We paint flowers with oil paints. How to paint with oil paints? Oil painting technique

Most people choose needlework or other artistic endeavors as a hobby. Moreover, due to the same mass-produced goods, the demand for handmade things increases. Photos or computer images are printed multiple times. You can make a unique thing by learning how to paint oil paintings. Even a beginner can understand this painting technique.

Even if you try to perfectly repeat your plot twice, you still cannot make an exact copy. This is what creates the uniqueness of works of art.

Materials required for work:

Host.
Different colors.
Brushes.
Solvent and a small container for it.
Special palette for mixing.

Masters also use palette knives- special metal elastic shovels with wooden handles, which are used to apply paint to the base. It is important for a beginner to master brushes.

In addition, masters paint paintings on easel or a high-quality sketchbook if they go to work in nature to depict oil paintings from life.

Landscapes for beginners are a complex subject. It is better to create pictures using your imagination or using photographs. This will make it easier to depict the landscape.

According to professionals, working on an easel is easier, since it’s easier to step away and inspect the result of the work. At first, you can try to practice on the surface of the table, but it is better to take some kind of board and place it on your chair at a certain angle. You will get an overview of your work and you will be able to evaluate its quality well and notice your shortcomings in time.

Remember that paints are used up quickly, so you need to purchase them separately and in large quantities. The release form comes in different sizes. White paint disappears the fastest, but black paint is consumed in very small quantities. First you need to decide plot, and then buy paints of appropriate colors and shades.

In order to draw an autumn bouquet you will need one set, and for a summer bouquet a completely different one. In order not to waste your budget on unnecessary colors, it is better to take only the necessary ones in approximately the required quantity. All colors and shades can be obtained with only three main colors(yellow, red, blue), as well as white and black.

Gallery: oil painting (25 photos)

Creating and selecting a base

If you want to make drawing easier for yourself, buy from specialized stores ready-made basics for work on which you can immediately apply paint. They cost a decent amount of money, but they are just right for a beginner, as they greatly simplify the work.

Another great option is use of fiberboard. Every man's household contains scraps of this material, which remains after repairs. It is easy to find it by asking friends, relatives or a loved one. Surely someone has used it and has leftovers of this stuff in their garage.

The shape of the fiberboard sides is different, one looks very smooth, and the other is quite rough, vaguely similar to a woven structure. Both forms can be used, but on a rough surface it is worth applying more parts and layers of primer, otherwise the color may become dull, since the paint will sink a little into the structure of such a product.

If you decide to try painting a landscape in oil for the first time, you can take a ready-made fiberboard base with a primer already applied. You need to take a small sheet, no larger than a landscape one.

If you want to make a DPV base with your own hands, an easy and inexpensive way is use of simple gelatin, you can add PVA glue to it to make the color white. This primer must be applied in several layers, allowing it to dry first. Three times will be enough. You should feel that the surface has changed. After preparing the base, you can proceed to creating the picture.

Master class oil painting

After creating the foundation and preparing the materials, we begin work in stages:

Make a line drawing on the canvas using a simple pencil or paint.
Focus on the distribution of shadows and highlights (where there will be bright and dark areas).
Create the background and any large objects.
Start drawing small shapes and details.

Sometimes move away from the picture to evaluate the results of your activities. As you draw, mix different shades of colors on your palette. The last step is to frame the painting.

Master class on oil painting for beginners

In this master class we will draw the sea!

Description of drawing step by step:

First of all, you need to prepare the picture with which you are going to paint the sea. Place the canvas on the easel. Create the first strokes on the canvas, making the main background. Wait a little until it dries completely. If you follow the advice of the master class, then you will be able to paint a picture with oil paints of the sea. After finishing drawing, you need to decide on a name, most importantly, do not forget to leave your initials on the work. Authorship is very important because it makes your work stand out.

When we start drawing, we usually start with a pencil, and only then take up paints. Some are for watercolors, while others are straight for oil paints, acrylics, and tempera. If with watercolors and pencil everything is more or less clear (after all, I already gained some experience in drawing lessons at school), then with oil everything is much more complicated. Of course, we see that artists paint in oils, and their paintings last for centuries. But which way to approach oil paints? How to paint in oils?

The first thing you need to find out for yourself is

What and on what to draw

Artists paint on canvas stretched on a stretcher. But for beginners it will be too expensive.

We must keep in mind that oil painting is a rather expensive pleasure (compared to other techniques, of course). Working with oil requires a certain investment of money.

Oil painting on cardboard

In fact, it is correct to say not “how to paint with oils”, but “how to paint with oils”. Artists do not draw, but paint in oils. Let's remember this. So,

How to write in oil on cardboard

Art stores sell ready-made special primed cardboard.

If you want to save money, you can take any cardboard and cover it with soil yourself. The primed cardboard must dry thoroughly. Before painting, wipe the surface of the primer with linseed oil.

Here are two soil recipes for making your own:

Glue primer: 10 g gelatin, 100 g zinc white or chalk (a little more than half a glass), 400 ml water (2 glasses). For elasticity, you need to add 4 ml of glycerin or honey. This amount of soil is enough for 2 square meters of canvas or cardboard.
A very good primer is obtained using this recipe: stir 4 chicken eggs with 160 ml of water and add 120 g of zinc white (or chalk)

In addition, to get started, you will need flat bristle or synthetic brushes and a wooden palette. A palette made of plywood must be pre-soaked in oil and dried well. Otherwise, it will draw oil from the paints placed on it, causing the latter to thicken.

Oil paints cannot be painted with one brush, like water-soluble paints, such as watercolors. Brushes cannot be washed while working in oil, so you cannot apply light and dark tones to a painting with the same brush. Therefore, first buy synthetic or bristle brushes number 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12. Then, undoubtedly, you will want to have more brushes. To depict small details, you will need one or two small brushes with soft hair, for example, kolinsky or squirrel brushes.

Remember to keep your brushes very clean! A dry brush that is not washed in time quickly becomes unusable.

Less necessary, but useful to the painter, are other objects, for example, a palette knife - a special knife used to clean the palette, mix paints, remove excess paint from a painting, etc.

Armed with everything you need, draw. You need to keep in mind that the first layer will probably “roll off” as it were. It's not scary. Just rub the paint in and it will set.

What's so great about oil paint and cardboard? You can draw on the same piece of cardboard as much as you want!

You are drawing something. Didn't you like how it turned out? Wait for it to dry and draw on top of what you drew!

beauty

Oil paint has a dense structure, so, unlike watercolor, previous layers will not show through. After finishing the drawing, you won’t be able to guess whether there is something else under the finished drawing or not. This property of oil paint is very useful, especially in the initial stages.

I think it has become clearer to you how to paint with oil on cardboard. There is nothing complicated. Pure pleasure!

Well, when it’s time to switch to canvas, of course, it’s up to you to decide.

Maybe you decide to paint on canvas right away?

P.S.: By the way. In art stores there is an option to buy canvas not on a stretcher, but on cardboard. This is a cross between a stretcher and cardboard - not as expensive as canvas on a stretcher, but not just cardboard. You can also consider this option.

Oil painting is a magnificent, wonderful technique.

I wish you creative success!

How to paint with oils, video

For artistic painting, oil paints are used, which contain pigments and oil. This provides rich, bright colors during the painting process and prolongs the durability of the painting on the canvas. This type of material is not easy to use and requires mixing with an organic solvent and special preparation of related products. Familiarize yourself with the rules for choosing paints and the range of manufacturers on the market.

What are oil paints

There are single tubes and a set of oil paints for general and artistic purposes. The latter are prepared by grinding pigments in bleached refined linseed or nut oil, and sometimes other drying components are added to it. The finished mixture is applied to a previously primed surface. Depending on the type, the chemical composition of oil paint differs.

Compound

The quality of pigments and binding components varies in composition:

Standard ones consist of piments based on cadmium, cobalt, and coloring earth.
To prevent discoloration, non-yellowing oil is added, but the rest is based on linseed oil.
Earthy colors in ocher, sienna and umber are made from naturally occurring pigments.
The most expensive subtypes include light-resistant organic pigments, this allows you to achieve brightness and purity of the main color.
The more expensive the pigments, the more balanced the drying time and the more natural the shade.

How to dilute oil paints

You can simply paint with paints, squeezing them directly from the tubes onto the palette, without diluting. To make them not so thick, a special component is used. Thinner for oil paints is oil - linseed, hemp, nut. It is sold in art stores, has no odor, but increases the drying time of the painting to several years.

Another substance is white spirit, but the artist does not need to use it for dilution - only for washing brushes and palettes, otherwise the quality of the primers will deteriorate. Professional artists mix thinners by pouring the solution into an oil can. Composition options may be:

tee - equal proportions of painting (dammar, mastic) varnish, hemp or linseed oil, white spirit thinner;
Instead of white spirit, you can use turpentine.

Which oil paints are better?

Both beginners and professional artists know where to buy art paints. These are special departments for creativity, including online stores. They sell popular products from famous brands that creative people buy more often than others. Manufacturers rating:

Master class, Ladoga - produced by the Leningrad Artistic Paints Plant.
Gamma - a company from Moscow uses flax and poppy components.
Daler-Rowney is an old English company.
Maimeri is an Italian brand with a palette of 80 shades.
Old Holland is another old company, only from Holland.
Pebble is a French line of highly artistic products for professionals.

Oil paints for painting

How much oil paints cost depends on the type of product chosen. The cost is influenced by the pigment used, the binder base, the volume of the tube and the reputation of the company. Domestic Sonet and Ladoga can be bought from 130 rubles per tube of 30-40 ml, products from foreign manufacturers cost from 200 rubles for the same volume. It is more profitable to buy kits - each tube separately will be much more expensive.

Podolsk Products for Artists

The domestic manufacturer offers high-quality thickly grated oil products at an affordable price:

Model name: for oil painting;
price: 109 rub.;
characteristics: quantity 46 ml, natural resins, yellow amber;
pros: thick, bright pigmentation, color purity;
cons: expensive, no imitations.

Natural pigments are contained in another line of a similar brand, suitable for beginning artists:

model name: Italian series;
price: 104 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml, no brush;
pros: original earthy colors;
cons: poor range.

Nevskaya palette

The brand from St. Petersburg offers to buy tubes one at a time or in a set. The second one costs more:

model name: set of artistic oil shades;
price: 2620 rub.;
characteristics: 12 colors, 10 ml each;
pros: tube release form;
cons: no brush, delivery.

Individual tubes can be purchased from the same brand for less, making them popular among students:

model name: Sonnet;
price: 376 rub.;
characteristics: 10 ml, cardboard packaging;
pros: bright, rich colors, cheap;
cons: not the highest quality components.

Gamma

This is a popular domestic brand that produces a wide range of creative materials:

model name: Studio;
price: 155 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml;
pros: wide range;
cons: not found.

The second series produced by the company is the Old Master line, distinguished by its wide range:

model name: Old Master;
price: 155 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml:
pros: comfortable tube;
cons: not found.

Master Class

The Nevskaya Palitra art factory produces a Master Class series containing turpentine, acrylic and oil components:

Model Name: White Lead:
price: 186 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml;
advantages: increased durability;
cons: no discounts.

In addition to zinc and titanium white colors, the series offers a wide range of different shades to suit every taste:

model name: Master-Class;
price: 522 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml;
pluses: wide range, shine;
Cons: high cost, no sales.

Art Materials

Another Russian brand is the company Art Materials, which pleases consumers with a large palette:

model name: NORMA PROFESSIONAL;
price: 674 rub.;
characteristics: 35 ml, light fastness level 4 and 5;
pros: 84 tones, do not leave raised strokes, low consumption;
cons: half of the shades belong to the high price category.

For painting oil paintings using the alla prima (wet) painting technique, another series from the same manufacturer is suitable:

model name: professional series;
price: 674 rub.;
characteristics: metal tube, 35 ml;
advantages: good adhesion, homogeneous creamy consistency, high pigmentation, environmentally friendly product;
cons: expensive, no promotions.

Malevich

A set of paints with the original name Malevich will be useful for beginners and professional artists:

model name: set;
price: 3860 rub.;
characteristics: set of 14 colors, 40 ml each;
pros: there is a brush, thinner, varnish and a metal oiler included, the light fastness rating is 7 points out of 8;
cons: not honey, cardboard packaging.

In addition to the oil set, you can purchase separate, convenient, economical aluminum tubes:

model name: Pro;
price: 315 rub.;
characteristics: 40 ml;
pros: high-quality light-resistant components, can be written without dilution, fine grated consistency;
cons: not found.

Ferrario

Italian craftsmen know a lot about developing creative products, so they launched the Ferrari brand on the market:

model name: Da Vinci;
price: 313 rub.;
characteristics: 60 ml;
pros: thin, high light fastness, suitable for canvas, cardboard, paper, wood;
cons: among the thinners there is white spirit.

The ARTIST OIL series has been developed for professionals, which features a soft, comfortable transparent tube:

model name: ARTIST OIL;
price: 674 rub.;
characteristics: 100 or 250 ml;
pros: high pigmentation, thin consistency, can be applied with a brush or spatula;
cons: 24 shades.

Winsor & Newton

The English Winsor & Newton is considered one of the oldest factories in Europe, which produces a rich palette:

model name: WINTON;
price: 600 rub.;
characteristics: 37 ml;
pros: high pigmentation, good coverage and light fastness, 47 colors;
cons: sold only by piece.

For professional craftsmen, the factory offers a line of the same name, characterized by high quality:

Model name: Professional;
price: 420 rub.;
characteristics: 5 ml;
pros: light-resistant natural components, you can choose different degrees of transparency, 96 colors;
cons: small volume.

Maimeri

The Italian factory Maimeri produces tubes individually and in sets. The latter are more profitable because they cost less:

model name: CLASSICO;
price: 4750 rub.;
characteristics: 12 shades, 20 ml each;
pros: the kit includes a palette, no waxes or additives, safflower oil for light colors;
cons: limited edition.

The classic line, produced in a professional volume, has a wider color palette:

model name: Idea;
price: 605 rub.;
characteristics: 60 ml;
pros: suitable for different materials, textured effect;
cons: expensive.

Sonnet

Sonnet brand products have been developed specifically for painting using synthetic components:

model name: Sonnet;
price: 179 rub.;
characteristics: 46 ml;
pros: same drying time, 51 colors;
cons: suitable only for brushes made of kolinsky, synthetic, bristles or palette knives.

From oil paint sets from the same manufacturer, the following series in 12 mini-tubes is distinguished:

Model name: Sonet oil set;
price: 1564 RUR;
characteristics: 12 pcs. 10 ml each;
pros: light-resistant organic pigments, many pure colors, transparency, UV protection;
cons: cardboard packaging.

Sennelier

The French brand Sennelier has been known since 1887 and produces time-tested art materials:

model name: Etude;
price: 453 rub.;
characteristics: 34 ml;
pluses: brightness, intensity, light fastness, color range - 36 shades;
cons: none.

Another line of the French company is Artists, suitable for professionals and beginning artists:

model name: Artists;
price: 392 rub.;
characteristics: 40 ml;
advantages: economical consumption, high-quality pigmentation;
cons: none.

Royal Talens

The Dutch manufacturer offers several lines on the Russian market. Oil Van Gogh is popular:

model name: Van Gogh;
price: 2220 rub.;
characteristics: 20 pcs. 10 ml each;
pros: vegetable oils, color depth does not change after drying;
cons: cardboard box.

If you don’t need a set of oil paints, you can buy tubes separately, but they will be more expensive than the collection:

model name: ART CREATION;
price: 765 rub.;
characteristics: 200 ml;
pros: brightness, color saturation, light fastness;
cons: only professional volume.

How to choose oil paints

If an artist is just starting to work with oil, he will need advice on choosing materials:

the more stars in the marking, the higher the light resistance;
the level of shading of the square in the designation indicates covering properties, a completely shaded square indicates a high percentage;
It’s better to buy in separate tubes;
choose dark colors of smaller volume;
Beginners are advised to choose Ladoga or Sonet paints, professionals - PEBEO.

Video

Nowadays, many people are trying to diversify their leisure time. To do this, they come up with various activities and hobbies. The most popular of them are handicrafts and painting. The latter is perfect for people who have not found themselves in other types of creativity. If you are one of them, then try oil paintings. For beginners, this business will seem difficult, but by following all the tips and recommendations, you will be able to master it and achieve good results.

Preparing for work

Before mastering a step-by-step master class on oil painting for beginners, you need to correctly select all the tools and materials for the job. The quality and attractiveness of your painting will depend on this.

Choice of colors

You should start preparing for drawing by choosing paints. Thanks to them, you can emphasize individual details of the drawing and give it a complete look. Artists use the following types of paints for their works:

Gouache and watercolor are used for graphics, and oil, acrylic, and tempera are used for painting. For beginners, it is best to use oil paints. They can be easily found in specialized stores and are also easier to work with.

There is no generally accepted technique for painting oil paintings. Each artist selects his own style, which he follows in the process of creating all his paintings. Oil paints can be applied either paste (with undiluted paint) or liquid (with the addition of a solvent). By practicing with different application techniques, you can choose the optimal and most convenient method for you.

Since the 15th century, painters all over the world began to use various oils (walnut, linseed, poppy) as binders. For example, the famous Dutch painter Peter Paul Rubens used oils that were previously thickened and bleached by the sun, as well as resins that made his paint viscous. Thanks to this, they dried very quickly and had good adhesion to the canvas. Among Russian artists (Venetsianov, Rublev, Repin, Bryullov, Korovin), painting varnishes made from various resins were especially popular.

Most types of oils used practically do not change the color of the paint. At the same time, they dry out for a very long time and, when hardened, form a fragile film. Because of this, paintings painted using such paints require additional processing and care.

The best option for beginners would be to use linseed oil as a binder. Paint with its addition dries quite quickly and does not require additional processing. Its only drawback is that when it dries it gives the paint a light brown tint. To get rid of this unwanted change, artificial brighteners are used.

When buying oil paints, first of all pay attention to their expiration date. If it has already been released or is running out, then refuse to purchase or look for more “fresh” materials.

Oil paints are available in a huge number of color options. If you're new to this business, you shouldn't buy them all. It is enough to purchase basic colors and learn how to work with them. Having acquired certain skills, you can always buy paint in the missing shade. Oil paints are produced by many companies, so their prices vary over a very wide range. If you are only taking the first steps in mastering painting, then it is best to abandon expensive options and give preference to simpler and cheaper ones.

Purchasing solvents

The choice of solvent is also very important when preparing for work. The wrong material can ruin your paints and make them unsuitable for painting. Most often used for diluting paints:

Preparing the base

Before starting a master class on oil painting for beginners, you should correctly select and prepare the base on which the paint will be applied. Work can be performed on the following surfaces:

canvas;
tree;
glass;
cardboard;
metal;
paper.

Any of these bases must first be primed. This is necessary so that the paints adhere better to the surface and stick to it. The primer also prevents cracking and shrinkage of the applied paint layer.

Selected and prepared canvases are stretched onto a stretcher (wooden frame) or attached to thick cardboard. An important criterion when choosing a canvas for work is its grain size. If you are going to apply paint impasto, then the best option for you will be a coarse-grained surface, if “finely” - a fine-grained canvas. For beginners, it is best to choose something in between, and then proceed from your preferences.

The finished base can be purchased at any store specializing in the sale of painting supplies. The cheapest option is primed cardboard. It and other types of foundation can not only be purchased in the store, but also ordered online.

Brushes and palette knives

To fully study the oil painting master class, you need to prepare your brushes. They are made from bristles, natural bristles or synthetics. According to their form they are divided into:

Flat. These brushes are used by artists to paint with large strokes over large areas of the canvas.
Round brushes. They are necessary for drawing small parts of the image.
Fan-shaped. These brushes are ideal for creating smooth color transitions.

You can find brushes in any specialty store or department. Their price directly depends on the quality of workmanship and the high cost of the material used. For beginners, the simplest options are suitable. With proper care, they can last you more than one month.

In order to extend their service life, it is necessary to wash them after each use. First, they are washed with any solvent, and then washed with ordinary soap. If the paint on the brush has already dried, then it needs to be placed in a container with turpentine and kept there for several minutes. After this, it is washed with solvent and laundry soap. Clean brushes are dried in a horizontal or vertical position.

In the process of learning oil painting for beginners, the following types of brushes are used step by step:

Synthetic brush for drawing fine details.
Fan-shaped pony hair brush for smooth color transitions.
Several flat brushes.

Palette knives are tools that are used for mixing paints and correcting defects. For beginners, the best option would be to buy a diamond-shaped tool for painting and a rounded one for the palette.

Palette and workspace

The palette is designed for mixing paints of different colors. This item can be easily found in any art store or made yourself from a piece of plastic or glass. After each use, the palette must be cleaned. If you don’t want to spend time on this, you can use any cardboard or cut-up juice or milk carton.

To get the most out of drawing, it is important to choose the right place to work. It is best to paint in natural light. If this is not possible, then you must try to illuminate the working surface as best as possible. Make sure that the lamps do not cast glare on your painting and do not interfere with the creative process.

When choosing a room, you should give preference to those that are located as far as possible from the bedroom, playroom of children and animals. The room must be well ventilated, since materials with unpleasant odors are used during work. The room should not be too damp or dusty.

Painting is one of the most mysterious and alluring forms of creativity., which makes it possible to use a brush and your own imagination to create a colorful three-dimensional world on canvas.

Every year painting becomes more and more popular. A large number of people, from the youngest to the most mature, want to engage in painting and develop themselves in the creative field. Most believe that in order to engage in drawing, painting, acting, singing, etc. talent is required. Yes, to some extent it is important, but the most important thing is the desire and desire to achieve results. Every year a large number of painting courses for beginners are created.

In order to learn painting, you can take an experienced teacher to teach you the basics, or you can try to learn how to paint oil paintings on your own. Learn oil painting from scratch It’s absolutely not difficult, the main thing is your desire.

To practice painting, you will first need to purchase all the necessary materials:

Oil paints;
Oil painting brushes;
Linseed oil, thinner and dammar varnish;
The palette is the one with which you will be comfortable;
Canvas, preferably on cardboard, this is most suitable for beginners;
Easel;
Container for washing brushes.

For the first time, you need to try to paint small pictures. It is best for beginners to start drawing flowers or bouquets of flowers.

In order to learn how to draw, you need to learn how to apply color to canvas. There are a huge variety of ways to apply paint. The paint can be applied impasto, with a sponge, with a semi-dry brush, shaded with a finger, etc. You can use a toothpick or the tip of a dry brush to remove wet paint from the canvas.

Merging tones achieved by applying two colors next to each other and gently rubbing them: as soon as the border begins to merge and acquire a completely different color, then you have achieved fusion.

Applying paint with a palette knife. The paint is applied, and then it is cut with the edge of a palette knife, creating an interesting and unusual texture.

Impressionism. It is formed by dotted strokes applied with a bristle brush or palette knife, which then need to be rubbed.

By adhering to the basic rules of drawing lessons step by step, you will get better and better each time.

By learning to draw, you can improve the interior of your home, apartment, or cottage. Your gifts will be unique, as you will make them with your own hands. A talented person is talented in everything. Having mastered drawing lessons from scratch, you can easily try yourself in other creative professions.