Pushkin Museum on Volkhonka. Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts

The museum was opened to the public in 1912 as the Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III at the Imperial Moscow University. At that time, the basis of his collection was the collection of the Cabinet of Fine Arts and Antiquities of Moscow University, which consisted of antique vases, a numismatic collection, casts of ancient sculptures and a special library. At the end of the 19th century, original works of art and culture of Ancient Egypt were purchased specifically for the museum. During the same period, the systematic development of the museum began with the goal of creating a collection that would present the stages of the history of European art from antiquity to modern times.

Now in the Pushkin Museum there are four types of exhibitions. One of them is an exhibition of casts that were made in European workshops specifically for the museum according to molds taken from the originals. These high-quality copies allow you to get acquainted with works of art stored in other famous museums of the world - ancient sculpture, sculpture of Western Asia, the Middle Ages, and the Italian Renaissance.

The next exhibition is original works of art and culture of ancient civilizations. Many of them are finds from archaeological expeditions of the museum. A unique exhibit is kept here - a treasure that was found during excavations in Troy at the end of the 19th century by the German scientist Heinrich Schliemann. It was believed that this treasure was lost during the war. It turns out that it was taken to the Soviet Union from Germany and was kept in the museum's storerooms in strict secrecy.

The art gallery presents paintings by masters of the 8th-20th centuries. There is a collection of Byzantine icons and ancient mosaics, works by Botticelli, David, Poussin, Cranach. Some masterpieces, such as “Madonna and Child with Two Donors” and “Madonna and Child Enthroned,” came to the museum from European galleries after the Great Patriotic War. The works of impressionists and post-impressionists are widely represented: Gauguin, Picasso, Van Gogh, Matisse, works of European and American artists and sculptors of the 19th-20th centuries. The exhibition is structured in a certain order: national schools and artistic eras are presented separately. For example, there are such halls as “Art of Germany and the Netherlands of the 15th-16th centuries”, “Dutch school of the 17th century”, “Italian courtyard”, “Greek courtyard”. In addition to the masterpieces they contain, these halls attract with their architecture, repeating elements of the Acropolis of Athens and the Palazzo Bargello.

And finally... The integrity of private collections of works of art that somehow ended up in the museum is preserved here.

In total, the museum’s collection contains more than 670 thousand works of art. Of these, only 1.5% are presented to the general public. The museum exhibition is constantly changing, but many exhibits are never removed from storage due to certain requirements for their content.

Museum of Fine Arts. Pushkin in 1991 it was included in the State Code of Especially Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation.

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Time: 10:00-19:00, on Thursdays from 100 to 21. Closed on Monday.

Cost: 400 rubles, discount ticket - 200 rubles. Free - children under 16 years of age, students of faculties specializing in the field of fine arts, architecture and cinematography, universities and colleges of the Russian Federation, disabled people of groups 1 and 2 (citizens of the Russian Federation and the CIS), visitors in wheelchairs, persons accompanying disabled people of groups 1 and 2 , disabled children.
Free tickets: every Tuesday and the first Sunday of every month - members of large families (benefits are provided to parents and children under 18 years of age or children under 23 years of age if they are full-time students), every Wednesday and second Sunday of every month - persons studying basic professional educational programs (citizens of the Russian Federation), persons under 18 years of age.
Please note that the Pushkin Museum named after. A.S. Pushkin is not included in the list of museums available for free admission on the third Sunday of every month.

Address:

Pushkin Museum - Moscow, st. Volkhonka 12

Metro station:

Kropotkinskaya

The Pushkin Museum (official name is the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts) is one of the world's largest collections of painting, sculpture, graphics and rare archaeological artifacts. The collections of the Pushkin Museum are considered an invaluable cultural, historical and artistic property.

In the funds of the Pushkin Museum named after. More than 700 thousand exhibits are stored in Pushkin, only 1.5% of the total collection is exhibited in the halls. The museum complex includes several buildings in the center of the capital: the Main Building, the S. Richter Apartment Museum, the Department of Personal Collections and the Muzeon Center.

Most of the exhibitions are housed in the Main Building, built by architects R. Klein and I. Rerberg at the beginning of the 19th century. The huge house with a majestic colonnade and glass roof is included in the list of architectural monuments of federal significance.

The origins of the Pushkin Museum were the famous Russian archaeologist, scientist and teacher I.V. Tsvetaev. In 1893, he approached the capital authorities with a proposal to create a public museum based on the collection of the Cabinet of Antiquities of Moscow University. Tsvetaev proposed creating exhibitions reflecting the key stages in the development of art from ancient times to the present. The museum opened in May 1912, Ivan Vladimirovich became its first director.

The collections were based on exact copies of ancient statues and real artifacts purchased by the institution’s management from the Egyptologist V. Golenishchev. Gradually, the museum's funds were replenished: many paintings were donated by benefactors, purchased at auctions, and came from other collections. After the revolution, the repository was replenished with valuables confiscated from members of the aristocracy.

Today The Pushkin Museum is a world-class cultural center that hosts scientific lectures, debates, exhibitions, concerts of classical and organ music, presentations, creative meetings, film shows, etc.

The museum carries out enormous scientific work, equips archaeological expeditions, cooperates with specialized educational institutions, and educates children.

Permanent exhibitions

Painting

All exhibitions in the “Painting” hall are distributed according to the dates of creation of a particular painting, as well as in relation to the art school or movement. The earliest exhibits date back to the Byzantine period of European art. These are mainly works of icon painting.

Early Western European painting is represented by a unique collection of Italian artists belonging to the so-called “primitive” movement.

In 1948, the Pushkin Museum received the collection of the disbanded Museum of New Western Art, including paintings by outstanding French painters of the 19th and 20th centuries.

In the “Painting” hall, visitors will see original paintings by P. Gauguin, M. Pepain, O. Vernet, P. Elle, D. Pittoni, G. Kraus, L. Giordano, V. Verschure, J. de Troyes and many others.

Among the masterpieces stored in the Pushkin Museum: “The Lady at the Window” by A. Toulouse-Lautrec, “Hercules and Omphale” by F. Boucher, “Red Vineyards in Arles” and “Prisoners’ Walk” by Vincent van Gogh, “Boulevard des Capucines in Paris” and “Luncheon on the Grass” by Claude Monet, “Pierrot and Harlequin” by Paul Cezanne, etc.

A special place in the exhibition is occupied by the collection of paintings by Pablo Picasso: these are eleven canvases, including the famous painting “Girl on a Ball”, which became the artist’s calling card.

Graphic arts

The Pushkin Museum houses one of the world's richest collections of graphics, which includes 20 thousand engravings that belonged to Tsar Alexander II, Japanese engravings from the personal collection of S. Kitaev, works by Rembrandt from the collection of N. Mosolov, Russian engravings that belonged to D. Rovinsky and etc.

The museum stores more than 380 thousand engravings and drawings. The exhibition presents the most famous works of great masters: Rubens, Matisse, Picasso, Durer, Callot, Renoir and many others.

The pride of the museum is the collection of graphics by Salvador Dali from the series “Faust”, “Hippie”, “Surreal Tauromachy”, “Mythology”.

Sculpture

The sculpture collection of the Pushkin Museum includes works by outstanding masters of Western Europe - Claudion, Rodin, Lemoine, Maillol, Bourdelle; wooden statues from the 16th century; samples of ancient Egyptian, ancient Greek and Roman sculpture; sculptures by contemporary domestic and foreign authors.

The permanent exhibition includes two courtyards - Greek and Italian. These are spacious halls that house exact casts of the most famous statues of Ancient Hellas and the Roman Empire. The Greek courtyard is similar to the Athenian acropolis; there are life-size models of the Parthenon columns, copies of the famous sculptures of Phidias - “Athena Parthenos”, “Zeus”, “Wounded Amazon”, “Nike”, etc.

The Italian courtyard is an exact copy of one of the tiers of the Florentine Bargello palace; it attracts attention with equestrian statues - a copy of the Gattamelata monument by Donatello and a sculpture of the condottiere Colleoni by Verrocchiu. Here you can also see an exact cast of the Freiberg portal, a copy of the shrine of St. Sebald, bronze statues of medieval knights.

At the entrance to the Italian courtyard, visitors are greeted by the most famous cast of the museum, its calling card - an exact copy of the statue of David by Michelangelo.

From the Italian and Greek courtyards, visitors enter the hall of Ancient Egypt. Archaeological rarities, original sculptures and sarcophagi are presented here. The collection of the Pushkin Museum is considered the best collection of ancient Egyptian art in Russia. Visitors will see the sarcophagus and mummy of the priest Hor-Ha, the gilded sarcophagus of Mahu, statues of Amenhotep and his wife Queen Rannai, a relief of the Isi treasury and other priceless relics of world culture.

A particularly valuable exhibit is the statue of Pharaoh Amenemhet III of the Middle Kingdom era (1853 BC). Countless books and monographs are devoted to this unique work of art; scientists and tourists from all over the world come to see the statue.

The hall of art of the Ancient East houses the famous “Gold of Troy” - artifacts found by Heinrich Schliemann in the city of Troy, which was long considered an invention of Homer. These are gold jewelry, dishes, helmets, figurines.

The Antique Hall houses authentic works of ancient Greek and Roman art: bas-reliefs, sarcophagi, vases, busts, paintings, books and much more.

Video:

Another short video that was filmed for the New Year in the interiors of the Pushkin Museum:

Second largest exposition of foreign art in Russia, including ancient monuments, paintings Rembrandt, Claude Monet, Degas, Van Gogh, Picasso.
A unique collection of plaster casts with main sculptural monuments from antiquity to the Renaissance.
The largest exhibition venue, periodically offering world-class exhibitions.
Music Festival " December evenings by Svyatoslav Richter” takes place in the museum, combining music concerts with the theme of art exhibitions.
IN in the vicinity of the museum you can stroll along the neighboring streets and admire architectural masterpieces in the Russian Art Nouveau style, and visit other museums.
All important information has been translated into English, There are audio guides, it is possible to go on a guided tour.

State Museum of Fine Arts named after. A.S. Pushkin is one of the most interesting places in the capital. Here you can see the first largest collection of foreign art in Moscow and the second largest in Russia (after the Hermitage). However, the Pushkin Museum is not only a collection of monuments of Ancient Egypt or a place where you can see original paintings by the classics Rembrandt, Poussin, Canaletto and the famous impressionists and post-impressionists Claude Monet, Degas, Van Gogh, Picasso. The peculiarity of this museum is that it presents life-size plaster casts from all the major sculptural monuments of antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Thus, the museum provides an opportunity to immediately get a visual representation of sculptural masterpieces, the originals of which are scattered across galleries in different countries. The pearl of this area of the museum is the Italian courtyard - an exact copy of the courtyard of the Florentine Bargello palace. In addition, the Pushkin Museum is one of the most active venues in the city, hosting world-class temporary exhibitions. Recent events include, for example, solo exhibitions of Picasso, Turner, Caravaggio, Titian and Raphael.

Let's list the sections expositions of the Main building of the museum: Art of Ancient Egypt; Art of the Middle East (originals and replicas); Ancient Troy and the excavations of G. Schliemann (“Priam’s treasure”); Ancient art (originals and replicas); Byzantine art; Art of the Middle Ages (copy casts); Renaissance art (copy casts); Art of Germany and the Netherlands from the 15th to 16th centuries; art of Flanders and Holland of the 17th century; XVII - XVIII centuries; art of France XVII - early XIX centuries.

The museum hosts excursions, lectures, and master classes. The music festival “December Evenings of Svyatoslav Richter”, invented in 1981 by the pianist together with the long-time director of the museum Irina Antonova, has a long tradition. The festival combines the theme of art exhibitions with music concerts. The branches of the Pushkin Museum are located nearby and the Department of Personal Collections.

The Pushkin Museum is located in the very heart of Moscow, between the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. In the area of Volkhonki Street, the historical buildings of the 19th century are well preserved. Two famous Moscow streets diverge from here - Ostozhenka and Prechistenka, where many architectural masterpieces in the Russian Art Nouveau style have been preserved. The area is also home to numerous art and literary museums.

History of the museum

The history of the creation of the museum is closely connected with personality (1847 - 1913). He was a prominent historian, philologist and art critic, a professor at Moscow University, and had the high rank of Privy Councilor. Initially, Tsvetaev collected casts for the university Cabinet of Fine Arts and Antiquities. This project later grew into a plan to organize an educational museum for students studying architecture and sculpture.

In 1896, the terms of the Competition for the development of a project for the museum building were published. As a result, R. Klein's project was approved. Work on the construction of the building was carried out with the help of famous engineers I. Rerberg and V. Shukhov. Initially, the museum did not have electric lighting: the light had to enter the halls through the ceiling. The shape of the building resembles an ancient temple on a podium with a colonnade. The Ionic colonnade of the museum building has a prototype - the famous portico of the caryatids of the Erechtheion in Athens. The frieze behind the colonnade of the facade is a copy of the Parthenon frieze, and on the attic there is a relief carved with the image of the Olympic Games. The interiors of the halls are decorated in accordance with the themes of the sections. One of the brightest and most memorable examples of this solution is the Egyptian hall, the design of which uses the shapes of Egyptian columns, and the paintings reflect the motifs of ancient Egyptian painting.

In 1898, a special “Museum Organization Committee” was created to organize the museum. Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich became its chairman. Almost 80% of the budget was contributed by Yu. Nechaev-Maltsov, a major philanthropist and diplomat. In 1912, the grand opening of the Alexander III Museum of Fine Arts took place. The ceremony was attended by Emperor Nicholas II and Maria Feodorovna (widow of Emperor Alexander III).

During Soviet times, the museum's collections expanded significantly, including through the nationalization of private collections, and the museum was removed from the private jurisdiction of Moscow University. On the anniversary of the centenary of the death of the great Russian poet (1937), the museum was given the name. A specific episode in the history of the museum occurred in 1949 - 1953, when the main part of the halls was dedicated to an exhibition of gifts. Almost immediately after the death of the leader, the familiar permanent exhibition was restored and opened.

For the 100th anniversary of the Pushkin Museum in 2012, work began on creating the so-called “Museum Town”: a complex of buildings to expand the exhibition area and general functionality. The project is planned to be completed by 2019. The Main Building and Gallery are currently operating as normal, with the Personal Collections Department holding only temporary exhibitions until work is completed.

Museum collection

The collection of the Pushkin Museum includes over 670 thousand exhibits, and the exhibition area of the museum is 2600 square meters. The museum consists of several buildings. The Main Building (Volkhonka St., 12) houses collections of casts and original works of art from ancient times to the 18th century. New art is exhibited in the adjacent building of the Gallery of European and American Art of the 19th – 20th centuries. (Volkhonka st., 14). On the opposite side of the Main Building there is the Department of Personal Collections (Volkhonka St., 10) and the Museyon (Kolymazhny Lane, 6, building 2) - a unique museum, the exhibition in which is classified not according to the usual chronological order, but according to collections in which the works ended up in the museum. Special attention is paid here to the personalities of collectors.

The Center for Aesthetic Education "Museion" was opened in 2006, classes are held here in children's groups, there is a Club of Young Art Critics, and exhibitions of Museyon students are held.

As already mentioned, the first stage in the development of the museum was a collection of casts from masterpieces of sculpture, which would help students in their studies. To make plaster copies, molds made from the original monuments were used. They correspond to their actual size, which is very difficult to determine from photographs. Then, individual collections of original works of art began to be received into the museum's funds from benefactors or acquired. One of the first was the collection of V. Golenishchev. This outstanding orientalist collected an excellent collection of monuments of Ancient Egypt, which was acquired by the state and transferred to the museum in 1909 - 1911. The exhibits there date back to the 4th millennium BC. until the 4th century BC Among them are real archaeological artifacts, such as a bust of Pharaoh Amenemhat III, created in the 19th century BC, and a cosmetic spoon from the New Kingdom era.

Another early acquisition is a collection of Italian painting from the 13th to 14th centuries, donated by diplomat M. Shchekin. After

The management of the construction was entrusted to the architect R.I. Klein, who developed the final design of the building. The Moscow State University board organized a long business trip for Klein to European museums, Egypt and Greece. Klein was assisted in the construction by engineers Ivan Rerberg, the first deputy project manager, and Vladimir Shukhov, the author of the museum’s unique translucent ceilings. Dozens of young architects, engineers, and artists went through Klein's school during the construction of the museum.

The building was completed roughly in 1904. Exhibits (plaster casts and other copies) were ordered from the 1890s from foreign workshops using molds taken directly from the originals; in some cases, copies were made for the first time. On May 31 (June 13), 1912, the museum was opened to the public as the Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III at the Imperial Moscow University.

In 1923, the Museum was removed from subordination to the university. In 1932 it was renamed the State Museum of Fine Arts. In 1937, the Museum was named after Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. In 1991, the Museum was included in the State Code of Especially Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation.

The founder and first director of the Museum in 1911-1913 was Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev (1847-1913), a professor at Moscow University. Irina Aleksandrovna Antonova, academician of the Russian Academy of Arts, academician of the Russian Academy of Education, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, was the director of the museum from 1961 to July 2013, when she was appointed President of the museum. Currently the director of the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin is Marina Devovna Loshak.

Collections of the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin are presented in the museum complex of buildings.

The Museum operates the Center for Aesthetic Education of Children and Youth “Museion” (Kolymazhny Lane, 6).

Composition of the Museum's collections

Currently, the total number of monuments stored in the Pushkin Museum is about 670,000 items. These are works of painting, graphic works, sculptures, works of applied art, archaeological monuments, numismatic monuments, photographs, memorial items, items of scientific and auxiliary fund.

In 2011, the Museum’s collection was replenished with a number of significant works of painting, graphics, numismatics, and decorative and applied arts. The total number of entries is 3471 items. Of these, 787 items were purchased, 550 items were accepted as donations, and 2,134 items were accepted by decision of the Expert Fund Purchasing Commission.

The Museum's painting collection was replenished with 8 works; sculptural - one; collection of decorative and applied arts - 28 works; graphic collection - 118 works; collection of the Museum of Personal Collections - 433 works, including paintings, graphics and photographs; the numismatic collection includes 1,790 items; The Museum's collection was also replenished with a complex of archeological objects with a total of 1093 objects.

Foundation of the Pushkin Museum named after. A.S. Pushkin in 2011, a rare monument of early Netherlandish painting (16th century) was donated to the Museum: a double-sided altar door with scenes of “The Last Supper” and “Mass of St. Gregory"; The work stylistically gravitates towards the production of the workshop of the Brussels painter Colijn de Cauter.

Valentina Andrianovna Tsirnyuk donated a set of works to the Museum, among which the sculptural group “Artist and Model” by the Italian master Emilio Fiaschi (1858-1941) should be highlighted. This work is typical of salon art of the second half of the 19th century.

The collection of decorative arts also included a decorative porcelain vase of Etruscan shape with an archery scene in the Green Dog Park near Brussels, created in France in the 1830s. In terms of quality of execution, form and painting, it is very rare for Russian museum and private collections. The vase was purchased by the Museum with funds from the Russian Federation Ministry of Culture.

Another work of decorative and applied art, which entered the Museum's collection in 2011, is a bone relief with a portrait of a woman - the work of the Austrian sculptor and bone carver Norbert Michael Schrödl (1816-1890). He is known primarily as the author of portraits of members of the imperial family and prominent contemporaries, created using the technique of ivory carving. Based on a number of signs, it can be assumed that the image on this item is a portrait of the Empress of Austria and Queen Elizabeth of Hungary (1837-1898). The art of carved bone of the 19th century is represented in the museum collection only by individual examples, and therefore this item occupies an important place in it.

The Museum's graphic collection includes 25 works of German graphics, including works by Lucas Cranach, Urs Graf, Hans Beham, Hans Burgkmeyer and other masters of the era of Albrecht Dürer, which are of undoubted value for the Pushkin Museum's collection.

Of great value is the collection acquired by the Museum, consisting of 721 oriental coins, of which 33 are silver and 688 bronze. The collection was collected in Turkmenistan and includes coins that circulated in the Merv oasis from the 3rd century BC. until the end of the 19th century. It is unique because it includes rare coins from antiquity and the early Middle Ages, as well as examples of little-known issues of Merv mintage. The collection was accepted for temporary storage back in December 2000 and, after much careful work by Russian specialists, finally entered the Museum’s collection.

Pushkin Museum (Moscow, Russia) - exhibitions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.

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Using the exhibitions of the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkin, you can easily study the entire history of world art, from ancient times to modern times. The exhibition halls of the museum contain a rich collection of originals and copies of ancient mummies, antique statues, paintings by Rubens and Picasso, life-size equestrian statues of ancient weapons and much, much more.

The Pushkin Museum of Art is also a popular venue for temporary exhibitions, both Russian and foreign. In 2012, the museum turned 100 years old, and on this occasion it was thoroughly restored, so that it now hosts a wide variety of cultural events on its territory even more actively than before.