end of the word;
. selected words for a given letter;
. divided the word into syllables;
. read sentences of 4-5 words and understood what they read.

Writing skills

To successfully start school, you need:

Correctly hold a pen and pencil in your hand;
. draw continuous straight, wavy, broken lines;
. trace the drawing along the contour without lifting the pencil from the paper;
. be able to draw by cells and dots; be able to complete the missing half of a symmetrical pattern;
. copy geometric shapes from the sample;
. be able to continue shading the drawing;
. be able to accurately paint over the drawing without going beyond the contours.

How is the interview going?

The interview is usually conducted by the head teacher of an elementary school, an elementary school teacher, a psychologist and a speech therapist. A foreign language teacher may also be present at the language school.

The interview lasts about 15-20 minutes and takes place in the presence of the parent. “Presence”, as a rule, consists in the fact that at first the parent signs a paper in which he agrees to an interview, then he submits documents and writes an application with a request to accept the child to school, and the rest of the time he sits at the other end of the class, watching how he the child copes with questions and tasks.

Important! First of all, schools are obliged to accept children living in nearby houses. If you are not "assigned" to this school, you will have to write in the application: "please enroll my child in a vacant place." This means that in the end you may be refused due to the lack of free places.

What questions can be asked in an interview? Any of the above list of required knowledge.

The child will be asked to give his name / surname, address, first name and patronymic of the parents, their occupation. They will ask how old he is, how old he will be in a year, and how old he was two years ago. They will be asked to read a few sentences, recite a poem and be sure to offer to compose a story from a picture.

They may ask about animals (for example, how wild animals differ from domestic ones), what time of year it is, what a doctor or a postman is doing ...

Then they will check mathematical knowledge (they will ask you to count, arrange the numbers in ascending / descending order or solve a problem). They can even conduct a graphic dictation.

The question will definitely be asked: "Why are you going to school?"

Upon admission to a language school, you may be asked to repeat individual words or phrases in a foreign language.

Since tasks can be completely unexpected (for example, logic puzzles with a "trick"), it is very important to properly set up the baby before the interview. He should not be afraid to ask again if he did not understand or hear something. And the best thing, of course, is to play such situations at home, and at night tell the kid a fairy tale about how a bear cub / hare / fox went to enroll in a forest school and what came of it.

What documents are required before admission to the first class?

1. Birth certificate of the child and its photocopy.
2. Passport of one of the parents, where the child is entered, and its photocopy.
3. Medical card issued and certified by the seal of the clinic.
4. A photocopy of the medical policy.
5. An application that is written on the spot, at the school.
6. Some schools ask for two 3x4 photographs of the child.

is your child ready for school?

Children who will be at least six and a half years old on September 1 are accepted into the first grade. If the child is younger, the decision on his enrollment is made by the district department of the education department.

How much effort parents spend in preparing for school to teach their treasure to write, count and, of course, read. But, as life shows, this is not the most important thing for successful adaptation. The main thing is whether the child can ACCEPT those requirements that the school immediately, from the very first days, makes him (sit in the classroom, listen to the teacher, complete assignments), whether he knows how to control his behavior and SUBMIT it to the established rules. This is the main criterion for the readiness of the child for school.

... Young trees are easier to make grow one way or another than a mature tree; in the same way, youth can be directed to all good things in the first years of his life much more quickly than later (Ya. A. Komensky, Czech teacher - humanist, writer, public figure, founder of scientific pedagogy of the 16th century).

This quotation is taken from The Maternal School, or on the Careful Education of Youth in the First Six Years. One of the chapters (XII) is devoted specifically to preparing children for school. It is precisely such as young trees that come to our school, young talents.

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E. V. Kindyakova

WHAT SHOULD A FUTURE FIRST GRADE STUDENT KNOW?

... Young trees are easier to make grow one way or another than a mature tree; in the same way, youth can be directed to all good things in the first years of their life much more quickly than later.(Ya. A. Comenius, Czech teacher - humanist, writer, public figure, founder of scientific pedagogy of the 16th century).

The second generation educational standards have significantly upgraded the learning process at school, and it seems that the requirements for children entering the first grade are getting tougher every year. Is it really so difficult to prepare a child for studying in a modern school? There are many opinions. Consider the standard requirements for first-graders in Russian schools, the approximate characteristics of a kindergarten graduate, i.e. a child entering grade 1, according to the Federal State Educational Standard - the federal state educational standard of the second generation.

What should a child who goes to the first grade of school know and be able to do?

For the qualitative preparation of the baby for educational activities, one should act in several directions. A future first-grader needs to have elementary knowledge about himself, his parents and the structure of the world around him, have basic counting skills and developed speech.

So, what should a future first grader know and be able to do in various fields?

General outlook

A 7-year-old child is already developed enough to name without hesitation:

your first name, last name and patronymic;
your age and date of birth;
surname, name and patronymic of parents, their occupation and place of work;
the names of other family members and who they are to him;
your address - city / town / village, street, house, entrance, floor, apartment - and home phone number (if any);
the country in which he lives and its capital;
the main attractions of your city/town/village;
primary colors and their shades;
parts of the human body;
items of clothing, shoes, hats (and understand the difference between them);
professions, sports;
types of land, water, air transport;
famous Russian folk tales;
great Russian poets and writers (A. L. Barto, S. Ya. Marshak, A. S. Pushkin, L. N. Tolstoy, S. A. Yesenin, etc.) and their most famous works.

In addition, a child entering school must know the rules of behavior in public places and on the street. All this knowledge, with constant communication with parents, joint reading of books and discussion of the world around, your child probably has by school age.

Motivational readiness

Ready for learning, ready for serious work,
learns with interest, wants to learn new things,
perceives new things with interest in the form of not only a bright cartoon, but also an adult story read in a book by one of the adults,
likes to think and fantasize,
shows interest in a variety of issues of life,
neat, carefully handles any of his, and then school things.

Mathematics, counting

know the numbers from 0 to 9;
be able to name numbers within 10 in forward and reverse order (from 5 to 9, from 8 to 4, etc.);
be able to name a number within 10, preceding the named and following it (neighbors of the number);
understand the meaning of the signs "+", "-", "=", ">", "
be able to indicate the number of objects using numbers;
be able to compare the number of items in two groups;
solve and compose simple addition and subtraction problems within 10;
know the names of geometric shapes (circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval, rhombus);
be able to compare objects by size, shape, color and group them according to this feature;
navigate in terms of “left-right-top-bottom”, “before”, “between”, “behind” on a sheet of paper in a cage and in space.

To help your child learn counting and numbers, count household items together more often, birds, people wearing certain colors, cars, houses. Ask him simple tasks: you have 2 apples and 3 pears - how many fruits do you have in total? I gave you 6 sweets, h - you ate, how much is left? In addition to counting skills, in this way you will teach your child to perceive the task by ear, which will definitely come in handy in his studies. Write together printed numbers on paper, with chalk on a blackboard, lay them out of pebbles, write with a stick in the sand.

Motor skills, preparation of the hand for writing

Future first grader should be able to:

correctly hold a pencil, pen, brush;
fold geometric figures from counting sticks, fold figures according to the pattern;
draw geometric shapes;
paint over with a pencil and hatch the figures in different directions, without going beyond the contours;
draw a straight horizontal or vertical line without a ruler;
write in block letters;
carefully cut out of paper (cut a sheet of paper into stripes or geometric shapes - squares, rectangles, triangles, cut along the contour not only rectangles and squares, but circles, ovals);
sculpt from plasticine and clay;
glue and make applications from colored paper.

Developed motor skills not only help the child perform the necessary creative tasks at school, but are also closely related to mastering the skill of writing and the quality of speech. Therefore, be sure to do modeling and drawing at home, collect puzzles, create jewelry and crafts together - fortunately, there are now a huge number of manuals for the development of fine motor skills. Use any tool at home and any free time, even during the preparation of dinner in the kitchen. Mix beans and peas in a plate, ask the child to sort it out. What is the difference between beans and peas? What color is she? What is the form?

Speech development

Consistently expresses his thoughts, knows how to compose a story from a picture;
Uses in his speech not only nouns and verbs, but also enough adjectives, there are pronouns, numerals, etc.;
Correctly builds a sentence, puts words in order, coordinating with each other;
Pronounces all sounds correctly, there are no speech therapy problems;
Distinguishes sounds in a word.

In preparing for school, more important than the skill of reading is teaching the child to understand the text read, to analyze, to answer questions about the text, and to ask questions on the merits. Read together good kind fairy tales, stories about nature and animals. Play with words: name words starting with a certain letter or those in which it occurs, make words from given letters, divide words into syllables and highlight sounds.

The world

Consider what a first grader should know about the world around him when going to school. The child needs:

to distinguish between domestic and wild animals, to be able to name the cubs of animals, to know which animals live in the south and which ones in the north;
know wild and domestic animals;
name several (2-3) wintering and migratory birds, distinguish birds by their appearance (woodpecker, sparrow, tit, swallow, dove, crow, etc.);
know and distinguish the plants characteristic of the native land, and name their features (spruce, birch, pine, larch, sunflower, clover, chamomile, etc.);
know the names of 2-3 indoor plants;
know the names of vegetables, fruits, berries;
have an idea about various natural phenomena;
name in the correct sequence - days of the week, months, seasons, and also know the main signs of each season (spring - the buds on the trees bloom, the snow melts, the first flowers appear), be able to name the spring months, winter, summer and autumn. Tell rhymes and be able to guess riddles about the seasons.

The child receives all these skills from daily communication with the closest people in his life, his parents, grandparents. There are times when a child has difficulty remembering the days of the week, the sequence of seasons, in such cases, use rhymes and rhymes in a beautiful children's book. Of course, this material can also be found on the Internet, but the child will not get emotional pleasure from communicating with a new illustrated children's book. When buying a book for a child, look at the illustrations - they should be kind and understandable; font - it should be easy to read. Very soon the child will learn to read and re-read the books you read with great pleasure.

What else should a future first grader be able to do?

The skills listed above are mainly related to educational skills, but during the study, the first-grader will also need others that are important for normal adaptation to school and social life in general.

So, what else should a child be able to do when going to school:

Understand and accurately complete the tasks of an adult from 5-6 teams.
Act according to the model.
Act at a given pace, without errors, first under dictation, and then independently, for 4-5 minutes (for example, an adult asks to draw a pattern of shapes: “circle - square - circle - square”, and then the child continues to draw a pattern for some time already myself).
See cause and effect relationships between phenomena.
Attentively, without being distracted, listen or engage in monotonous activities (coloring, drawing, solving puzzles, sculpting, etc.) 20-30 minutes.
Memorize and name from memory shapes, words, pictures, symbols, numbers (6-10 pieces).
Maintain correct posture while sitting at the table for 15-20 minutes (feet on the floor, back straight, elbows on the table).
Perform basic physical exercises (squats, jumps, bends, etc.), play simple sports games.
Feel free to be in a team of children and adults.
Be able to communicate politely with adults: say hello (“Hello”, not “Hello” or “Hi”), say goodbye, do not interrupt, correctly ask for help (say “Please”) and thank you for the help provided, apologize if necessary.
For a boy - let girls and women go forward, open the door for them, help.
Speak calmly, without shouting and unnecessary emotions.
To independently put on outerwear and sportswear with partial help from adults (tie a scarf, help fasten a zipper or the first button on a shirt, etc.)
Keep your appearance neat and clean personal belongings (add paper handkerchiefs and wet wipes to the list of necessary things for a student). Wash hands with soap after walking and going to the toilet, before eating. Comb your hair, brush your teeth, use a handkerchief.
Orient yourself in time.

What should be the future first-grader according to GEF?

The Federal State Educational Standard (FSES) of preschool education defines the "portrait" of a graduate of a preschool educational institution, and therefore a future first grader. The emphasis on knowledge and skills in it is shifted to the level of general culture, the presence of qualities that “ensure social success”. This is how an older preschooler, ready to study at school, is presented in the recommendations for the Federal State Educational Standard:

Physically developed, having mastered the basic cultural and hygienic skills

The child has formed the basic physical qualities and the need for motor activity. Independently performs age-appropriate hygiene procedures, observes the elementary rules of a healthy lifestyle.

Curious, active, interested in new, unknown in the world around

He is interested in the new, unknown in the world around him (the world of objects and things, the world of relations and his inner world). Asks questions to an adult, likes to experiment. Able to act independently (in everyday life, in various types of children's activities). When in trouble, seek help from an adult. Takes a lively, interested part in the educational process.

Emotionally responsive

The preschooler responds to the emotions of loved ones and friends. Empathizes with the characters of fairy tales, stories, stories. Emotionally reacts to works of fine art, musical and artistic works, the natural world.

Owning the means of communication and ways of interacting with adults and peers

The child adequately uses verbal and non-verbal means of communication, owns dialogic speech and constructive ways of interacting with children and adults (negotiates, exchanges objects, distributes actions in cooperation).

Able to manage their behavior and plan their actions aimed at achieving a specific goal

A child based on primary value ideas, observing elementary generally accepted norms and rules of behavior. The behavior of the child is mainly determined not by momentary desires and needs, but by the requirements of adults and primary value ideas about "what is good and what is bad." The child is able to plan his actions aimed at achieving a specific goal. Observes the rules of conduct on the street (traffic rules), in public places (transport, shop, clinic, theater, etc.)

Able to solve intellectual and personal tasks (problems) adequate to age

The child can apply independently acquired knowledge and methods of activity to solve new tasks (problems) set both by adults and by himself; depending on the situation, it can transform the ways of solving problems (problems). The child is able to offer his own idea and translate it into a drawing, building, story, etc.

Has primary ideas about himself, family, society, state, world and nature

The child has an idea of himself, his own belonging and the belonging of other people to a certain gender; about the composition of the family, kinship and relationships, the distribution of family responsibilities, family traditions; about society, its cultural values; about the state and belonging to it; about the world.

Owns the universal prerequisites for learning activities

Possessing the ability to work according to the rule and model, listen to an adult and follow his instructions.

Having mastered the necessary skills and abilities

The child has formed the skills necessary for the implementation of various types of children's activities.

It should be remembered that the good readiness of the child for school is the key to success, calm, quick and positive adaptation to the school and the teacher. Therefore, the main thing is the psychological readiness of the child to start schooling and the desire to acquire new knowledge. Calm perception of all changes in the child's life, first of all, by adults, without excitement and intimidation of the child by the school, the teacher. It is possible to train, test and “train” but try to do it without fanaticism. With love, believe in the success of your future first-grader and instill this confidence in him!

“The most, apparently, simple and ordinary objects are often, in their essence, the most important and great…” (V. G. Belinsky)

Slides captions:

Last name, first name. - Date of Birth. - Your age. - Name and patronymic of parents. - Home address. - What country does he live in? - Knowledge of animals (wild, domestic, northern and southern countries). - Knowledge of plants. - Knowledge of professions, sports, transport. - Life of people. - Be able to explain the patterns of natural phenomena. - Seasons, months by seasons, days of the week.
be able to distinguish in appearance the plants common in our area (for example, spruce, pine, birch, oak, sunflower, chamomile) and name their distinguishing features; be able to distinguish between wild and domestic animals (bear, squirrel, cow, hare, goat); be able to distinguish birds by their appearance (for example, woodpecker, sparrow, magpie); have an idea about the seasonal signs of nature (for example, autumn - yellow and red leaves on the trees, withering grass, harvesting ...); know the names of 1-3 indoor plants; know the names of the 12 months of the year; know the names of all the days of the week. in what country does he live, in what city, on what street, in what house; full names of their family members, have a general understanding of their various activities; know the rules of conduct in public places and on the street.
Children should: - have an idea about seasonal changes in nature; - determine the state of the weather: sunny, cloudy, snowing.
Children should know: - the name of our country and its capital; - flag, coat of arms of Russia; - the name of the native city, village, your address. Children should have an idea: - about national holidays; - about the work of people in the city and the countryside. Children should be able to talk about their family.
Children should have an idea: - about domestic and wild animals; - about migratory and wintering birds; - about the dependence of changes in living nature on changes in inanimate nature.
Children should have an idea: - about the conditions necessary for the growth of plants; - about wild berries and mushrooms; - about vegetables and fruits; - about trees, shrubs and flowers. Children should be able to distinguish and name trees by bark, leaves, fruits.
Children should be able to: - distinguish and name the parts of the day and their sequence; - understand the meaning of the concepts "yesterday", "today", "tomorrow"; - know the days of the week, their sequence; - be able to name the months of the year.
- Know the numbers (from 0 to 9). - Say numbers forward and backward. - Solve basic addition and subtraction problems. - Correlate the number and the number of objects. - Navigate on a sheet of paper in a cage (graphic dictation). Children should know: - the composition of the numbers of the first ten (from individual units); - composition of numbers from two smaller ones.
Stability (comparison of 2 pictures with 10-15 differences). - Switching. - Distribution.
- Repeat 10 words or numbers. - Memorization of pictures, figures, symbols (up to 10 pcs.). - Retelling of texts.
- Definition of the fourth superfluous. - Classification, generalization. - Similarities/differences. - Ability to solve logical problems. - Addition of figures from parts. - Addition of counting sticks. - Constructions from cubes according to the drawing, the account of the used cubes.
Children should be able to: - compare, group, classify objects; - name the materials from which they are made; - understand the meaning of generalizing words.
Children should be able to: - walk straight and firmly, run, jump; - accurately catch and throw the ball; - for some time to wear not very light things, large objects; - fasten buttons, tie shoelaces.
Children should be able to: - draw straight, not trembling lines; - "see" the line and write in it; - see the cells and accurately draw on them.
- Correctly hold a pen, pencil, brush. - Be able to draw a straight line. - Write a capital letter according to the model. - Cut out of paper. - Glue carefully. - Draw both individual samples and plot pictures. - Sculpt both individual images and whole compositions. - Create applications.
Understand and complete tasks accurately
Act according to the model, at a given pace
See cause and effect relationships
Listen carefully, keep track of time.
Remember and call from memory
Maintain correct posture, monitor the accuracy of your ext. kind
Do basic physical exercises
Feel free to be in a team
Be able to communicate politely with adults, speak calmly
Boy - let girls and women go ahead,
Seek medical attention if necessary
Physically developed Curious, active, interested in new things, Emotionally responsive Having mastered the means of communication and ways of interaction Able to manage one’s behavior Able to solve intellectual and personal tasks (problems) Having primary ideas about oneself, family, society, state, world and nature Having mastered the universal prerequisites for educational activity Having mastered the necessary skills and skills

future freshman?

What should a future first grader know and be able to do? This question is asked by all parents. After all, I want to prepare the baby as carefully as possible so that he is not inferior in knowledge to other children. But here it is important to find a middle ground. After all, if a child knows the entire program of the first or even second grade, then he will be bored in the classroom, he will stop listening to the teacher's explanations and miss the moment when it is time to join the general learning process.

When preparing a child for school, parents often focus on teaching them to read, write, count, speak English, and give their child encyclopedic knowledge. This is all commendable if the learning for the child does not take place "under pressure", but in the process of the game.

It is very important to prepare the child to work in a team. Remember that the teacher should be the authority for the children. Do not judge the teacher in front of the child. The child should not be shy to speak in front of the public. Often ask the baby to tell something in the presence of relatives, friends ... It is advisable to teach the child to be friends, share, defend his point of view, at the same time, be able to admit his mistakes.

Physical fitness is also very important. It is good if the child attends the sports section. It is necessary to strengthen the muscular corset in order to maintain posture. It is believed that if milk teeth began to fall out, this means the readiness of the skeleton to withstand the load of immobile sitting for half an hour.

What should a first grader know and be able to do?

First of all, you need to develop a child's vocabulary and speech. He must pronounce all the sounds, speak in full sentences, talk about something in a connected way, retell the text you read (or independently), be able to describe the subject in as much detail as possible.

Secondly, you need to develop the muscles of the hand, fingers (motor skills). This does not mean that you need to pore over the recipes, sculpt, paint, draw a lot. In addition, it develops the imagination. A hand for writing should be put by a teacher of elementary grades. Let's trust a professional :).

Thirdly, the child must have self-service skills (dress, put on shoes). Have an understanding of hygiene and safety.

Parents are often tormented by the question “Should a child be able to read by the beginning of grade 1?”. The school does not set such requirements for children. And by the end of the first grade, almost everyone reads about the same. But at the beginning of the year, the reading skill helps children a lot in other lessons. For example, when you can read the condition of the problem again if you don’t remember and. This gives a certain bonus and self-confidence.

So, here is an approximate list of what a first grader should know and be able to do, which you need to focus on when preparing for school and what can be at an interview at school:

Future first grader should know:

Your full name.
Your age and date of birth.
Name of parents.
Who do the parents work?
How many brothers / sisters, their names, the concept of older / younger.
Residence address.
The name of the country of residence, the capital, what the flag looks like.
Know basic geometric shapes.
Know colors. What color will you get if you mix, for example, red and blue, yellow and blue, yellow and red, white and ...
Know wild/domestic animals. What is the difference.
Know poultry.
Know wintering/migratory birds.
Know common types of trees/flowers.
Know vegetables/fruits/berries.
Know the seasons, the months in order.
Know the days of the week, which ones are weekdays and which ones are weekends.
Know the types of transport (air, land, water, underground) give examples.
Know the rules of the road for pedestrians.
Know professions.
Know sports.
Know the numbers within 20, the composition of the number 2-10.
Know the letters of the alphabet, distinguish between consonants and vowels.
Break words into syllables by ear.
Know a few poems, songs, riddles.

Future first grader should be able to:

Be able to concentrate for 30 minutes.
Be able to navigate the day (morning, afternoon, evening, night).
Be able to generalize groups of objects (fruits, furniture, clothes ...).
To be able to find an extra object from the proposed pictures of the same type, justify.
Find differences and similarities between two objects, if any.
Retell a passage of text read by an adult.
Be able to write a short story based on a series of pictures.
Be able to name objects in the singular and plural.
Be able to distinguish between masculine and feminine.
Be able to choose words with similar and opposite meanings.
Orientation in space and on the plane (right, left, center ...). For example: retreat two cells to the right and one cell down. (Graphic dictations help well).
Be able to accurately paint, cut, hatch.
Count in ascending and descending order.
Call the numbers "neighbors" (for example, for "5" these are "4" and "6").
Perform arithmetic operations within 10.
Compare numbers (greater than, less than, equal to).
Ability to read is desirable.

When interviewing at school, in addition to general questions to assess the child's horizons, the following tasks are often encountered:

Copying - you need to depict the written word or phrase. They are written in capital letters or in a foreign language. The child needs not to understand and write, namely to copy, copy as accurately as possible. Another option is to copy the pattern from the dots.

Logic tasks. The child is asked to continue a logical series of pictures or geometric shapes (circle, rhombus, star, circle, rhombus, ...). Determine an extra item among four of the same type (peach, apple, hat, banana), etc.

Tasks for memory and attention. The teacher shows several pictures, the child remembers and turns away. The teacher removes one or adds an extra one, the child looks, finds changes. Find differences in two pictures.

Psychological test - the child is asked to draw a man (namely a man). They pay attention to whether the child has drawn facial features, ears, how many fingers, clothes ... The psychologist also pays attention to the size of the drawing. The larger the person, the more self-confidence the child has.

In addition, the teacher tests the child's ability to concentrate. When the child completes the task, he should concentrate on it and not pay attention to the environment (to the conversations of adults). This is important for working in a large noisy team.

Educational standards are constantly changing, and it seems that the requirements for children entering the first grade are getting tougher every year. If earlier many learned to read at school, now the ability to read behind the scenes is considered mandatory for first-graders. Is it really that hard to prepare a child for school? Consider the standard requirements for first-graders in Russian schools. In addition, in this article we will give approximate characteristics of a kindergarten graduate, i.e. a child entering grade 1, according to the Federal State Educational Standard - the federal state educational standard.

What should a child who goes to the first grade of school know and be able to do?

So, what should a future first grader know and be able to do in various fields?

General outlook

A 7-year-old child is already developed enough to name without hesitation:

your first name, last name and patronymic;

your age and date of birth;

surname, name and patronymic of parents, their occupation and place of work;

the names of other family members and who they are to him;

your address - city / town / village, street, house, entrance, floor, apartment - and home phone number (if any);

the country in which he lives and its capital;

the main attractions of your city/town/village;

primary colors and their shades;

parts of the human body;

items of clothing, shoes, hats (and understand the difference between them);

professions, sports;

types of land, water, air transport;

famous Russian folk tales;

great Russian poets and writers (Pushkin A.S., Tolstoy L.N., Tyutchev F.I., Yesenin S.A. and others) and their most famous works.

Speech development (Russian language, preparation for literacy)

The level of speech development is the basis for the subsequent acquisition of literacy - i.e. for reading and writing. Future first grader should be able to:

pronounce all sounds clearly, have good articulation;

highlight a certain sound in a word with intonation;

determine the place of sound in a word (located at the beginning, middle or end of a word);

determine the number and sequence of sounds in short words (“house”, “sleigh”, “cat”);

pronounce words by syllables with claps or stomps;

name a word by its serial number in a sentence (for example, repeat only the second word or only the fourth word from a given sentence);

distinguish between singular and plural, living and non-living, feminine and masculine;

know the difference between vowels and consonants;

call a group of objects a generalizing word (a cup, a spoon, a plate are dishes);

answer questions and be able to ask them;

compose a story from a picture;

consistently and in detail retell a familiar plot (for example, a fairy tale) or a story just heard;

understand the ambiguity of words, name a word with a meaning opposite to that of a given word;

say a few sentences about a given subject;

make a sentence of 3-5 suggested words;

distinguish between texts by genre - a poem, a story, a fairy tale;

memorize and expressively recite short poems;

solve riddles.

For the development of speech, the most useful thing is to read with the child and discuss what they read. Teach the future student to clearly and consistently express thoughts, analyze the events described, so that in the future he can easily answer in the classroom. Encourage the child to speak detailed phrases, clarify the details and his opinion, ask questions: “Why do you think so? What do you think, what would happen if…?” and so on. Games for developing vocabulary will be useful: in antonyms (you throw a ball to a child with the word “wet” - he throws it back, answering “dry”, similarly “dark” - “light”, “clean” - “dirty”, etc. .); "guess the word" (the driver must guess the word according to the description of several players) and many others.

Mathematics, counting

know the numbers from 0 to 9;

be able to name numbers within 10 in forward and reverse order (from 5 to 9, from 8 to 4, etc.);

be able to name a number within 10, preceding the named and following it;

understand the meaning of the signs "+", "-", "=", ">", "<» и уметь сравнивать числа от 0 до 10 (2<6, 9=9, 8>3);

be able to indicate the number of objects using numbers;

be able to compare the number of items in two groups;

solve and compose simple addition and subtraction problems within 10;

know the names of geometric shapes (circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval, rhombus);

be able to compare objects by size, shape, color and group them according to this feature;

navigate in terms of “left-right-top-bottom”, “before”, “between”, “behind” on a sheet of paper in a cage and in space.

To help your child learn counting and numbers, count household items together more often, birds, people wearing certain colors, cars, houses. Ask him simple tasks: you have 2 apples and 3 pears - how many fruits do you have in total? In addition to counting skills, in this way you will teach your child to perceive the task by ear, which will definitely come in handy in his studies. Write numbers together on paper, with chalk on a blackboard, lay them out of pebbles, write with a stick in the sand.

Motor skills, preparation of the hand for writing

Future first grader should be able to:

correctly hold a pencil, pen, brush;

fold geometric figures from counting sticks, fold figures according to the pattern;

draw geometric shapes, animals, people;

paint over with a pencil and hatch the figures without going beyond the contours;

draw a straight horizontal or vertical line without a ruler;

write in block letters;

carefully cut out of paper (cut a sheet of paper into stripes or geometric shapes - squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, ovals, cut out shapes along the contour);

sculpt from plasticine and clay;

glue and make applications from colored paper.

Should a first grader be able to read?

This is one of the most controversial questions, in the answer to which even teachers do not agree. On the one hand, a modern school has a rather intense program, and it seems that it is better for a child to know as much as possible by grade 1. On the other hand, there is an opinion that it is necessary to teach children to read according to certain rules, and not all parents follow them.

So in the end, is it worth teaching a preschooler to read? Here you need to approach each child individually. If you are great at teaching your baby in a playful way, he is interested in learning letters and putting them into syllables and words - rejoice! Taking into account that not much time is allotted for mastering the alphabet at school (about 3 months), and many children already know how to read by grade 1, most likely, fluent reading will really make life easier for your first-grader. Some teachers warn parents that future students should be able to read at least syllable by syllable, at a speed of at least 20-30 words per minute.

But if you have problems learning to read at home, don't force your child to read. Otherwise, you will cause a backlash - an aversion to books and study in general. For many children, learning to read is a difficult and time-consuming task, and this does not at all indicate a low level of intelligence. If a future first grader cannot read, there is nothing to worry about. A good teacher will in any case teach your kid to read, and do it professionally.

In preparing for school, more important than the skill of reading is teaching the child to understand the text read, to analyze, and to answer questions about the text. Read together good kind fairy tales, stories about nature and animals. Play with words: name words starting with a certain letter or those in which it occurs, make words from given letters, divide words into syllables or sounds.

The world

Consider what a first grader should know about the world around him when going to school. The child needs:

to distinguish between domestic and wild animals, to be able to name the cubs of animals, to know which animals live in the south and which ones in the north;

name several wintering and migratory birds, distinguish birds by their appearance (woodpecker, sparrow, dove, crow, etc.);

know and distinguish the plants characteristic of the native land, and name their features (spruce, birch, pine, larch, sunflower, clover, chamomile, etc.);

know the names of 2-3 indoor plants;

know the names of vegetables, fruits, berries;

have an idea about various natural phenomena;

name in the correct sequence - days of the week, months, seasons, and also know the main signs of each season (spring - the buds on the trees bloom, the snow melts, the first flowers appear), poems and riddles about the seasons.

What else should a future first grader be able to do?

So, what else should a child be able to do when going to school:

Understand and accurately complete the tasks of an adult from 5-6 teams.

Act according to the model.

Act at a given pace, without errors, first under dictation, and then independently, for 4-5 minutes (for example, an adult asks to draw a pattern of shapes: “circle - square - circle - square”, and then the child continues to draw a pattern for some time already myself).

See cause and effect relationships between phenomena.

Attentively, without being distracted, listen or engage in monotonous activities for 30-35 minutes.

Memorize and name from memory shapes, words, pictures, symbols, numbers (6-10 pieces).

Maintain correct posture while sitting at a desk for 30-35 minutes.

Perform basic physical exercises (squats, jumps, bends, etc.), play simple sports games.

Feel free to be in a team of children and adults.

Be able to communicate politely with adults: say hello (“Hello”, not “Hello” or “Hi”), say goodbye, do not interrupt, correctly ask for help (say “Please”) and thank you for the help provided, apologize if necessary.

For a boy - let girls and women go forward, open the door for them, help. For a girl - to respond correctly to the aggressive behavior of boys (when they pull pigtails, push, take away things).

Speak calmly, without shouting and unnecessary emotions.

Keep your appearance neat and clean personal belongings (add paper handkerchiefs and wet wipes to the list of necessary things for a student). Wash hands with soap after walking and going to the toilet, before eating. Comb your hair, brush your teeth, use a handkerchief.

Orient yourself in time.

Seek medical attention if necessary.

What should be the future first-grader according to GEF?

Physically developed, having mastered the basic cultural and hygienic skills

The child has formed the basic physical qualities and the need for motor activity. Independently performs age-appropriate hygiene procedures, observes the elementary rules of a healthy lifestyle.

Curious, active, interested in new, unknown in the world around

Emotionally responsive

Mastered the means of communication and ways of interacting with adults and peers

Able to manage their behavior and plan their actions aimed at achieving a specific goal

Able to solve intellectual and personal tasks (problems) adequate to age

Having primary ideas about himself, family, society, state, world and nature

Having mastered the universal prerequisites for educational activity

Possessing the ability to work according to the rule and model, listen to an adult and follow his instructions.

Having mastered the necessary skills and abilities

The child has formed the skills necessary for the implementation of various types of children's activities.

The list of requirements for a modern first-grader is, of course, impressive. But in fact, thousands of children come to school every year, with completely different levels of preschool education, and begin to learn. Parents need to understand that a large amount of knowledge gained before the start of school is not yet a guarantee of success. The main thing is the psychological readiness of the child to study and the desire to acquire new knowledge. It is possible to train, test and “train” but try to do it without fanaticism. Believe in the success of your future first-grader and instill this confidence in him!

Parent meeting in kindergarten. What children of the preparatory group need to know and be able to do before the 1st grade

Valentseva Natalya Alexandrovna, teacher of MBDOU-kindergarten No. 362
slide 1
Dear parents, today I will tell you a little about preparing children for school.
The stage of development called preschool childhood is coming to an end. Soon the school will open its doors to the children, and a new period in their lives will begin. They will be first graders.
slide 2
I will tell you a little about the criteria for the readiness of children for school in the areas of development. It is necessary to draw your attention to these criteria right now, as there is still enough time to help your child prepare for school. In kindergarten, the children and I study everything necessary, but repeated repetition is necessary. Therefore, you should also work with your child.
slide 3
Social and communicative development
Children should know:
- home address and phone number, address of the kindergarten, names of the nearest streets;
- knowledge of the names, patronymics of parents, their profession;
- the coat of arms, flag and anthem of our country (I don’t mean that they should know the anthem by heart, but when they hear it, they should recognize it and behave accordingly: show respect, do not shout), know what sights are in our city;
- know and observe in everyday life the elementary rules of behavior (this applies to both the rules of behavior in society and the rules of the road: where you can cross the road, the need to look around, what traffic signal you need to cross the road. When you walk with your child, try to pay attention attention of the child, while observing these rules themselves.The child, first of all, copies the behavior of his parents)
slide 4
cognitive development
Children should know and have an idea:
- about trees, shrubs, flowers (know the names of some trees, shrubs, flowers, where they grow)
- observe and describe seasonal changes, natural phenomena, seasons
- Know birds (that they are domestic, wintering, migratory), wild and domestic animals, know insects
slide 5
Mathematics
- know geometric shapes: ball, cube, cylinder, oval, square, triangle, circle, rectangle, quadrangle, polygon (you can draw the child's attention to these figures in everyday life, for example, paying attention to any object, asking "what the object looks like a figure” book, plate.
Here are some more interesting tasks:
determine what figures a little man, a house, etc. are made of.
find and show a shape of a certain color (for example, a blue square. A small red triangle)

Count within 10, call numbers in forward and reverse order, decompose the number into two smaller ones;
According to the program, we study counting up to 20, but up to 10 they must be able to count well, decompose the number into numbers, for example, 5 is 2 and 3, or 4 and 1. For a good memorization of composite numbers, you can draw houses.
slide 6
- the child should be able to navigate in space (know where is right, left) and on a plane (on a piece of paper. To orient on a piece of paper, you can start with some kind of image, for example, draw a tree on a piece of paper for a child, and give tasks: Draw a leaf on the topmost branch , draw a sun to the right of the tree, etc.. There are tasks for the cells, draw lines 2 cells to the left, three to the right)

Orientation in time: parts of the day, days of the week, months.
You can pronounce the days of the week every day when you go to kindergarten in the morning what day of the week it is today, what day it was yesterday, what it will be tomorrow; the child must know the meaning of tomorrow, yesterday. Know the month.
Slide 7
Speech development
- Pronounce words clearly and distinctly, name words with a certain sound, distinguish sounds by ear
You can play a game with your child: name words, when you hear the right sound - clap your hands
- coordinate words in a sentence;
- retell literary texts, compose stories about objects, from pictures
It is necessary to pay attention if there are inconsistent parts of speech in the child's speech and correct
Slide 8
Artistic creativity
- there should be the content of the image, the forms, proportions, structure are transferred;
- the correct color scheme, a variety of colors;
- independence of performance;
Slide 9
Here I have prepared information for you about what a child needs to know and be able to do. Thank you for attention!

Presentation on the topic: What a child should know before 1st grade