Ege in chemistry. How to solve chemistry problems, ready-made solutions

Chemistry is not the most suitable subject for testing knowledge in a test format. The test involves answer options, and the correct answer becomes obvious, or doubts arise due to close answer options. This greatly interferes with the student’s ability to concentrate and answer questions. Of course, it is much easier for poor students to pass chemistry in the Unified State Exam format than in the classic version. But for the rest of the students, the Unified State Exam in chemistry became a big problem.

How to pass the Unified State Exam in Chemistry?

As with any exam, the Unified State Exam in Chemistry requires careful preparation. Answering test questions requires precise knowledge, and not approximate numbers, which are enough for the classic answer. If in writing a reaction by hand the conditions can be written in a range, then the Unified State Exam requires an exact answer to the question posed. Therefore, preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry is somewhat different from preparing for other exams. First of all, the role of practice and preparedness for such issues increases. They can best teach you how to pass the Unified State Exam in preparatory courses for college. Professors who may have participated in the preparation of assignments take part in the training. Therefore, they know better than anyone the subtleties of the questions, and the prepared traps that tend to bring down the student. But not everyone has the opportunity to attend expensive courses. In addition, some people do not necessarily need a high score in chemistry, but they still need to pass the Unified State Exam.

Online Unified State Exam tests - a type of self-preparation for the exam

In such cases, cooking itself comes to the fore. Even a school cannot provide a student with sufficient preparation for such a difficult exam. All responsibility falls on the student himself. Online Unified State Exam tests are considered one of the best ways to self-prepare. On the educational portal site you can take the online Unified State Exam test in chemistry to independently prepare for the upcoming exam. The online tests on our website are different in that you do not need to register or enter any personal data to take them. The online Unified State Exam is available to everyone an unlimited number of times. Another advantage is unlimited time. If you are faced with a difficult question, you can open a textbook or search the Internet for the answer to the question. In this way, knowledge gaps can be identified and addressed. Constant training also allows you to get used to the Unified State Exam format and learn to extract the exact knowledge from textbooks that is necessary to answer exam questions.

). But it’s not too late to catch up and finally understand the solubility table and formulas. And not only in them, if you make a clear plan and choose the right materials. Anna Tikhonova, chemistry teacher and author of the FarSmatceutika telegram channel, talks about preparing for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry.

For those preparing for the main school exam

This year the exam format has remained almost unchanged: instead of 34 tasks there will be 35. But because of this, the system for converting primary scores into test scores will change slightly. The exam consists of two parts: the first involves choosing numbers or a sequence of numbers (29 tasks), the second - answers with a detailed answer (6 tasks). Maximum number of primary points that can be scored for the first part - 40, for the second - 20. Usually my students start to panic at this stage - when they find out about the assignments. But in reality, everything is not as scary as it seems.

1. Find someone you can ask questions to.

It is not necessary to hire a tutor. This person could be a teacher at school or a student you know who is studying at the chemistry department. The main thing is not to be shy about asking even the stupidest, in your opinion, questions and try to close the gaps that arise during preparation. Believe me, the fact that you have at least some thoughts about chemistry already indicates that the process has started. Feel free to raise your hand during the lesson, ask the tutor, participate in discussions in thematic communities and don’t be afraid to look stupid in the eyes of others.

2. You will have three official cheat sheets for the exam. And you need to understand them

This periodic table, solubility table and voltage series of metals. They contain about 70% of the information that will help you pass the exam successfully. The remaining 30% of your success comes from your ability to use them.

To understand the periodic table, you must first study the periodic properties of elements: the structure of atoms of elements, electronegativity, metallic, non-metallic, oxidizing and reducing properties, valencies, oxidation states. If you remember them, you won’t have to remember the properties of each individual element or each individual substance in nature. Just look at the table and remember the periodic law.

A tip for those who always forget everything: F (Fluorine) is the strongest non-metal and the most electronegative element, and Fr (Francium) is the opposite (the strongest metal and the least electronegative element). This will help you start somewhere.

3. Review math. You can’t pass chemistry without it

Of course, no one asks you to integrate or differentiate, and in general you can use a non-programmable calculator during the exam. But repeating the topics of percentages and proportions is a must. There are not so many formulas that are necessary to solve problems. You only need to remember the basics: formula for calculating the mass fraction, mass of a substance, volume, amount of substance, density and product yield. Knowing them, you will be able to display others without any problems.

Try to derive the mass of the solution from the mass fraction formula or, knowing the mass and molar mass of the substance, determine its quantity. After a few weeks of training, you will notice that all these formulas are interconnected and, if you forget something, you can always derive the formula you need from another one.

4. Table of chemical reactions - your assistant

There are indeed a lot of substances in chemistry; they can be systematized and patterns can be identified. The table of interactions between substances will help you. Print it out and keep it in front of your eyes when you first start solving chains or reactions.

Photo: chemistrytutor.wordpress.com/2008/05/15/inorg

How to use it?

Learn to identify the class of substances (oxides, acids, salts, bases, metals and non-metals) and understand the types of reactions and how they differ from each other.
At least two substances react. Determine which class the first substance belongs to. Find the corresponding item in the table on the right (or at the top).
Do the same with the second substance, look for the item at the top of the table (or on the right).
Look at the intersection of these two points in the table - this is the answer that is obtained in the reaction.

You cannot use such a cheat sheet during the exam. But during preparation, you can easily remember what happens if, for example, an acid and alkali react, and other substances. And this is about 80% of the tasks on the Unified State Exam.

5. Take FIPI books and go from simple to complex

In fact, it doesn’t matter which textbook you choose to prepare for the Unified State Exam. Take the one where you will understand the material and which contains all the topics that will appear on the exam. As for tests, there is no need to reinvent the wheel here either: I recommend using FIPI books. The material they give is as close as possible to what will be on the exam. And you can solve texts on the topics you have studied directly on their website.

It’s worth starting with the blocks that are most common:

atomic structure, periodic properties of elements
types of chemical bond
classes of inorganic substances
hydrolysis
electrolysis
interaction of substances with each other and classification of chemical reactions
problems on the topic “solutions”
chemical equilibrium
organic chemistry (classes of compounds, their methods of preparation and chemical properties)

The remaining blocks are more difficult. After you complete the tasks for the main blocks, you will understand which topics you have gaps in and which you know well. Reinforce the topics that you know better than others, and return to studying the theoretical basis of those topics that are worse. Learn the topic and do 20 exercises a day. If you have little time to prepare, focus on assignments whose topics are clear to you. It is better to completely solve the problem with redox reactions (redox reactions) than to do nothing.

6. Theory is good, but without tests it’s still impossible

If it seems that you know everything from theory and you don’t need to spend time solving tests, this is not so. Most mistakes on the exam happen because the student misread the task or does not understand what is expected of him. The more often you take tests, the faster you will understand the structure of the exam and the complex and mysterious wording of the task.

For example, task No. 30 says: “From the proposed list of substances, select substances between which an ion exchange reaction is possible. In your answer, write down the molecular, complete and abbreviated ionic equations of only one of the possible reactions.” Very often, students skip the stage of writing the full ionic equation and immediately write the abbreviated one, because it’s faster. This is not a mistake, but I can deduct one primary point for this.

7. But you definitely don’t need to read unnecessary articles and literature

Sometimes, while preparing for an exam, a student gets so carried away that he begins to read highly specialized literature. And when answering a simple question, he confuses himself: it seems that zinc hydroxide exhibits amphoteric properties and reacts with both acids and bases, but in such and such an article it was said that new research says something completely different. And this calls into question all fundamental knowledge about chemistry! Of course, I'm exaggerating, but the point is that the purpose of the exam is to test your knowledge of the school curriculum. And the strategy “the simpler the better” works perfectly in tests.

The video course “Get an A” includes all the topics necessary to successfully pass the Unified State Exam in mathematics with 60-65 points. Completely all tasks 1-13 of the Profile Unified State Exam in mathematics. Also suitable for passing the Basic Unified State Examination in mathematics. If you want to pass the Unified State Exam with 90-100 points, you need to solve part 1 in 30 minutes and without mistakes!

Preparation course for the Unified State Exam for grades 10-11, as well as for teachers. Everything you need to solve Part 1 of the Unified State Exam in mathematics (the first 12 problems) and Problem 13 (trigonometry). And this is more than 70 points on the Unified State Exam, and neither a 100-point student nor a humanities student can do without them.

All the necessary theory. Quick solutions, pitfalls and secrets of the Unified State Exam. All current tasks of part 1 from the FIPI Task Bank have been analyzed. The course fully complies with the requirements of the Unified State Exam 2018.

The course contains 5 large topics, 2.5 hours each. Each topic is given from scratch, simply and clearly.

Hundreds of Unified State Exam tasks. Word problems and probability theory. Simple and easy to remember algorithms for solving problems. Geometry. Theory, reference material, analysis of all types of Unified State Examination tasks. Stereometry. Tricky solutions, useful cheat sheets, development of spatial imagination. Trigonometry from scratch to problem 13. Understanding instead of cramming. Clear explanations of complex concepts. Algebra. Roots, powers and logarithms, function and derivative. A basis for solving complex problems of Part 2 of the Unified State Exam.

Greetings to schoolchildren who have entered 11th grade! The last school year is the most memorable and important in a student’s life. After all, you need to finally decide on the choice of your future specialty and subjects for exams. This time I have selected useful material for you on how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in chemistry.

Theory for preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry

Exam preparation always begins with studying the theoretical part. Therefore, if your knowledge of chemistry is at an average level, improve the theory, but reinforce it with practical exercises.

In 2018, the Unified State Exam in Chemistry consisted of 35 tasks: the first 29 questions require choosing an answer from those proposed, or writing a digital answer after calculation, the remaining 6 tasks require providing a complete, detailed answer. For the first 29 answers you can score a maximum of 40 points, and for the second part of the Unified State Exam - 20 points. Perhaps in 2019 the structure of the Unified State Exam in chemistry will remain unchanged.

The main theoretical questions in the Unified State Exam in chemistry cover the following topics:

The structure of the atom in the modern understanding.
Mendeleev table.
Inorganic chemistry (chemical properties of metals and non-metals).
Organic chemistry (fats, proteins and carbohydrates).
Experimental chemistry in theory (working and safety rules in the laboratory, methods for obtaining a certain substance).
Ideas about methods for obtaining the required substances and elements in an industrial version (metallurgy and methods for producing metals in production, chemical industry).
Calculations using formulas and chemical equations.

Plan preparation for the Unified State Exam in chemistry

1). Create an annual plan with hourly calculations and a choice of preparation days. For example, study chemistry for 2 hours a day on Mondays, Wednesdays and Saturdays.

2). It is best to involve a loved one (parents or sister/brother) in the preparation. If this is not possible, then team up with another student planning to take the Unified State Exam in chemistry. This way you will feel each other’s support and at the same time push you on if one of you is lagging behind. This is a unique way of motivation, and the classes will be more interesting.

3). Calculate the time to complete each test task. This way you will know in advance how much time to spend on a question, and if you get stuck on something, you can move on to another task and return to the unfinished task later.

4). As you approach the exam, try to maximize your nutrition and sleep. The examinee should feel rested.

Advice! During the exam itself, you need to decide on the difficulty of the tasks. The items that are easiest for you to understand are best left for the last 30 minutes of the exam. The problems in the second part will give you a high score, so it is recommended to start with them, but it is advisable to adhere to the planned time for completing each task. Simple questions can be answered at the end of the exam.

Books for preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry

On one's own prepare for the chemistry exam possible by studying textbooks and teaching aids. This method is the most difficult, since the student will need maximum concentration, the ability to independently understand the material, perseverance and self-discipline.

Among the popular textbooks for preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry are:

“Unified State Exam. Chemistry. Big reference book" (authors - Doronkin, Sazhneva, Berezhnaya). The book describes in detail the main sections of organic and inorganic chemistry, as well as general chemistry. The manual contains tasks for the practical part. The book contains 560 pages. Approximate cost is about 300 rubles.
« Chemistry tutor"(author - Egorov). The book was created for in-depth study of chemistry in preparation for the Unified State Exam. “Tutor” consists of theoretical questions and answers to them (thematic testing), as well as practical problems by difficulty level with a detailed explanation of the solution algorithm. The book contains 762 pages. Approximate cost is about 600 rubles.

Courses in chemistry: preparation for the Unified State Exam

The most popular and easiest way preparation for the Unified State Exam in chemistry Attendance at group courses or individual tutoring is accepted. Self-discipline and independent analysis of materials are not required here. A chemistry teacher will schedule a visit and help you understand simple and complex problems within the approved program.

The material provided in chemistry courses is usually based on questions and topics from last year's USE exams. The teacher takes into account the most common mistakes of students and gives a complete analysis of such problems.

Chemistry website for preparing for the Unified State Exam

Distance learning is popular now, so you can take advantage of the opportunity to prepare for the Unified State Exam in chemistry using online lessons. Some of them are free, some are completely paid, and there are online lessons with partial payment, i.e. you can watch the first lesson for free, and then decide to continue training on a paid basis.

The 2019 state final certification in chemistry for 9th grade graduates of general education institutions is carried out to assess the level of general education training of graduates in this discipline. The tasks test knowledge of the following sections of chemistry:

The structure of the atom.
Periodic Law and Periodic Table of Chemical Elements D.I. Mendeleev.
The structure of molecules. Chemical bond: covalent (polar and non-polar), ionic, metallic.
Valency of chemical elements. The degree of oxidation of chemical elements.
Simple and complex substances.
Chemical reaction. Conditions and signs of chemical reactions. Chemical equations.
Electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Cations and anions. Electrolytic dissociation of acids, alkalis and salts (average).
Ion exchange reactions and conditions for their implementation.
Chemical properties of simple substances: metals and non-metals.
Chemical properties of oxides: basic, amphoteric, acidic.
Chemical properties of bases. Chemical properties of acids.
Chemical properties of salts (average).
Pure substances and mixtures. Rules for safe work in a school laboratory. Chemical pollution of the environment and its consequences.
The degree of oxidation of chemical elements. Oxidizing agent and reducing agent. Redox reactions.
Calculation of the mass fraction of a chemical element in a substance.
Periodic law D.I. Mendeleev.
Initial information about organic substances. Biologically important substances: proteins, fats, carbohydrates.
Determination of the nature of the solution environment of acids and alkalis using indicators. Qualitative reactions to ions in solution (chloride, sulfate, carbonation, ammonium ion). Qualitative reactions to gaseous substances (oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia).
Chemical properties of simple substances. Chemical properties of complex substances.

Date of passing the OGE in chemistry 2019:
June 4 (Tuesday).

There are no changes in the structure and content of the 2019 examination paper compared to 2018.

In this section you will find online tests that will help you prepare for taking the OGE (GIA) in chemistry. We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in chemistry consists of two parts. The first part contains 19 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 3 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 19 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 15. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in chemistry consists of two parts. The first part contains 19 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 3 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 19 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 15. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in chemistry consists of two parts. The first part contains 19 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 3 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 19 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 15. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in chemistry consists of two parts. The first part contains 19 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 3 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 19 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 15. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in chemistry consists of two parts. The first part contains 19 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 3 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 19 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these tasks, answer options are offered only in 15. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. But for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

When completing tasks A1-A19, select only one correct option.
When completing tasks B1-B3, select two correct options.

When completing tasks A1-A15, select only one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A15, choose only one correct option.