Presentation on the MHC on the topic Circus (9th grade). Presentation on the MCC on the topic Spectacular arts
strong men and animals. It was a large area surrounded by seats
for the audience. With the advent of theaters, the circus ceased to be the main thing
entertainment, and was almost forgotten for many years. In 18th century France
a circus was built, unlike the ancient Roman one.
The new circus was a round hall in which various horse exercises and acrobatic tricks were shown. The audience really appreciates this
The new circus was a round hall in which various shows were shown.horseback riding exercises and acrobatic stunts. This is very
liked it, and circuses began to be built in other countries, and for performances
added the fight of wild animals among themselves and with dogs. Inside the hall there was an arena (or arena) - a round platform for
speeches. There were rows of seats for spectators around the arena. Every
the next row is higher than the previous one so that everyone can see the arena.
This method of building circuses continues to this day. Circuses can be permanent or traveling. Permanent builds in large
cities, and mobile ones move from city to city. Artists, animals and
all items needed for performances travel to
trailers on wheels. The building of the traveling circus looks like a very
a large tent called a tent.
When a traveling circus comes to a city, posters are posted on the streets announcing where and when the performance will take place. You can buy tickets
Whenmobile
circus
comes to town, on the streets
put up
posters
–
ads,
Where
And
When
will take place
performance.
Tickets can be purchased at the box office
before the start of the show
or in advance.
During the performance, the presenter calls the names of the artists and animals who will perform. Each circus shows its own attraction
During the showthe presenter calls names
artists
And
animals,
who will perform.
IN
everyone
circus
show their own
exciting program
so go to the circus
always interesting. A circus act is a performance by one or more artists.
Acrobats show their strength and agility. They know how to somersault
jump, maintain balance in positions in which a simple
the person would immediately fall. The word "acrobatics" comes from the Greek
expressions “climbing up”.
Gymnasts are very flexible and can do incredibly complex movements. This gymnast performs a handstand and shoots an arrow with her feet.
GymnastsVery
flexible and can do
incredibly complex
movements.
This
gymnast performs
handstand and
kicks shoots from
Luke.
This is an aerialist on a ring. The ring is suspended very high above the arena. So that the girl does not get injured if she falls, I pull it at the bottom
This is an aerialist on a ring. The ring is hung very highabove the arena. So that the girl does not get injured if she falls, below
they tighten the net, or attach a rope to the gymnast’s belt -
insurance. Aerialists can also perform on a rope,
tape and other special devices. An animal trainer is called a trainer. He trains animals
various unusual skills - running on their hind legs, climbing
stairs, jumping rope and even rollerblading.
Look how deftly this parrot balances on a top hat!
In ancient Rome, gladiator warriors fought wild animals in the arena. Later, tigers and lions began to be trained, and this is how the profession of ukro appeared.
In ancient Rome, gladiator warriors fought in the arena with wildanimals. Later, tigers and lions began to be trained, and this is how
the profession of a tamer. The playpen is covered with netting to protect
spectators from possible attacks by animals. Tiger though
trained, but still a predator.
Different animals can be wonderful artists: cats, dogs, monkeys, mice, pigeons and even elephants!
Clowns are artists who perform funny acts. Clowns perform funny skits and play musical instruments. While the artist
Clowns are artists who perform funny acts. ClownsThey show funny skits and play musical instruments.
While the performers are preparing to enter the arena, the clowns are entertaining
spectators with jokes, competitions, tricks. Juggling is a circus act in which performers
demonstrate the ability to quickly throw and catch objects in
a certain sequence. Juggling often connects
with balancing, acrobatics or clowning. The juggler can
perform alone or in pairs.
The task of an equilibrist is to maintain balance on unstable objects. This artist not only easily stands on five cylinders, but also at the same time
Tasktightrope walker
–
hold
equilibrium
on
unstable
subjects.
This artist is not only easy
runs on five cylinders, but
and juggles at the same time
with clubs.
Only trained gymnasts can rotate several gymnastic hoops at once and not drop any of them. This exercise is called hu
Rotate several at oncegymnastic hoops and
no one can be dropped
only
trained
gymnasts.
This
the exercise is called
hula hoop, from the name
Polynesian dance and
English
words
"hoop". Motofoso is a circus act in which the artist portrays a doll.
During the performance, the doll takes incredible poses and makes
funny movements. Then the doll “comes to life”, takes off its clothes and
it becomes clear to everyone that this is a person. Try to guess
where are the hands and feet of this artist? The fakir shows his body's insensitivity to pain. Fakir knows how
stand on nails and broken glass, breathe fire out of your mouth and not
get burned while doing this. Do not repeat such numbers under any circumstances.
You can't - it's life-threatening! Both adults and children love magic tricks, so in the circus program there are no
tricks are indispensable. Magicians are also called illusionists.
The illusionist shows the appearance, disappearance, transformation
various items. The word "illusion" comes from the Latin
the words “I’m deceiving, I’m playing.” In an ice circus, the arena is covered with ice and all the performers perform on
ice skating Performing in a circus on ice is even more difficult than in a regular one.
circus. You need to not only show your number, but also
It's beautiful to skate. In the circus on the water, or dolphinarium, dolphins perform, sea
seals, killer whales and other sea animals. They play ball
they swim races, jump in hoops and even draw. Artists train every day to perform their act without
errors. Some exercises are achieved after years of hard work.
training. Animals need to be fed tasty food and walked so that they
were healthy. Without patience and work nothing would have happened!
Many circus performers perform with entire families. Often children in such families continue the work of their parents and become circus performers. D
Many circus performers perform with entire families. Often children insuch families continue the work of their parents and become circus
artists. Children also train a lot and perform in the arena with
with your numbers. Professional skills are transmitted from
generation to generation. Epilogue is the final appearance of the artists to say goodbye to the public.
You can come to the circus with a bouquet of flowers and give flowers to the artists. They
will be very glad that you liked their performance. if you love
laugh, admire and be surprised, then the circus is for you!
Irina Tokareva
Presentation of the project “Circus, circus, circus!”
On the eve of April Fool's Day, held on April 1, I decided to implement it with the children of the younger group project, the purpose of which was to broaden the horizons of children and, of course, create an atmosphere of a bright, unforgettable holiday. During project I introduced the children to circus professions(clown, acrobat, trainer and others) I suggested that parents, together with their baby, make a craft “Funny Clown” from scrap and scrap materials, the clowns turned out funny and amusing - we have a bright one on our shelf. colorful exhibition. Just as theater begins with a hanger, so the children learned that the circus begins with a poster, which they made independently, with a little help from the teacher. The children enjoyed watching the cartoons "Boniface's Vacation" and "Girl in circus“We drew and painted a clown, made an applique” Clown Barbariska. "The kids were delighted with the cartoon horse hero. They dressed up in a clown costume and made each other laugh. The final event of my the project was fun"Visiting the clown Timoshka. I suggest you watch presentation of this project.
Publications on the topic:
The circus lights up. Photo report. Children all love the circus. Circus is joy, circus is fun and laughter, entertainment, relaxation and lifting your spirits.
As part of the project “Circus! Circus! Circus" my first lapbook "Circus" appeared. Lapbook - literally translated from English means “kneeling.”
Entertainment “The circus has come to us” Entertainment “The circus has come to us” Goal: Creating an atmosphere of fun, goodwill, the need for collective communication, and friendly competition.
Entertainment in the senior group "Circus" Goal: to develop skills and abilities to correctly perform movements in various forms of organizing children’s motor activity. Call.
Scenario of the matinee “The Circus Has Arrived” Goal: Consolidation of skills to perform general developmental movements with objects, development of auditory attention.
Entertainment scenario "Circus" Municipal budgetary preschool institution “Combined kindergarten No. 7 “Talent”” Entertainment scenario “Circus” for children.
Story-based activity “Circus, circus, circus!!!” (senior preschool age) Progress of the lesson: Instructor: Come in, please! An extraordinary performance awaits us today. Our circus is passing by today, only today.
Slide 2: The structure of the Roman theater
The Roman theater arose when the patriarchal-tribal system decomposed. He did not know the social and round dance forms of the Greek theater and did not rely on the amateur performances of the urban population. The Roman theater was immediately professional. Roman theater was not associated with the cult of a deity, as in Greece, so it did not have the same social significance. The actors were not respected people, but despised people. They were recruited from among slaves and freedmen and could be beaten for poor performance.
Slide 3
Reconstruction of the ancient Roman Theater of Marcellus
Slide 4
Performances were staged in honor of public holidays, as well as at any other time on the initiative of one of the noble citizens. For a long time there were no permanent theater buildings in Rome. For performances, special temporary wooden structures were built, which were broken down at the end of the performance. The first permanent stone theater was built around 55 BC. commander Gnaeus Pompey the Great and accommodated 17 thousand spectators. By the end of the 1st century. BC. Two more theaters appeared in Rome, accommodating up to 45 thousand spectators. The building became uniform in height - three storeys. The spectators in the theater were cooled by a water pipe. The theater in Rome had a curtain; Before the start of the performance, it was lowered in front of the stage area.
Slide 5
The birth of the main genres of Roman literature was associated with imitation of Greek and Hellenistic models. The works of the first Roman playwright, Livius Andronicus (c. 280–207 BC), were adaptations of Greek tragedies of the 5th century. BC, like most of the writings of his followers Gnaeus Naevius (c. 270–201 BC) and Quintus Ennius (239–169 BC). At the same time, Gnaeus Naevius is credited with creating the Roman national drama - pretexts (Romulus, Clastidia); his work was continued by Ennius (The Rape of the Sabine Women) and Actium (170 - ca. 85 BC), who completely abandoned mythological subjects (Brutus).
Slide 6
Andronicus and Naevius are also considered the first Roman comedians who created the genre of palleata (Latin comedy based on a Greek plot); Naevius took material from Old Attic comedies, but supplemented it with Roman realities. The heyday of palleata is associated with the work of Plautus (mid-3rd century - 184 BC) and Terence (c. 195-159 BC), who were already guided by Neo-Attic comedy, especially Menander; they actively developed everyday topics (conflicts between fathers and children, lovers and pimps, debtors and moneylenders, problems of education and attitudes towards women).
Slide 7
In the second half of the 2nd century. BC. the Roman national comedy (togata) was born; Afranius stood at its origins; in the first half of the 1st century. BC. Titinius and Atta worked in this genre; they depicted the life of the lower classes and ridiculed the decline of morals. At the end of the 2nd century. BC. atellana (Pomponius, Novius) also received a literary form; now they began to play it after the performance of the tragedy for the entertainment of the audience; She often parodied mythological stories; The mask of an old rich miser, thirsty for positions, acquired special significance in her. At the same time, thanks to Lucilius (180–102 BC), satire turned into a special literary genre - satirical dialogue.
Slide 8: Circus
In Rome, the largest city of antiquity, there were seven circuses. All of them were structured almost identically, but the most extensive and oldest of them was the so-called Great Circus. This circus was located in a valley formed by two hills - the Palatine and the Aventine. The main performance was horse and chariot racing. According to legend, such races were established by one of the founders of Rome, Romulus. Later, about 600 BC, the first wooden circus was built in this valley. Over the centuries, it expanded more and more, was decorated with marble, bronze, and by the beginning of our era it had become a grandiose hippodrome, designed for 150 thousand spectators.
Slide 9
In terms of its structure, the Circus Maximus was primarily a rectangular arena in plan. Along its entire length, on both sides there were raised rows of seats for the public. A curious feature of the circus arena was the back - a wide (6 meters) and low (1.5 meters) stone wall, which, like a ridge, divided the arena into two halves. Tourists coming to Rome from different countries still admire the ruins of the Colosseum, which was once a huge amphitheater - with a circumference of more than 500 meters and a capacity of about 50 thousand people. The Colosseum itself was called in ancient times the Flavian Amphitheater - after the family name of the emperors Vespasian, Titus and Domitian, under whom this monumental spectacular structure was created.
10
Slide 10
In the Roman circus, not only the winning drivers received awards, but also the winning horses. People received money and expensive clothes, and both people and horses received palm branches and wreaths (also rewards). Gladiator fights were also public spectacles, reaching an extraordinary scale under the Roman emperors (for example, Augustus organized gladiator fights eight times, with 10 thousand people participating). One of the favorite gladiatorial fights among spectators was the so-called fishing. The first of them, armed with a sword and a shield, wore an image of a fish on his helmet. The second used a sharpened trident as a weapon and was equipped with a metal net). The goal of the “game” was that the retiarius had to entangle the enemy with a net, knock him to the ground and, if the spectators wished, finish off the “fish” with a trident; the other’s task was to escape unharmed from the “fisherman” and at the first convenient moment to hit him with a sword...
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Slide 11
The gladiators' armor, beautiful in appearance, left large areas of the body unprotected: the fighters were obliged to entertain the audience with their wounds, blood, and finally death, which increased the public's interest in the fight. It goes without saying that gladiators were well trained in the arts of fencing and hand-to-hand combat. They learned this in gladiatorial barracks schools (both private and imperial), where cruel cane discipline reigned - right up to beating to death. First of all, gladiators were prisoners of war (“barbarians,” as the Romans contemptuously called them.
12
Slide 12
The fate of the gladiators was difficult, but it was even worse for the bestiaries (animal fighters) who fought wild animals - boars, bears, panthers, lions. In Rome there was a special school for them, but most often convicts acted as bestiaries. They were released into the arena almost unarmed - with a short sword or a light spear. In addition to such “spectacles,” animal persecution took place in the Colosseum. A rhinoceros was forced to fight with an elephant, a panther with a bull, and a bear with a wild boar. They were often tied in pairs with lassoes, and the spectators went into frantic delight when the animals began to torment each other.
13
Slide 13
In the same Colosseum, trained animals were shown: lions caught hares and released them unharmed, elephants danced and, according to Roman custom, reclined at tables with food; In the Great Circus, gymnast competitions, running runs, fist fights, and discus throwing were held. These shows did not cause delight among the expansive Roman public and little by little they faded away altogether, as they did not satisfy the principles of the same notorious policy - “bread and circuses”... Such were circuses and circus shows in Ancient Rome. Thus, the art of the circus was born in blood and pain.
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Slide 14
Musical art of Ancient Rome
15
Slide 15
At the end of antiquity, Rome played a large role in the musical life of slave society. The musical art of this huge colonial empire reflected its wealth, the antiquity of culture, the artistic talent of the people and at the same time the ever more rapidly approaching decline and decomposition of the slave world.
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Slide 16
The Roman capital lived a noisy and luxurious, but superficial musical life. Music accompanied magnificent spectacles and bloody circus competitions
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
2 slide
Slide description:
Circus (from the Latin circus - circle, circle) is one of the most beloved forms of art. At the heart of circus art is a trick - an action that is difficult to perform and emotionally impressive. The combination of such stunt actions in combination with music, choreography, words, and external design forms a circus act, and their combination forms a program; if there is a plot outline - a circus performance.
3 slide
Slide description:
Like theater, it arose from the labor, ritual, and military activities of people (see article “The most ancient forms of theatrical performances”). In Europe XI - XVI centuries. In the fairgrounds, traveling comedians entertained the people. In a circle formed by spectators, the artists showed their skills in acrobatics, gymnastics, juggling, and acted out comic scenes. From the 16th century In Europe, riding schools became widespread - the origins of one of the types of the future circus - the equestrian circus.
4 slide
Slide description:
From the middle of the 18th century. A higher riding school appears, where masterful horse control and the art of horse training achieve special perfection. Riders are put forward - riders, trainers, who, at the head of small equestrian acrobatic groups, perform in temporary arenas for the public.
5 slide
Slide description:
In 1770, the former English cavalryman Philip Astley (1742 - 1814) built a Riding School in London, which he transformed in 1780 into a special “Astley Amphitheater”. Historians trace the beginning of the modern professional circus to him. In the same year, Astley built a branch of this school - the "English Amphitheater of the Faubourg Temple" in the Paris area. In addition to equestrian performances, the program included performances by acrobats, gymnasts, and clowns; pantomimes were staged. Pantomimes became widespread in the 19th century, attracting people with plots that responded to the most important events of their time.
6 slide
Slide description:
How did the professional circus develop in Russia? At the beginning of the 19th century. most circus entrepreneurs and performers were foreigners. From the second half of the 19th century. domestic circuses appear. The creators of the first Russian circus were the brothers Akim (1843 - 1917), Dmitry (1835 - 1918) and Peter (1846 - 1921) Nikitin, who came from the family of the former serf Alexander Nikitin. They began their journey as artists, performing on the streets to the music of a barrel organ played by their father. In 1873, they opened a small circus in Penza, which was a success. A.A. Nikitin Circus on the former Ekaterinoslavskaya Street. Kharkov A.A. Nikitin (1843-1917)
7 slide
Slide description:
In the Russian circuses of that period (S. Ciniselli in St. Petersburg, A. Salamonsky in Moscow, on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, Truzzi in large provincial cities), entire generations of outstanding Russian artists were formed, many of whom later wrote memorable pages in the history of the Soviet circus. These are the famous satirical clowns, trainers brothers Vladimir Leonidovich (1863 - 1934) and Anatoly Leonidovich (1864 - 1916) Durovs How did the professional circus develop in Russia?
8 slide
Slide description:
The performances of Vitaly Efimovich Lazarenko (1890 - 1939) enjoyed great success with the public. He combined satirical clown acts with acrobatics. Popular in the Russian circus, next to the Durovs and Lazarenkos, were the Alperov clowns, the Tahiti brothers, and Bim-Bom. Russian artists in all genres performed successfully at the country's arenas. Among them were the widely known tightrope walker F. F. Molodtsov, horsemen of various profiles: the Gamsakhurdia family, P. S. Krutikov, V. T. Sobolevsky, N. L. Sychev, P. A. Fedoseevsky; athletes and wrestlers: I. M. Poddubny, I. M. Zaikin, N. A. Vakhturov, P. F. Krylov, I. V. Shemyakin, who emerged victorious from competitions with famous world and European champions; acrobats Vinkins; cyclist figure skaters Podrezov (on the Poldi stage); jugglers K. and M. Pashchenko, juggler on horse N. A. Nikitin and others. How did the professional circus develop in Russia?
Slide 9
Slide description:
The October Revolution is a historical milestone in the history of the Russian circus, which marked a sharp turn in the organization of the creative activities of arena masters. In January 1919, a Circus Section was created in the theater department of the People's Commissariat for Education. On August 26, 1919, V.I. Lenin signed the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars “On the unification of the theatrical business.” Having announced the nationalization of circuses, the decree forever predetermined the democratic essence of the circus as an art form, which, along with theaters, is necessary for the people and needs the constant organizational and ideological and creative leadership of the Soviet state. Indeed, the USSR circus has become a qualitatively new phenomenon. How did the professional circus develop in Russia? Acrobatic tightrope walkers N. and P. Mayatsky