Rural library today analysis of activity patterns. The role and place of the rural library in the life of a modern village

The significance of the library: a modern perspective. Functions and tasks of a modern rural library. Practical aspects of a rural library using the example of a library in the village. Characteristics of the features of a rural library.

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PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1

Coursework in the discipline “Library Science”

on the topic: “Rural library in modern conditions”

2015

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….......3

Chapter 1. Theoretical foundations of the functioning of libraries.................................5

The significance of the library: a modern perspective……………………..5
1. Functions and tasks of a modern rural library……………...13

Chapter 2. Practical aspects of a rural library using the example of a library in the village of ХХХХХХХХ ……………………………………………...…………………....19

2.1. Characteristics of the features of a rural library…………………19

2.2. Implementation of functions and tasks by a rural library………………….23

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………..33

References…………………………………………………………………………………35

INTRODUCTION

One of the most important sections of general library science is the study of the library. This is explained by the fact that the library is the main, central institution, the totality of which forms a more complex system called librarianship. Its study allows us to gain an understanding not only of the library itself as a key production unit of the system of library services to the population, but also of librarianship - a developed system complex formed by libraries of different types and types.

Regular library services to the rural population of Russia began in the mid-19th century, although the need for books and access to them through the bookselling network, subscriptions to magazines and newspapers, secular schools and Sunday schools, which were organized, for example, by the “Society for Promoting the Dissemination of Public Education” noted by researchers much earlier.

The emergence of rural libraries was, first of all, a consequence of the development of school education in rural areas, since, as a rule, the first libraries were created either at schools, or by educated people (often by teachers), or at the expense of educated people. The Russian Ministry of Public Education of that time played a huge role in creating a network of rural libraries.

In addition, the creation of libraries in rural areas was a logical continuation of the development processes of librarianship that were unfolding in cities at that time.

Relevance. The ongoing social transformations affect libraries so decisively that they change not only the entire system of library work and library resources, but also for the first time raise the question of the “boundaries” of library space and the very foundations of the existence of traditional libraries and their functions.

The change in the role and purpose of libraries is reflected in the relationship of the library with society and individual social institutions, leading to the transformation of professional values of library ethics, the professional consciousness of the library community.

Thus, the topic of the rural library implementing its functions and tasks is undoubtedly relevant.

Object of study: functioning of libraries in modern conditions.

Subject of study:rural library.

Purpose of the course work:analysis of the activities of a rural library in modern conditions using the example of a library in the village. XXXXXXXXX.

To achieve this goal, a number of solutions are required tasks:

Studying literature, scientific publications and methodological materials on the research topic;
Determining the importance of libraries in the modern space;
Consideration of the functions and tasks of the library;
Analysis of the practical aspects of a modern rural library;
Identification of the functions and tasks of the library in the village of XXXXXXX;
Conclusions on the research topic.

Research methods:theoretical, general scientific, sociological.

The degree of knowledge of the topic.The evolution of the main areas of activity, the state, trends and prospects for the development of rural libraries are studied by Yu.P. Melentyeva, N.P. Lysikova, I. Gladkova, N. Ivanova. Methodological material and practical aspects are presented in professional publications “Library”, “Biblio-field”, “School Library”, etc.

Work structure:course work consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion and a list of references.

CHAPTER 1. THEORETICAL BASIS OF LIBRARY OPERATION

The significance of the library: a modern perspective

Librarianship is an area of professional work, the purpose of which is to satisfy the information needs of society with the help of information resources concentrated in the library, as well as a set of libraries operating in a particular territory.

In the legal sense, librarianship is understood as a branch of information, cultural, educational and educational activities of citizens and their associations, the tasks of which are the creation and development of a network of libraries, the formation and processing of their collections, the organization of library, information and reference bibliographic services to library users, personnel training , scientific and methodological support for the development of libraries. The main social goals of librarianship are the preservation and transmission of the abilities or achievements of mankind, reflected in the documentary information flow.

According to the Federal Law on Librarianship (dated December 29, 1994 No. 78-FZ):

Any legal entity or individual has the right to create a library on the territory of the Russian Federation in accordance with current legislation.
Citizens have the right to take part in the activities of trustees, reading councils or other associations of readers created in agreement with the heads of libraries or their founders.
Library workers have the right to create public associations in order to promote the development of library services, professional consolidation, and protect their social and professional rights.

Librarianship is one of the typical forms of human activity, therefore three fundamental constituent elements can be distinguished in it:

Subject of work publication;
The subject of labor is the reader and consumer;
Labor intermediary librarian.

Library activity is determined by the movement and development of library resources, i.e., a set of parameters characterizing the ability of librarianship to solve modern and future problems of meeting public and individual needs for documentary information. The following main characteristics of library resources can be distinguished:

provision of libraries of various types and types, the level of their functioning as an integral library system;
provision of library collections (volume, sectoral, thematic, standard, type, language, etc. composition of literature, its compliance with the information needs of society);
availability of personnel (total number, educational and qualification composition, length of service, etc.);
material and technical equipment (buildings, equipment, mechanization, automation of library processes).

Library resources define the relationships libraries have with each other in creating services and products that satisfy information needs. Only within the framework of certain intra- and interlibrary relationships and connections is the functioning of librarianship possible. Thus, librarianship is nothing more than the interaction of library resources and library relationships.

The library is one of the oldest cultural institutions. Over the long period of human history, its social functions have undergone significant changes. The purpose of the first libraries was to store documents. From the time of its inception to the present day, the library has gone through the first stage of the evolution of its public mission: from serving the needs of the ruling elite to meeting public needs. The library has become a social institution, including informational and cultural components and ensuring the sustainability of connections and relationships within society.

Information today is considered by many to be of special value. There is even a point of view that it is turning into a real productive force. A new term has appeared to denote the current level of development of society - information civilization or information society. An active proponent of this approach to understanding modern society is, in particular, Ya.L. Schreiber. He believes that information technologies are beginning to dominate society and its economy, becoming basic, and the level of their development determines the level of development of the country as a whole.

The role of libraries in this process is that of an intermediary, transmitting information from producers to consumers. It is difficult to say to what extent most libraries in our country have already mastered this role. But it is important to note that most libraries, both municipal and departmental (not to mention federal or national) claim precisely this role in the modern world.

However, there is another opinion. So, G.P. Fonotov believes that the demand for libraries today is determined not by the fact that they have turned or are turning into information centers, but by the fact that they are humanitarian institutions, “the social function of which is active participation in the education and upbringing of a person, his intellectual and practical activities, the development of science and arts, their mutual enrichment, ensuring the rights of the individual to use spiritual values, strengthening his physical and spiritual health.” The library activity program proposed by Fonotov is quite extensive, but he does not reject information activity itself, but does not consider it as the main function of libraries. In his opinion, a library collects and stores sources of knowledge, not information, therefore information is not a goal, but a means of transmitting knowledge.

A.I. Ostapov and A.L. Goncharov identifies three paradigms of librarianship, presented by different authors:

structural-functional: the library represents a “documentary resource”, not an information one;
cognitive: the subject of librarians’ work “knowledge”;
informational.

Thus, the range of opinions about what the role of libraries is in the modern world is quite wide. There is very great interest in this problem, as evidenced by the huge number of articles and other published works on this topic. Most authors speak specifically about the information function of libraries as the most modern and in demand. But this cannot be said to be undeniable.

Today, a paradoxical situation has arisen in the relationship between the library, its employees and readers: libraries, primarily due to their financial insolvency, have been unable to keep up with the release of new books and adapt to the changing interests and needs of readers.

This was revealed not only in the acquisition of collections, not only in the quality of services provided by libraries, but also in the stereotypes of thinking and behavior of library workers. Private (personal) libraries, most likely, have grown, if at all, only slightly, but now they have begun to be selected by the owners more purposefully, of better quality; people no longer buy everything, which is a shortage, but prefer to buy only what really interests them. Moreover, books have become quite expensive. Thus, specialized personal and departmental (for example, institute) libraries have become a real competitor to public libraries.

Due to these and some other reasons (which should be revealed in the course of a special sociological study), the opposition “librarian reader” acquired the character of a hidden conflict.

This conflict is expressed in the following points:

“the reader is always wrong” in relations with the library: the rules for using library services are set by the library, without taking into account the interests of the reader;
readers “in revenge” try not to notice the librarian as a person - they see in them only a function of a blind force called the “library system”;
the library itself is viewed explicitly or implicitly by readers as a strictly functional system, and not a place for normal work, i.e. the main, if not the only, responsibility of the library is to provide books (or, if you like, information) for solving certain problems, nothing more; everything else is seen as an appendage, not very necessary, to this main function;
on the part of library workers, the content of their attitude towards readers is distrust; in turn, the reader's attitude towards librarians is characterized by contempt or disdain; both of these result in irritation in everyday life;
a fundamental misunderstanding between librarians and readers of each other: each of them is engaged in their own business, but they are forced to do this for reasons unknown to the parties in the same territory. But these two things differ in content - librarians see their main task in collecting and storing books, and readers see their main task in receiving and processing information (books as carriers of this information turn out to be only a random form).

The time has long come for a fundamentally new approach to the work of libraries. What today we have come to call the new concept of “open access” is a long-forgotten old one. Another classic of library science, S. Ranganathan, said that the first law of library activity is the principle of “Books for use.” Those. Library collections should not become huge repositories of book archives, access to which is very limited, but should turn into an instrument of society that can quickly provide users with all the necessary information in the form of books and other documents.

Hence, a different role for the librarian: from a book keeper, he must turn into a specialist capable of assessing the psychology of each reader, understanding his interests, and being able to maintain dialogic communication with him about books and their search, i.e. he should become something like an office manager, focused on the reader, and not on routine library affairs. Moreover, this work has an individualized focus.

The focus of libraries on individual consumption of the information services they provide should be expressed not only in the psychological restructuring of librarians, but also in the very organization of the work of libraries. Some objective factors make the librarian’s profession a caste, as if cut off from the rest of the world (which, by the way, has long been characteristic of library activities, since it was mainly the lot of monasteries, churches and, accordingly, their servants - the keepers of books).

The transition to information services for a library implies a radical change in a number of its functions; completely different relationships arise between the user and the library, which essentially consist in a purchase and sale relationship, i.e. ones that didn't exist before.

Indeed, any printing of texts by the library is a paid library service. Therefore, it can turn into some kind of bookstore or archive, which significantly changes the psychology of the librarian. And although these services are in great demand today from different categories of reader-users, one of the components of the library’s activity as a cultural center is being lost - the share of communication between readers and librarians is decreasing.

Various cultural events previously held by libraries on a fairly large scale are becoming difficult to implement. In the near future, the practice of remote access to libraries via the Internet may become widespread, which some large libraries are already doing.

Therefore, many library specialists say that libraries should strive to avoid excessive commercialization, not focusing only on profit. They must ensure that their services are accessible to everyone, i.e. they must fulfill their function as a social institution that promotes social justice and equal opportunity for users.

When broadcasting information, libraries are increasingly faced with the need to analyze the content of the sources available in the library. For example, the Internet, whose services are now offered by libraries, contains a lot of information, poorly selected and almost not systematized. Its use requires high qualifications from the consumer, which he does not always possess. Therefore, library workers themselves are required to have appropriate training and skills in selecting and pre-systematizing information from the Internet.

To a large extent, this also applies to information on paper: its volume and speed of updating have also increased significantly and will apparently continue to grow. Thus, taking on the role of an information center, libraries are forced to take on the responsibility of preliminary filtering, systematization and comprehension of the transmitted information. What librarianship researchers have now come to call “knowledge organization.”

The current situation in connection with the change in the role (or rather, different roles) of libraries indicates that they find themselves at a crossroads - a clear contradiction has arisen between the need to provide traditional services and the emerging need to fit into the information flows of modern society.

Without its basic functions, a library may simply cease to be a library, i.e. that specific social institution whose role in society cannot be replaced by anything. It should be taken into account that the passion for computerization and information technology leads to a lag in the development of traditional library services - to be the custodian and transmitter of knowledge captured on paper and other media.

It seems that it is the knowledge strategy that should underlie the activities of libraries today, because it is the transfer of knowledge, and not information as such, that has always made the library the spiritual center of any civilization. After all, information differs from knowledge in that it is what knowledge turns into as a result of formalization with the help of various technical means and intellectual procedures. Figuratively, we can say that if beef is knowledge, then information is stew, canned food from this beef. There is probably no need to explain the difference between one and the other to anyone.

The main motive for turning to library resources, as follows from a number of sociological studies, is today the needs of education. Therefore, information in its “pure” form is rarely in demand.

So, the role of libraries today is twofold - on the one hand, they retain their mission as a custodian and transmitter of knowledge, a spiritual center; on the other hand, they partly turn into information providers. In the first case, they perform their functions free of charge, in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Librarianship”; in the second case, they strive to earn money by providing information services to consumers, but they lose their image as a special social institution working for the sake of culture, not profit .

Today, librarianship has lost those lofty slogans under the shadow of which it developed during the struggle for communism. Market ideology was alien to the consciousness of librarians, and it remained unaccepted by them. This is quite natural, because, as said, librarians are accustomed to seeing the highest value in their work, viewing it as a cultural mission, as serving an idea, and not as a means of making money.

But the mission is what it is, nothing can be changed about it in principle, and even the difficulties associated with it (in particular, lack of finances, authoritarian leadership) are perceived as inevitable and even necessary: they only emphasize the significance of the mission itself.

Functions and tasks of a rural library

A modern library can rightfully be defined as an integrative social institution, including information and cultural components. Its mission is dictated by strengthening the importance of information and knowledge as a catalyst for social development. It has several aspects:

promoting the circulation and development of the knowledge accumulated by humanity by ensuring free access to it;
preserving documented knowledge as a public domain.

The functions of a modern library are memorial, communication, information, educational, socializing and cultural.

The memorial function is the generic function of the library. By collecting and preserving documentary sources, the library is the embodiment of the “memory of humanity”, serves as a guarantor of the emergence of new qualities of social memory, and ensures the sustainability of public life. It preserves knowledge and culture in the most convenient form for perception, dissemination and use. By storing electronic documents, the library becomes a basic structural component of a virtual environment that is stable, uniquely identified, and provides legal regulation regarding the provided access to information resources. Carrying out systematization, storage and dissemination of cultural heritage, the library organizes navigation in the world of culture, in the world of information and knowledge.

A modern library not only takes care of the safety of documents, but also provides access to them by creating metadata, exhibiting its collections, and transferring stored documented knowledge to other formats and other media.

As part of its communication function, the library organizes human interaction with the social memory of all humanity, transferring to it for use all the public cultural property accumulated by civilization. The library is included in a complex system of social communication, creating opportunities for members of society to satisfy their needs for information and knowledge.

The desire of a modern library to provide equal and free access to socially significant information and knowledge lies in its information function and contributes to the establishment of social justice and the reduction of social tension in society. Increasing the availability of information increases the role of libraries as a stabilizing social factor, ensuring social security, social sustainability of social development, equalizing the possibilities for the production and consumption of information of different categories of the population.

Technical and technological modernization has ensured the strengthening of the information function of a modern library. It becomes a full-fledged subject of the information space, creating the basis for many modern information and knowledge processes. The peculiarity of the information function of a modern library is that it is implemented by it in close interaction with other subjects of the information process, using various channels of information dissemination.

The modern library destroys its physical boundaries and moves from real space to virtual space. On the one hand, it offers access to information resources belonging to other subjects of the information space, including those represented on the Internet. On the other hand, it creates electronic information resources accessible beyond its physical walls and provides virtual services for searching for information and necessary knowledge.

By developing cognitive activity, the library turns into one of the most productive and widespread knowledge management systems. It provides ample opportunities to access collective memory, removing the opposition between external and internal knowledge, and creates special “meta-tools” with the help of which it manages bodies of knowledge. By systematizing knowledge, highlighting its fragmented and global levels, the library ensures objectivity and depth of knowledge of the surrounding world.

A modern library is involved in the educational process both in a broad sense (transmitting cultural norms and values to current and future generations) and in a narrow sense (providing information support for an individual’s education). By ensuring the unity of general (general cultural) and special (professional) education, the library contributes to the formation of a socially competent, information literate person, and becomes the main basis for lifelong education and self-education. Performing an educational function, the library remains one of the universal ways of knowledge.

Being an integral and organic part of culture, acting as the greatest value of universal human culture, it represents one of the most important factors in cultural development, dissemination, renewal and enhancement of the cultural heritage of countries and peoples, ensuring the continuity of world cultural heritage. The cultural function of the modern library is enhanced by the desire of every person and every community to self-identify and promote their own culture.

By implementing a socializing function, the library ensures the inclusion of a particular person in culture, promotes his sociocultural identification, and helps the individual to reveal his creative potential.

Its cognitive function reflects participation in the processes of knowledge management and the production of new knowledge. It involves the activities of a modern library in structuring and systematizing integrated knowledge (especially in a network electronic environment), as well as its processing and synthesis.

The most important tasks of libraries in the modern world are increasingly formulated as providing free and unrestricted access to information and preserving its sources, and the librarian is increasingly called not a custodian and promoter of books, but an information specialist, a navigator in an ocean of information that doubles quantitatively every five years.

The objectives of a modern library can be expressed as follows:

“Information and documentary support for the educational process of the institution and self-education of children, teachers and other categories of readers.

Formation of information and bibliographic culture of schoolchildren through training in the use of books and other media, search, selection and critical evaluation of information.

Improving traditional and non-traditional forms of individual and mass work.

Increasing the level of library and information-bibliographic services for schoolchildren and teachers;

Achieving a “reading standard”, i.e. that level of reading competence and reading development of children and adolescents that is necessary for the health of the nation, ensuring its intellectual, moral and aesthetic development;

Ensuring the openness of the library to all children and adolescents, maintaining equal rights and opportunities for children and adolescents of all social classes with different intellectual and physical abilities;

Creating conditions conducive to teaching children and adolescents the basics of information, information and communication literacy;

Ensuring access for users children and adolescents to objective and comprehensive information about the world in an accessible and safe form for them”;

“Mutual enrichment of traditional book culture and new “electronic”;

Ensuring information security and humanistic orientation of electronic products available to children and adolescents;

Development of communication between users, nurturing a culture of communication;

Development of the recreational and rehabilitation potential of the library, the possibilities of bibliotherapy and art therapy, creativity therapy;

Formation, organization, ensuring the safety and efficient use of the library collection of universal content.”

Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn from the first chapter.

A library service (in its tangible and intangible forms) can be considered as a commodity that has value, and at the same time as an intermediary for the exchange of social experience between readers and library specialists, with the second aspect prevailing over the first due to the social orientation of library activities. It is the social orientation that forms the criteria for the quality and efficiency of library services, maintenance, and also determines the features of distribution relations in the field of library services - they are manifested in the paid, preferential and free of charge of their consumption.

Problems of libraries and library services this is a problem of public awareness, access to new ideas and knowledge, especially necessary today in order to adapt to new social conditions, re-find oneself and one’s place in life, and be competitive.

A characteristic feature of the modern library system is the ever-increasing gap between information-poor and information-rich libraries. There is a direct relationship between the number of people served by the library and the overall level of socio-economic, cultural and spiritual development of the region and its resource capabilities. The greater the resource (information) potential of a library, the more in demand it is, and the higher the cultural, educational, and intellectual level of the population.

CHAPTER 2. PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF RURAL LIBRARY BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE LIBRARY IN THE VILLAGE XXXXXXXXXXX

2.1. Characteristics of the features of a rural library

A significant part of villagers today live in an environment of information deficiency. At the same time, there is an increase in the reading activity of rural residents, associated primarily with the emergence of new professions and new technologies, which are inevitable in rural areas. The information demands of villagers have, to a certain extent, become equal to the needs of urban residents. Their novelty and diversity are noted: problems of land legislation, taxation, lending, issues of price and investment policy, the introduction of new effective technologies, the sale of agricultural products, and the management of personal subsidiary plots.

Nowadays, the need for reliable, complete and timely legal information is greater than ever before. People need it in order to make an optimal decision in a certain life situation that does not contradict the law, to fully realize or protect their rights. In connection with the letter of the President “On the organization in municipal libraries of the collection, storage and provision of information on local government issues for use” (1997), library centers for municipal and legal information have become widespread in various regions of the country.

Despite the different capabilities, the task of every rural library is to become a reliable source of municipal legal information. Independently resolving issues of the life of a municipality, local authorities issue management acts that are binding on all institutions, organizations, enterprises, officials and citizens located on its territory. Based on the Law, all official documents (charters of municipalities, resolutions, orders, decisions) must be transferred by both district and rural administrations to the district library. Providing the population with legal information at the federal and regional levels is achieved through compulsory subscription of rural libraries to national and regional full-format newspapers (Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Trud, etc.).

Information support for entrepreneurship in rural areas is one of the important areas of activity of rural libraries, allowing them to actively promote the economic development of their territory. It is farmers and private entrepreneurs who often need ready-to-use information containing specific recommendations and advice, factual data of a business, commercial and financial nature.

Many farm managers are interested in collective information, therefore, by concluding agreements for information services, rural libraries work with agricultural production cooperatives, farms, veterinary stations and other agricultural enterprises. In a number of regions, a system of individual information services for agricultural specialists remains in demand: agronomist, livestock specialist, head of machine and tractor workshops, economist.

Rural business is not only production, household services and trade, taxes on which should become the basis of the rural economy, but also personal subsidiary plots, which today produce 98.6% of potatoes, 88.9% of vegetables and more than half of livestock products in the region. For villagers, subsistence farming is a good and sometimes the only way to earn money. Libraries can help them with this by providing information services on the economics of homestead and household economics, and homestead life. The library clubs “Host” and “Income”, operating in many areas, have proven their viability.

In the context of the rapid process of updating knowledge, the library becomes a center of knowledge in the broad sense of the word. Many public figures, scientists, and writers in Russia talk about the emergence of secondary illiteracy in the country and a decline in interest in reading. Libraries have a greater responsibility for promoting reading and developing the imagination and creativity of children and young people. Considering that the network of preschool institutions, especially kindergartens, in rural areas has been greatly reduced, libraries are called upon to provide even the youngest readers who are learning their letters with everything necessary for their spiritual development.

Rural libraries have accumulated considerable experience in this traditional area. The role of libraries in information support of education has increased, the demand for literature to help master the educational process has increased, and serious changes have occurred in the school curriculum.

In recent years, at the initiative of local authorities in a number of areas, rural and school libraries have merged. However, despite the commonality in their work, these libraries have fundamental differences. If the school library, first of all, should ensure the educational process of the school, then the rural library is called upon to develop the desire for self-education, self-education, and the organization of good leisure time. In addition, rural libraries provide the educational process not only for youth and schoolchildren, but also for adults, since there is a constant need to improve their skills or learn a new profession due to the threat of unemployment. Not only the functions differ, but also the resources and operating mode of these libraries.

Performing a memorial function is one of the important tasks of rural libraries. Most of all, it is manifested in the creation of chronicles of villages, biographical descriptions of local attractions, the history of individual families, famous figures and educators, and the most significant events. Local history corners and mini-museums created in libraries allow residents and readers to awaken a deep interest in the history of the village, respect for fellow villagers who glorified it through military and labor achievements, and to preserve and enhance cultural traditions.

Rural libraries perform such important social functions as promoting creative self-realization of people, expanding the range of interests and cultural needs of rural residents, and improving the moral climate by directly participating in the life of the local community. Due to the decline in agricultural production in the last decade, social problems have sharply worsened: unemployment, low living standards of the population due to low wages (in agriculture it is 60% of the subsistence level). Libraries have become centers for psychological support and social rehabilitation of various groups of the population: the disabled, the unemployed, participants in local wars, elderly and illiterate people, difficult-to-educate teenagers, members of large, single-parent and dysfunctional families, children in orphanages and boarding schools. They work on socially significant programs: “Mercy”, “Family. Women. Children", "Healthy lifestyle". In order to revive the traditions of family reading in the regions, specialized family reading libraries are being created on the basis of rural libraries.

In recent years, cooperation between libraries and employment services has developed. By providing assistance to a person who finds himself in a difficult life situation, libraries thereby reduce social tension in the area. This role of the library especially increases in remote villages, where it is not possible to create specialized social support services for the population.

The possibilities for high-quality performance of information and educational functions largely depend on the main resource - library collections. The word “fund” translated from Latin means “essence,” so it is understandable that without a quality fund, a library is deprived of its essence.

A library can provide high-quality information support for the development of its territory only in close cooperation with local governments.

Rural libraries solve the problem of acquiring collections and improving service to readers by seeking additional funding. One of the solutions is participation in programs and competitions for grants announced by Russian and international foundations and centers. An effective way to attract extra-budgetary funds holding charity events. Today, in many villages, campaigns “New books for children!” are held.

Thus, only understanding of its role in the new socio-economic conditions and tactics of creative interaction with local governments, with local organizations and enterprises, with representatives of the local community will allow the rural library to actively provide information support for the development of its territory, play the role of an intellectual center of the village, and take care of about the younger generation.

2.2 Implementation of functions and tasks by a rural library

The products and services provided by the library are characterized not only by themselves, but also in interaction with other institutions, such as the central library, district administration, employment center, social protection authorities, etc.

Since 2009, the library in the village. XXXXXXX began working on a program of interaction with rural institutions. The program was developed by the central library and aimed at cooperation of rural and township libraries of the region with the committee for social protection of the population, the village women's council, the department for social protection of the population for the prevention of child neglect, the state road safety inspection, educational institutions, first aid stations and the employment center XXXXXXXXX district.

When drawing up a plan for the year, librarians included program items in their work plan, during the year they analyzed successful and failed activities, difficulties and achievements in working with partners, and made adjustments.

Libraries of the XXXXXXX district choose work within the framework of the “Family” program as a priority. Women. Children”, collaborating with the women’s council and the committee for social protection of the population.

The survey “Book in your home: yesterday, today, tomorrow” showed the following results:

Mostly, the questionnaires were filled out by mothers (15 people), only 2 grandmothers took part in the survey and not one father. Consequently, women visit the library more often, and the activities of librarians to attract fathers to the library are not developed.

The average age of children of parents who participated in the survey is 10-12 years old, the so-called “transitional” age, when the problem of “fathers and children” is most acute. And three mothers did not indicate the age of their child. This may be caused either by the inattention of parents, or by the respondents not being entirely responsible in filling out the questionnaire.

The children of the respondents are enrolled in both the rural (6 people) and school (10 people) libraries. This suggests that children need information and enjoy visiting libraries. Two mothers did not indicate whether their child was registered in the library or not, which shows that parents do not pay enough attention to the interests of their children.

The average age of parents when they started reading was 7 years. It follows from this that they became familiar with books at school, after they learned to read. The credit goes to their teacher for this.

The average age of children when they started reading is 6 years. Moreover, girls are 5-6 years old, and boys are 6-7 years old. From this we can conclude that girls at an earlier age strive to understand the world around them and that parents worked with their children from preschool age and prepared them for school. Only two respondents do not know at what age they and their children started reading, which also indicates a lack of parents’ attention to the child’s development.

To the question “What book aroused your interest in reading?” parents named fairy tales (4 people), the textbook “Native Speech”, “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish” by A. S. Pushkin, “Dreamers” by N. Nosov, “Chuk and Gek” by A. Gaidar, “Scarlet Sails” by A. Greena. and etc.

To the question “Which book aroused your child’s interest in reading?”, the answers were as follows: “Primer” (3 people), fairy tales (6 people), textbook “Native Speech” (4 people). In this regard, it can be assumed that parents aroused their children’s interest in reading with the same books that left positive emotions in them since childhood. Two respondents were unable to answer these questions, one answered “I don’t remember.”

The most popular books in my parents’ childhood were “Timur and His Team” by A. Gaidar (3 people), “Dinka” by V. Oseev, “Scarlet Sails” by A. Green, “White Bim Black Ear” by G. Troepolsky, “The Fourth Height "Ilyin, "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish" by A. S. Pushkin. The books named by parents are devoted to the theme of goodness, morality, and hard work. Two people could not remember the popular books of their childhood.

To the question “Whose advice did you listen to when choosing books as a child?” the most popular answer was the “librarian” (9 people), in second place were the advice of friends (5 people), 3 people listened to the advice of other people. and one took the books on which the films were made. The first place given by respondents to the librarian gives the right to talk about the professionalism of the librarian, who for the respondents was not an authoritarian keeper of books, but a benevolent “owner” of the book house, a friend, an assistant in choosing books, who introduced goodness and justice.

Parents would like to order a book for their child: educational; bright, colorful about animals; moral themes; about relationships between peers, that is, books on a topic that they themselves read about and which is so relevant now. And only one mother named the specific name “Vasen Trubachev and his comrades.”

14 respondents read their favorite books aloud with their children, one does not read, and one compulsorily does so, that is, all parents try to find common interests with their children through joint reading and discussion of books.

All respondents have books at home, many for children and adults (7 people), mostly books for adults (2 people), mostly children's books (3 people), only encyclopedias (1 person), One person subscribes to children's magazines. Despite financial difficulties, parents try to allocate funds from the family budget to purchase books for children.

9 people from among those surveyed are interested in what their child reads, “sometimes” 1 person, not at all interested in their child’s reading 1 person, the rest found it difficult to answer. These figures indicate the desire of parents to know what literature their child is reading and what he is interested in.

The majority of respondents consider reading a necessary part of life, 4 people. consider reading a necessary part of study, “reading is entertainment,” this opinion was expressed by 4 people. and 3 people considers this a way to obtain the necessary information. It is gratifying that none of the respondents consider reading to be a waste of time, although this answer was suggested.

To the question “What 5 books would you take to a desert island?” the following responses were received: M. Mitchell “Gone with the Wind” (2 people); Dumas “The Count of Montecristo”, “The Three Musketeers” (2 people); Guntekin “Songbird”; Mokkalots “The Thorn Birds”; Cherkasov “Hop”; Egorov “You are a salty earth”; Sholokhov “Quiet Don”; G. Troepolsky “White Bim Black Ear”; London "White Fang", "Stories"; different (3 people). The presented works, although different at first glance, are united by the fact that their themes are not much different from childhood books. These works are about morality, love, devotion, and the harsh truths of life.

An analysis of the survey results showed that parents are trying to introduce their children to family reading, with the exception of two, but are experiencing difficulties due to a lack of knowledge in pedagogy and child psychology, as well as ways to influence children’s reading. Therefore, librarians need to develop a program for working with both parents and children on family reading, using various forms and methods of library activities. In addition, it is necessary to coordinate the work with teachers, a psychologist and the school librarian.

It is necessary to carry out targeted work with parents who show a passive interest in reading and their children’s hobbies.

The main directions of work of rural libraries with the committee for the protection of the population within the framework of the “Library in Rural Life” program.

Recently, public libraries are increasingly perceived as social centers. This is due to the fact that most of the population feels insecure in a social sense; many live in conditions of not only material, but also moral, ideological, spiritual, and cultural deficits. The task of humanizing library services becomes extremely urgent, especially when it comes to the use of the library by readers of a special category.

The interaction of the library with social institutions contributes to the expansion of functions.

In close cooperation, the libraries of the XXXXXXX district work with the social protection committee of the administration of the XXXXXXX district. The social protection department of the XXXXX district administration was created in 1993, and in 2001 the department was transformed into the social protection committee of the administration.

The committee consists of three departments:

Subsidies Department;

department of benefits and other social payments;

Department of Social Work with the Population.

The XXXXXXX district administration committee for social protection of the population is a structural unit of the district administration, implementing, within its competence, state policy in the field of population protection. It provides state support for the region's low-income population, elderly citizens and people with disabilities, the development of a system of social institutions and services, and the implementation of state policy in the field of social protection.

The committee carries out its activities in cooperation with committees of the district administration and the district Council of People's Deputies, administrations of village councils, entrepreneurs, institutions and organizations, public associations, including non-governmental ones.

Thanks to cooperation with the department for social protection of the population, libraries clarify lists of families at social risk in their village, organize events to support families in difficult life situations, including the “Get Children to School” campaign, implement social projects, organize educational recreation for children in vacation period.

The library actively cooperates with schools. The importance of this direction can hardly be overestimated. The library is the foundation of culture. The culture of both society as a whole and each individual is based on this basis. Many researchers argue that a book forms a spiritual, educational and socially valuable personality. The attention of libraries to children and adolescents determines the future of the region, city, district.

For children and adolescents, the library is considered as a source of acquiring knowledge necessary for obtaining an education and mastering a profession, as a place of communication with peers, and as an opportunity to receive help from a friendly librarian in solving life problems.

The work of the library should be closely related to the activities of the school. For several years, libraries have been working to help the educational process within the framework of the “Library and School: Ways of Further Cooperation” program.

Literature to help the school curriculum is separated into separate shelves and arranged by subject.

Information work is being carried out to help the school program. Information lists of literature and reviews of new books “New Literature to Help the Pedagogical Process” are published for teachers.

Makes it easier for teachers to write essays, reports, etc. which children can write based on books from rural libraries, including books received through the mega projects “Pushkin Library” and “Yeltsin Library”. In the branches, viewing exhibitions, thematic selections, exhibitions of industry and reference literature were organized for children and teachers. After the new arrival of books under the mega project, book lending in the village library increased by 150 units. The new books that arrived were all read several times.

To help the school curriculum, book exhibitions were organized: “On the Planet of Knowledge”, “The World of Wildlife”, “At the Turn of the Century”, “I Explore the World”.

Various forms were used in working with exhibitions: reviews, conversations, knowledge festivals, literary and educational games, etc.

Together with primary school teachers and literature teachers, the librarian organizes events on the creativity of writers as part of the “Writers for Children” program. This allows children to get acquainted with the writer’s work, his works in a playful way, learn a lot of interesting things and receive a prize for their knowledge.

The librarian holds such events with children in primary school during Children's and Youth Book Week.

During the book week, the following exhibitions “The World of I. Tokmakova” were created; "Dreamland"; “Books of anniversaries: V. Suteev” Who said “Meow?” and S. Mikhalkov “Uncle Styopa”; “Creativity of T. Alexandrova” and others.

It has also become traditional to hold joint methodological associations of teachers of the Russian language, literature, and history, where the library introduces teachers to the latest literature to help their work, with methodological recommendations, and conducts presentations of its own publications.

The transition to market relations in the sphere of labor and employment in the context of structural restructuring of the economy has led to the emergence of a fundamentally new situation in social and labor relations. This situation turned out to be especially difficult and painful for young people, who, due to the specific socio-psychological characteristics, are not sufficiently prepared for the modern realities of the labor market.

The conscious formation of material incentives to work is observed among 16-17 year old young people. This is due to the expansion of their material and spiritual needs, as well as the continuing process of socialization. At the same age, an active search and choice of the type of future professional activity occurs. The success of this choice depends on how widely a teenager can familiarize himself with the world of professions and specialties, how realistic his ideas about his own future work activity are. In relation to this group of young people, work on vocational guidance and counseling comes to the fore, and the result is the choice of profession.

The employment service and the library perform the function of socialization of the individual that is necessary for society, and one of its directions is vocational guidance.

In order to identify the interests and inclinations of her high school students, the head of the library first of all conducted a survey “Who would you like to become?”, “Do you like...”

Based on the results of the questionnaire, thematic shelves were designed, and then the permanent exhibition “The World and We are in It”, consisting of sections: “Where to go to study”, “In the world of professions”, where the literature changed depending on the profession that was presented: “Teacher” - sounds proud”, “A machine operator is the main profession in the village”, “Technology around us” and others.

This exhibition was an integral part of the author’s program “Man in the World of Professions”.

During the program, the exhibition was supplemented by selections of books from the central library’s unified collection, information sheets issued by the methodological department and the service department of the central regional library in the series “Your roads, graduate.” A reference guide “Where to go to study” was purchased for the library fund.

Literature reviews were systematically carried out in sections of the exhibition: “For those who love to craft”, “We sew”, “We cook very tasty”; conversations “These are not men's men's professions”, “For those who choose the military profession” and others.

To help you choose a profession, the library has compiled a card index “About professions, production and working people” with sections “Where to go to study”, “In the world of professions”, “Creative matters”: about people and their professions. When working with the card index, the interests of users, the needs of the economy for personnel were taken into account, and information about currently in-demand professions was selected. A recommended list of literature “Where to go to study” has also been prepared.

The rural library is the only information center for students, teachers, farm workers, pensioners and local government officials.

The functions of a rural library include creating a collection of documents from local governments and organizing free access to them.

Not all villages and towns in the district have an agreement on the transfer of all published and “unpublished” documents approved by the heads of local administrations. This represents one of the problems of providing complete information on local government issues.

Free access to regulatory documents increases the awareness of readers and promotes the establishment of contacts between village residents and their authorities.

Cooperation between the library and the department for social protection of the population on the prevention of child neglect, and with the state road safety inspection has been established. In addition to individual work with children at risk, the librarian conducts crime prevention conversations with children and parents using a series of information sheets issued by a methodologist for working with children and a propaganda inspector.

As part of the legal education of children, a club “Young Experts in Law” has been organized in the library, during which children learn their rights and responsibility for any actions.

Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn from the second chapter.

The village library works in close cooperation with other institutions, such as the central district library, district and village administrations, employment centers, social protection authorities, etc.

CONCLUSION

The modern model library develops effective strategies and methods for searching, structuring and presenting knowledge.

The social functions of a modern library are memorial, communication, information, educational, socializing and cultural.

The most important tasks of libraries in the modern world are increasingly formulated as providing free and unrestricted access to information and preserving its sources, and the librarian is increasingly called not a custodian and promoter of books, but an information specialist, a navigator in a world of information that doubles quantitatively every five years.

Being not only an organizer of knowledge, but also its creator, the modern library participates in the formation of the main resource of a new society of knowledge, and therefore becomes the builder of this new society.

Libraries can and should become a key link in creating a unified information and cultural space of the country, establishing direct information links between Russian regions and foreign countries, integrating Russian information resources into international information networks and data banks. The solution to this problem should be facilitated by the formation of a modern, scientifically based, state library policy with a pronounced modernization character.

The main tasks of rural libraries at the present stage are to provide access to all types of municipal information: providing information to enterprises, associations, and representatives of farms; assisting users with literacy skills; promoting systematic education and self-education of villagers, especially the younger generation. The village library works in close cooperation with other institutions, such as the central district library, district and village administrations, employment centers, social protection authorities, etc.

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The main directions of library activities in rural areas // Melentyeva, Yulia Petrovna. Rural library and its reader in the modern socio-cultural space of the village / Yu. P. Melentyeva. - Moscow: Litera, 2009. - P. 55-66. - (Series “Modern Library”; issue 63).
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The municipal cultural institution “Pustoshkinskaya Central District Library” includes:
1. Alolan Model Rural Library Branch(librarian Istiforova Tatyana Alekseevna)
182303 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Alol village.
Book fund 11,110 copies.

The Alolan rural library was opened on October 1, 1945 by order of the Pustoshkinsky department of cultural and educational work dated September 30, 1945. Denisenkova (Novikova) Stepanida Egorovna was hired as head. It is always difficult to start, but especially in the first post-war years. Books had to be transported from Sebezh. The library was then located in a small room in the building of the former village council, and the book collection amounted to about four thousand copies. After her, Efrosinya Nikolaevna Litvinova, who worked from 1950 to 1952, took up the baton of library work in Aloli. Polina Emelyanovna Kalinova is no longer here, but she remains in the memory of her fellow countrymen as a kind, sensitive person, a quiet, sympathetic woman who knew and loved her job and devoted 18 years to it. P.E. Kalinova was awarded the “Excellence in Cultural Education” badge by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. Afterwards, her daughter Shoshina Nadezhda Ivanovna, a librarian by vocation and by inheritance, came to work at the library. After graduating from the Leningrad Library College, from 1974 to 1978, Tatyana Aleksandrovna Baranova worked in the Aloli library. The Alotsy people remember the librarian Tatyana Gavrilovna Istiforova, she worked in the library field for three years, today her fellow countrymen know her as a teacher of Russian language and literature. Over the years, Nina Ivanovna Chigalidze, Svetlana Nikolaevna Vysotskaya (Mandareva), and Natalya Ivanovna Gorbunova worked in the library.

Raisa Pavlovna Koroleva began working as a librarian in March 1987 and remained faithful to this profession until August 1999. From a note from the regional newspaper “Forward”: “The Alol Library has noticeably intensified its activities, where R.P. Koroleva works as a senior librarian. Based on the results of 1987, the Alol Rural Library was awarded the ever-lasting Red Banner of the executive committee of the regional Council of People's Deputies, the district committee of the trade union of cultural workers. 1988 Raisa Pavlovna has been working for the second year, but she has already managed to bring her library from lagging behind to among the advanced. For the first half of 1988 555 readers signed up for the library (92 percent of the plan), book circulation amounted to 9,968 copies.” Raisa Pavlovna had to deal with a lot of troubles, including moving to another building. Before that, the library was located in a hotel behind the old school. Despite all the difficulties, there were always readers in the library. Everything that she achieved was transferred by her into the reliable hands of her daughter Galina Aleksandrovna Borovkova. Being a military wife, she traveled a lot around the country, but decided to stay in her homeland, returning in 1999. A teacher of Russian language and literature, Galina Aleksandrovna quickly mastered a specialty related to literature and worthily continued her mother’s work. And since 2010, under the strict guidance of Galina Aleksandrovna and the methodologists of the Pustoshkinsky Central Library, Tatyana Alekseevna Istiforova began her work. The library's service area includes most of the villages of the Alol volost; the library's book collection numbers more than 10 thousand copies of literature; about 350 readers are served annually. November 18, 2013 - The Alolan rural library became a model library.

2.Bessonovskaya rural library branch

(librarian Kopninskaya Larisa Sergeevna)
182323 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Churilovo village
Book fund 5,329 copies.

The history of the Bessonovsky rural library dates back to 1955. Then the Executive Committee of the Pustoshkinsky District Council of Workers' Deputies decided to open a new rural library on August 1, 1955. From order No. 82 of the culture department of the district executive committee: “Assign Idilia Vasilievna Lenicheva as the head of the newly opened library at the Bessonovsky village council from August 10, 1955.” Since March 1978, the library was headed by Zoya Nikandrovna Tarasova, then from October 1991 she was replaced by her daughter Korunova Olga Fedorovna . Since 1994, the Bessonovsky rural library, which is located in the village of Churilovo, has been headed by Larisa Sergeevna Kopninskaya. She is a chemist by profession; she began her career in her specialty in the Leningrad region. But fate decreed that she and her husband returned to their native land. Larisa Sergeevna has studied all the intricacies of librarianship and, combining skill with a conscientious attitude to work, achieves good results. She has excellent business skills and managed to establish relationships with the rural administration, which helps in resolving many issues. Larisa Sergeevna is engaged not only in issuing books. The library is a center for organizing leisure time for children and adults. The library's book collection is 5,000 copies. various books, which are used annually by 190 readers.

3.Gultyaevskaya rural library-branch(librarian Nadezhda Ivanovna Pavlova)
182327 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Gultyai village
Book fund 10,569 copies.

The first librarian of the Gultyaevskaya rural library in 1955 was Zhgun (Trubina). Nadezhda Kuzminichna from the village of Kozodoi after her marriage left for Nevel, where she worked as a school librarian. In the library, one employee replaced another, librarians often changed, finding their calling in other types of activities or leaving their native lands. Not only women, but also men worked in the library. For example, Vladimir Timofeevich Zhigach, originally from the village of Orekhovno, is a war invalid. He worked in the library until he was elected chairman of the village council in Gultai.

Since the opening of the library, 15 librarians have worked there. One way or another, these people contributed to library services for the residents of Gultyaevskaya volost. Since July 1982, Larisa Nikolaevna Bren, secretary of the Komsomol organization of the Rassvet collective farm, became the librarian of the Gultyaes rural library. She worked in the library for about 9 years. Larisa Nikolaevna did a lot of work with livestock breeders, specialists, teachers and other categories of readers. Voters in the village of Gultai unanimously cast their votes for L.N. Bren and, in 1990, she became a deputy of the village council. Then she worked as a primary school teacher at Gultyaevka secondary school. From April 1991 to November 1998, the head of the library was Lyubov Vasilievna Gultyaeva. Nadezhda Ivanovna Pavlova is a medical professional and worked in a kindergarten for a long time. In library science from 1998 to the present day. With her arrival, the village children began to rush to the library, seizing a free moment. As a person who is passionate about his work, creative, with a rich imagination, in addition to his main job, he enthusiastically works with the guys in the “Skillful Hands” club. Having discovered her creative side, she tries to teach children how to make soft toys, make panels from scraps of fabric, and engage in floristry with creativity and imagination. Children's works decorate the interior of the library. For sixty years now, the library in the village has been opening its doors to its kind readers, of whom today there are 310 people. Readers of various ages, professions, interests. From generation to generation they come here to plunge into the diverse world of books and choose their favorite book for the soul or creativity, more than 10 thousand copies. includes the library's book collection. The rural library today is the only institution in the countryside that provides free use of books, ensuring the constitutional right of every person to free access to information, knowledge, and exposure to cultural values. In 2015, the library was connected to the Internet and will receive new computer equipment.

4.Zabelsk rural model library-branch(librarian Petukhova Galina Viktorovna)

182321 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Zabelevitsa village
Book fund 11,009 copies.

The beginning of the history of the Zabelsky Rural Library can be considered November 1966, when the first inventory book is dated. The first librarian was Masha Ryabchikova, who took over the library after graduating from Nevelskaya secondary school. From early childhood I loved to read. And I really wanted to be among books. In her work, she tried to make sure that everyone found what they were interested in on the shelves and went home with the information they needed. The girl also had a public assignment. She led the Krugozor circle, created in the Komsomol study network. After working for 2.5 years, Masha decides to enter a library technical school. In 1968, a new building was built (where the Administration of the Zabelsky volost is currently located), where the library was allocated a room of 18 m2. From 1969 to November 1972, Tamara Nikolaevna Silkina worked as a librarian of the Zabelsky library, who worked from 1969 to November 1972. She was conscientious, disciplined and simply “on fire” at work, always striking with her cheerfulness and optimism. During Tamara Nikolaevna’s work, the book fund with 5744 copies. increased to 7596 copies, the number of readers from 530 to 575 people, incl. children from 196 to 222. Book distribution was 11,600 copies. in year. Next, Zinaida Fedorovna Zhigach, who worked in the library from December 16, 1972 to August 1975, was hired as the head of the library. Kind, attentive, she knew how to find an approach to any visitor, and most importantly, she was a creative person who loved her work and her readers. In 1973, the library was used by 589 readers, of which 250 were children, and book lending amounted to 10,735 copies. Book fund 8700 copies. literature. Zinaida Fedorovna could always find a common language with readers, have a heart-to-heart talk, and help them find the right book. “Issuing a book,” Zinaida Fedorovna believed, “is not the main thing. The main thing is to be able to recommend literature both for the soul and for business and to communicate with the reader.” The library worked under the motto “Every book has its own address.” There was enough literature, periodicals were subscribed in abundance. It was interesting to work and there was a lot to do. Zinaida Fedorovna skillfully organized and conducted themed evenings, tastefully and colorfully designed book exhibitions. She propagated among the population the decisions of the congresses and plenums of the CPSU Central Committee, conducted door-to-door visits to villages to enroll in the library, helped improve the skills of workers and specialists - under Soviet rule, libraries were called upon to help the party and government in all matters. Z.F. Zhigach was replaced by Zinaida Ivanovna Mogucheva, who worked for only a year in the library from August 1975 to July 1976. In July 1976, the first librarian with special education, Maria Vasilievna Gazhevskaya, local, from the village of Vidusovo, came to work at the Zabelsky rural library. After getting married, Maria Vasilievna moved to live in Pskov, where she also worked for a long time in her specialty as a librarian. Sinitsyna (Ivanova) Irina Vasilievna, after graduating from the Pskov Communist Party of Ukraine, began her career in 1981. in the Zabelsky rural library. Irina Vasilievna worked at the Zabelsk rural library for 4 years, and when the opportunity arose, she chose to return to her native Sergeytsevo, where the position of head had just become available. library. The library acquired its modern face in February 1988, when, after the completion of the construction of a new cultural center, the library moved into its walls, where it was allocated a spacious room. Galina Viktorovna Petukhova has been working since June 1985. Now the collection of the Zabelsky Rural Library includes about 7 thousand various books, the number of readers is 350. The readership is diverse: teachers, workers, schoolchildren, pensioners, etc. Library readers are people of various ages, professions, and interests. The librarian carries out a lot of mass work and organizes leisure activities for all categories of readers. On April 15, 2015, the Zabelsk rural library became a model library; computer equipment and a multimedia projector appeared in the library.

5. Poddubskaya rural library branch(librarian Matveeva Tatyana Ivanovna)

182306 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Poddubie village.
Book fund 9,244 copies.
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Poddub residents love to come to their rural library. It's always clean and comfortable here. And most importantly, they know that the library will help everyone choose a book to their liking, give advice, and tell them about new releases. Taisiya Dorofeevna Puzynya created a special library atmosphere in the Poddub rural library. She came here to work in 1954. So since then, the passionate promoter of the book has never betrayed her favorite work. Taisiya Dorofeevna did a lot of work among readers, strictly monitored the safety of the book fund, and worked with specialists from the Poddubye state farm to promote agricultural literature. For 1985 The Poddub library branch served 92 percent of the population of its site. At the end of the 80s, the library celebrated a housewarming party in a spacious, warm and cozy house located in the center of the village of Poddubye. The Vasilkovsky Village Council helped purchase the missing equipment and allocated money for new curtains and firewood. The library had a TV and new tracks. And most importantly, the new stoves did not allow us to freeze in winter. Since 1984, the literary club “Lyra” has been active at the library; The rural library, together with the recreation center, created their own club for students, which is called “Student’s Day Off.” Taisiya Dorofeevna's library experience was 38 years. From 1992 to 1995 Vera Petrovna Matyusheva worked in the library. From September 1995 to the present, Tatyana Ivanovna Matveeva has been working in the library. Tatyana Ivanovna believes that it was her destiny to return home after many years of separation from her small homeland. Here in Poddubye she spent her childhood. After graduating from the Velikiy Luki Forestry Technical College, she worked in Karelia, then moved to Togliatti, then returned and began working in her native land, in 1995 she was offered to work in a library. Here she found herself and for 20 years now she has been working in the field of love for literature and reading. She loves children and works with them in the “Skillful Hands” club, Tatyana Ivanovna always works in close contact with the employees of the Poddubsky SDK. Together they organize many interesting events, especially in the summer, when life in Poddubye is in full swing and there is someone to organize leisure time for. The library serves 250 readers. The book fund is more than 8 thousand books.

6. Shalakhovskaya rural library-branch(librarian Lipchenko Valentina Nikolaevna)

182317 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, village of Shalakhovo.
Book fund 10,224 copies.

By order of the District Department of Culture dated December 20, 1948, the Shalakhovskaya rural library was opened on December 25, 1948. Nadezhda Illarionovna Nemchenko was appointed head of the library on September 1, 1950. Head of the Shalakhovsky rural library Vladimir Ivanovich Popov, born in 1900, from 01/04/1951. Lysenko Lyubov Dementievna. In 1956, as an 18-year-old girl, Vera Yakovlevna Kapitonova came to work at the Shalakhov Library; for almost 40 years she was in charge of the library without a shift. From a note in the regional newspaper “Forward” dated March 8, 1990: “Vera Kapitonovna’s library is always cozy, clean, with flowers everywhere. She devoted a lot of time, effort and knowledge to the creation of an office of scientific and technical information at the collective farm named after. Dimitrova. A separate room was allocated for the office, which I decorated myself, made file cabinets and folders to help the collective farm specialists.” From 1996 to the present day, Valentina Nikolaevna Lipchenko has been working in the library. Every year the library serves 250 readers, the book collection includes more than 10 thousand books. In 2015, the library connected to the Internet, and the library will soon receive new computer equipment.

7. Shchukinsky rural model library-branch(librarian Tamara Ivanovna Vasilyeva)
182314 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Shchukino village
Book fund 16,080 copies.

Over the past years, the life of the library has had everything: periods of ups and downs, joys and failures. Library workers, books and shelves, and even location changed. But the functions of enlightenment laid down by its first librarians remained unchanged in the activities of this center of culture. In the post-war years, Zinaida Puzynia worked as the head of the library. By order of the culture department of the Pustoshkinsky district executive committee No. 131 dated September 2, 1950. Zoya Mitrofanovna Demidova was appointed head of the Shchukin rural library from 09/05/1950. In 1954 she was replaced by Lidiya Mikhailovna Grigorieva and worked until 1986. Lidiya Mikhailovna always took an active life position, actively promoted the book, held public events, was the secretary of the primary party cell, was repeatedly elected as a deputy of the village council, and was a member of the women's council. For her career, Lidia Mikhailovna was repeatedly awarded “Certificates of Honor” and “Diplomas”. In 1985, for the best provision of library services to the population, the library was awarded the title “Library of Excellent Work.” In 1986, the regional newspaper “Forward” wrote: “There is only one entry in Lidia Mikhailovna Grigorieva’s work book - head. Shchukinskaya s\b. For more than 30 years, a modest, energetic woman has been working continuously in this responsible position. Over the years, she managed not only to win the respect of her fellow villagers, but also turned the library into a desirable resting place for the workers of the Spring Ray collective farm. And it is no coincidence that according to the results of the past year, she was awarded an honorable second place in the socialist competition. Lidia Mikhailovna is a frequent visitor to the collective farm farms. Either she conducts readings of specialized literature, then she gives a lecture or conversation, or she updates visual information in the red corner.” 05/13/1986 Forward. Since 1986, the library has been headed by Tamara Ivanovna Vasilyeva. Today, the Shchukinsky rural library is used by 300 people - from young preschoolers to the elderly. The book fund includes more than 16 thousand copies of books. The library is faced with the task of creating for readers an attractive image of a cozy, warm home, where they can get the necessary information and spend their free time interestingly. “Ascent to the Origins” is the name of the exhibition of spiritual and local history literature, this includes material on the construction of the chapel and church. Meetings of the Lada women’s club are held periodically. The children's section of the library is decorated with drawings and handicrafts of children. Equipping the library with modern computer equipment is today a necessary condition for providing the population with access to information with the ability to process information (printing, scanning), and access to the Internet. The Shchukinsky library received the necessary equipment for this. On April 23, 2015, the Shchukinsky rural library acquired the status of a model library

8. Iasi Rural Library Branch(librarian Zinaida Vasilievna Churova)
182300 Pskov region, Pustoshkinsky district, Yassy village.
Book fund 7,300 copies.

From 01/01/2009 The municipal cultural institution “Suburban Association of Rural Libraries” was formed, which included:
1.New rural library branch (

VIIregional scientific and practical conference for schoolchildren

Yashkinsky municipal district

"Discoveries of young researchers"

Section: primary classes

“The role of the library in the life of the village”

2nd grade student

MBOU "Krasnoselskaya secondary school",

Born 05/08/2007

st. Mira, 2-2; tel. 89235083655

Scientific adviser:

Barinova Polina Vladimirovna,

primary school teacher

MBOU "Krasnoselskaya secondary school"

Address: 652040, Krasnoselka village,

st. Urozhaynaya, 5, tel. 89617339437

Yashkino 2016

Content

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………3

Main part

Chapter 1. Historical background………………………………………….5

Chapter 2. Studying the work of the Krasnoselsk rural library ...... 6

Chapter 3. The role of the library in the life of the village of Krasnoselka………………...7

Conclusion……………………………………………………………...9

References………………………………………………………..10

Applications………………………………………………………………………………..11

Introduction

In the age of the Internet and progress

My friend, please don't forget,
What is the library instead of stress?

Visit her more often!

And who is far from the city?

He lives in the village and will continue to live.

You know that knowledge is in the library

You can get different ones!

Hello, my name is Amina. I live in the small village of Krasnoselka, Yashkinsky district. In 2015, our village turned 355 years old. The approximate population of the village is 850 people. Our village has a library that all village residents can visit. I love to read, so I have been going to the library since I was 5 years old.My favorite works are “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish” (A.S. Pushkin), “The Adventures of Buratino” (A.N. Tolstoy).I also really like to read encyclopedias and books about flowers, for example: “The Life of Plants.”

Now I'm in school, in 2nd grade. I began to go to the library more and more often, because our teacher Polina Vladimirovna gives us research and creative tasks. ANDI enjoy visiting our library, because I know that there I will find useful and necessary information.

And then, one day, the thought came to me, how many rural libraries exist in the Yashkinsky district. Do many residents visit them and why? And what role does the rural library play in the life of the village?

When I started asking questions on this topic to my parents, teacher, and library workers, we came up with a research paper: “The role of the library in the life of my village.”

Object of this study is the Krasnoselskaya Rural Library.

Subject of study - rural library as an information, cultural and educational center of the village.

Target of this work: to study the role of the rural library in the life of the village.

Research objectives :

Find out how many rural libraries operate in the Yashkinsky district, and how many residents visit them;

ABOUT define the tasks and identify the main areas of activity of the Krasnoselskaya Rural Library of the Yashkinsky District;

Understand whether libraries play an important role in the life of the village;

4) Determine whether our library is an information, cultural and educational center of the village.

To solve the problems, the following were usedmethods:

Study, analysis of literature and Internet sources on the research problem;

Observation and study of the work of the Krasnoselskaya rural library of the Yashkinsky municipal district;

Cooperation with the heads of libraries of the Yashkinsky district,interviewing library workers;

Reader survey;

Survey of village residents;

Systematization of the information received and formulation of conclusions.

Chapter 1. Historical background

The greatest treasure is a good library.

V. Belinsky

First there was the word. But it gained its true power only with the advent of the book.

The book has played and continues to play a fundamental role in the development of our civilization. A gigantic library accumulated over centuries is a reliable memory of humanity, where its achievements and dreams, insights and delusions are recorded. The library was created on stone and metal, clay tablets and wooden tablets andpaper - the material and manufacturing method changed, but its purpose remained unchanged:serve the preservation and transmission of knowledge, experience, and artistic values.

Library (from the Greek biblion - book and theke - storage, container, box. A library is an institution that organizes collection, storage, public use. They began to develop in the 15th century, after the invention of printing.

There are various opinions and statements of famous people about libraries. To get to know them, we turned to the Internet. It turns out that there are a huge number of such statements. They are all very interesting and educational. (Appendix 1) We especially liked the statementGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz:

« Libraries – these are the treasuries of all the riches of the human spirit.”Indeed,The book has always been considered a source of knowledge and wisdom.It can be concluded that famous people consider the library a sacred place.

On the Internet welearned that there are more than 100 thousand rural libraries in Russia, among themapproximately 67 thousand school.But libraries serve more than 40 million residents.

If we consider our Yashkinsky district, then it includes 11 rural settlements, which include 53 settlements, of which only 25 settlements have libraries. In total, 15,224 people visit libraries in the Yashkinsky district; if this is translated into percentages, then the percentage of the population visiting libraries is 52%. In total, 29 thousand people live in our area. We can conclude that half of the population is not interested in going to the library.

Chapter 2. Study of the work of the Krasnoselsk rural library

While studying the work, we talked with the head of the library, Valentina Ivanovna Khokhryakova. Valentina Ivanovna has been working in the library for 22 years. We learned from her that the village was founded in 1660, but the library itself was founded on November 1, 1922, that is, it turns out that the library has been functioning for 94 years.

Over the years, the library has collected 7,500 thousand books, 511 readers registered in the library can take and read books on various topics, and 119 of them are children.Valentina Ivanovna introduced us to the tasks and main areas of activity of the Krasnoselskaya Rural Library of the Yashkinsky District:

Promoting books and reading among the population and increasing the level of reading activity.

Propaganda of literature.

Dissemination of local history knowledge and nurturing among readers an interest in the history of their small homeland.

Fostering a caring attitude towards the environment.

Instilling interest in a healthy lifestyle.

Meeting key performance milestones and attracting new readers to the library.

We decided to analyze reader interest over the last 6 years of the library’s operation, has it increased or decreased? To do this, we found out data on library visits from 2010 to 2015. We entered this data into a table. (Appendix 2) A diagram was built based on this table. (Appendix 3) The table and diagram show that the lowest reader interest was in 2015, as 507 readers visited the library. But from 2010 to 2014, the level of attendance has not changed. If we consider the ratio of children and adults, we can conclude that most often adults come to the library.

The books in our library are arranged by thematic sections. For example: “Fairy tales”, “Russian literature”, “Foreign literature”, “Technology”, “Mathematics”, etc. The sections of the book are arranged alphabetically: from A to Z.A huge number of periodicals (newspapers and magazines for adults and children) are published in the world. In our library, children can read such magazines as:“Geolenok”, “Toshka”, “Fidget”. And adults, for example: “Everything for women”, “Behind the wheel”, “Magician”. In addition to magazines, there are newspaper publications: “Yashkinsky Vestnik” and “Yashkino”.

We find it interesting to go to the library because there is a special “bookish” atmosphere there. You can read interesting books in the library. Find many educational books on any topic.

Chapter 3. “The role of the library in the life of the village of Krasnoselka”

To answer the task: “What role does the library play in the life of our village?”, we decided to ask questions to Alexander Nikolaevich Khrapov, a library reader and simply a resident of the village. Alexander Nikolaevich kindly agreed to give us an interview (Video). We invite you to watch this interview. Attention to the screen. After listening to the interview we can conclude:

In the course of our work, to obtain more detailed information, we conducted a survey among readers at the Krasnoselskaya Basic School and village residents.

During the questionnaire and survey, we asked only four questions:

Do you visit our library?

How often do you read books?

Did you, or your friends, take part in the preparation and conduct of these events?

Do you attend events held by the library?

The children from our school, among whom we conducted a survey, really wanted to help us and honestly answered the questions in our questionnaire. 79 students were surveyed.

We conducted a survey of village residents on the street, together with class teacher Polina Vladimirovna Barinova. When we approached the village residents with our questions, we were a little uneasy about whether they would want to answer our questions and how they would react to this, but it turned out that friendly people live in our village. A total of 90 people were interviewed. Everyone answered our questions with interest.

We entered the processed data of 169 respondents into a table. (Appendix 4) The table shows thatRegardless of age, the library in the village is a cultural center for various events; of course, reading books is interesting to only 41% of the surveyed population, while the rest prefer the Internet and television.

How can you interest village residents to visit the library more often? To do this, we decided to make booklets with information about the importance and necessity of books in a person’s life.These booklets also contain a plan of events that will take place in the library. All village residents can attend these events.

Conclusion

From this work we can draw the following conclusions:

Yashkinsky district includes 53 settlements, of which only 25 have libraries. In total, 52% visit libraries in the Yashkinsky district. residents.

The library in the village of Krasnoselka is visited by 60% of all residents.

In order to increase interest in reading, we have developed booklets that tell about 10 reasons for the benefits of reading, and also present a plan of events in the library for the near future. We think that with these actions we will be able to interest the village residents.

The results of the questionnaire and survey showed that the Krasnoselskaya rural library of the Yashkinsky municipal district is an information, cultural and educational center of the village. A library is needed for children and adults to read. The library is not only a repository of books, but also a place of recreation and meeting for fellow villagers.

In our libraryare usedinformation technology, such as a computer with Internet access and a projector.

The library hosts very interesting and educational events, which are attended not only by children, but also by adults.

We see that rural library workerscare about the development of the younger generation and people in need of sociocultural support. Our research work answered the main question of interest to us: “WhichWhat role does the library play in the life of the village?The answer is simple: the library plays an important role in the life of the village; it is necessary for the development of personality, both for a child and an adult.

Bibliography

Library things[site]URL: http://biblioshtuchki.jimdo.com/quotes-about-book-library-culture/(date of access: November 25, 2015)

Vinogradova L.A. History of book publishing in Russia (988-1917): Textbook. //Ed. A.A. Govorova. M.: MPI, 2005. 100 p.

Live for centuries, dear village! // Yashkinsky Bulletin No. 32 dated 08/19/2015. p.5-6.

Fulldictionaryforeignwords, enteredVuseVRussianlanguage.- PopovM., 1907 . [website]URL: http://www.inslov.ru/html-komlev/b/biblioteka.html (access date: 01/23/2016)

R The role and place of libraries in the life of society[website] UR:

During 2015, the Alexandrovskaya Rural Library fulfilled the main mission of its institution - it developed as an information and cultural center, providing quality information and services to library users, using existing catalogs (alphabetical, systematic).

During 2015, the library fulfilled the main goal of its work - maximum satisfaction of the needs and requirements of village residents and library readers using printed publications. Provided assistance in improving education and self-education. In general, the cultural and educational activities of the library were carried out in the following areas:

- a series of events “Kaleidoscope of Anniversaries” dedicated to the life and work of writers (throughout the year);
- week “World of Professions” (February);
- regional review competition (March);
- Children's and Youth Book Week (March);
- days of environmental culture (April);
- Family Day at the Library (May);
- summer reading for children (June-August);
- Day of Knowledge (September);
- excursion to the library (October);
- a series of events for the New Year (December);
- information days (throughout the year).

Children and teenagers visit the library most often and with particular pleasure (36%). The largest number of public events are held specifically for this category of users. Trying to retain the interest and attention of children, library specialists prepare various events with elements of theatrical performances, games, competitions, and creative tasks.

Children and teenagers choose books, read magazines, put together puzzles, play board games, draw, and communicate with each other. Magazines such as “Princess World” and “Playing with Barbie” are in demand by girls of preschool and primary school age, and older girls choose “Magic”, “My Secrets” and “Girls” magazines. Boys are attracted to the magazines “Toshka and his company”, “Tom and Jerry”; the magazine “Star Wars” is in particular demand, which, unfortunately, has not been published since 2014. And teenagers are interested in the magazines “Moto” and “Rybolov”. Fairy tales, children's detective stories, novels for girls, and adventures are always popular among young readers.

Together with the kindergarten, educational excursions “Book House” are held for preschool children. For the first time, children become acquainted with such concepts as a book, shelving, magazine, reader's form. Comic lessons are conducted with children. On the eve of September 1, a big matinee “How Buka and Byaka became first-graders” was held in the library. The children received prizes and a positive mood.

The main group of library readers are adults (50%), who were offered book exhibitions and public events on topics such as maintaining health, housekeeping, autumn preparations, rituals and traditions, as well as literary evenings, recreation evenings, and remembrance evenings. All these events are designed to create conditions for communication and manifestation of the creative abilities of the participants. It should be noted that among this group the most active users are people of pre-retirement and retirement age. This is explained by the fact that they have the greatest amount of free time. They read books not only by modern authors, but also literature of the Soviet period (the “Made in the USSR” and “Sibiriyada” series), and historical books. Among the magazines that are in constant demand are “Homestead Farming”, “Rural Nov”, “1000 Tips”, “Everything for a Woman” and others.

The smallest and most difficult category of readers to attract to the library is youth (14%). High school students are busy with schoolwork, students live outside the village and come only on weekends and holidays, and working youth have little free time. But, despite all this, they try to attract as many users of this category as possible, for which they go to schools to hold public events, arrange book exhibitions and information booklets on topics that are relevant to them (bad habits, character and fate), and subscribe to magazines , which are in greatest demand among young people (“Your Best Friend”, “OOPS”, “I’m 15”), help in selecting literature from modern fashionable authors.

Library specialists pay special attention and care to people with disabilities, advising and selecting books for them, as well as inviting them to all public events and book exhibitions.

The introduction of new information technologies has opened up new opportunities for the library to create more comfortable and modern conditions for our users, to improve the quality of services provided. Thus, the opportunity arose to produce publishing products, for example, such publications as the booklet “Our Land in Poetry and Prose”, “Let’s Get Acquainted” (about I.A. Krylov), Bibliographical Guide - an annotated list of references “Features of the Culture of the Krasnoyarsk Territory” were published " and etc.

In recent years, the role and importance of leisure activities in the library's work has especially increased. The most popular among library cultural and leisure programs are reading evenings and interest clubs. Thus, there are clubs at the library: for older people; female communication and family leisure. In addition, a literary reading club has been created for readers of all ages; for teenagers - an environmental club and a local history club. Cognitive and developmental programs are used for children: quizzes; Olympics; competitions; games; interest groups, etc.

A creative report on the cultural and leisure activities of the library is presented in detail in Appendix A.

Thus, an analysis of the activities shows that the Alexandrovskaya Rural Library can be called a sociocultural center of the local community: a full-fledged service is organized, providing users with access to prompt and up-to-date information for various categories of users (children, schoolchildren, youth, disabled people, the elderly, entrepreneurs, etc.). etc.), using all available resources and capabilities of libraries in the interests of readers. Recently, the level of information service to readers has improved qualitatively.

In addition, the library is trying to take a fresh look at its role in modern conditions, constantly improving its mass work. Thus, in order to improve the quality and comfort of library services, in 2015, a non-stationary book lending point in the village of Novaya Priluka continued its work. The distribution point is located in the village club; book exchange takes place once a month and serves all categories of the population.

Moreover, it is twofold: a library can be useful for both students and teachers.
To a certain extent, this role has already been comprehended.* Of course, the work of a rural library has its own specifics: on the one hand, it experiences great difficulties in terms of acquisition, on the other, there are great opportunities to communicate with each reader, to penetrate into the world of his interests and abilities.
How can a library really help (both students and teachers)?
Firstly, collect and provide both the teacher and the student with information of a psychological, legal, economic, medical and other nature on the main aspects of choosing a profession, as well as specifically career guidance information. Organize a permanent “Career Guidance Corner”, where all the necessary reference and methodological literature would be displayed.
Secondly, constantly collect information characterizing the state of the local labor market, as well as materials that give an idea of nearby educational institutions and the conditions for admission to them.
Thirdly, together with the school and teacher, create permanent lecture halls on the problem of choosing a profession; Constantly hold events dedicated to the problems of choosing a profession.
Fourthly, introduce teachers and students to established representatives of various professions, as well as to the products of individual enterprises.
Fifthly, create the possibility of testing to determine professional suitability for a specific profession.
The library can also create a constantly growing database on all the main aspects of the problem of choosing a profession.
It seems especially important that the library, including, of course, the rural one, having a fund of the necessary literature and mastering the methodology for its use, can maintain close ties not only with the school, but also with all institutions and organizations, including the media, interested in career guidance for young people and in need of information support.
The content of such a stage of socialization as starting a family is also changing noticeably today.
The content of this problem can be revealed in the following aspects: installation on love and family as the greatest life value; understanding of responsibility for the consequences of love relationships. Economic, psychological, demographic, pedagogical, physiological and other aspects of family life. Features of families of various types and types. “Rules” for creating a happy family. Family and health. Family communication. Family education. Family holidays, etc.
Here the difference in life positions characteristic of our society is especially acute. Some see the meaning of a person’s life in the family, others completely deny it. A wide range of publications are devoted to various aspects of this problem - demographic, economic, psychological, physiological, pedagogical, etc., showing, in particular, that the very concept of “family” is very ambiguous.
The problems of rural families are now becoming the object of close attention of researchers of rural society. Scientists note with alarm that the rural family, previously considered a stronghold of morality, following the urban one, is losing many good traditions: respect for elders, responsible attitude towards children and each other, etc.
It is obvious that for young people, both urban and rural, the problem of creating a family is actualized, first of all, through such aspects as love, love relationships, their consequences, etc.
The opportunity to obtain information on this level of socialization in the library seems to be especially important, and the information itself has a pronounced personality-protecting connotation.
How can the library help?
First of all, to use a wide range of information of a philosophical, legal, medical, socio-political, pedagogical nature to solve the problem. Fiction can play a special role here: it is necessary to point out to young people, who, as a rule, do not have their own direct experience, that it is an inexhaustible storehouse of indirect experience, the experience of other generations.
The library can organize a series of library events on this issue of an informational and advisory nature, addressed to both unmarried boys and girls and young families. A number of events can be addressed to both parents of young people and teachers.
In addition, it is effective to create stable forms in the library for disclosing the problem and obtaining guaranteed information (clubs, lecture halls, databases on the problem). And, what is very important, the library can promote communication between young people within its walls, the formation of a culture of communication among young people, the creation of a special climate of confidential communication on problems of loneliness, love and family relationships.
The library can also establish public relations to promote healthy lifestyles for young people, protection against drugs, alcohol, AIDS, etc. young family, etc.
It should be noted that, while meaningfully revealing each of the stages of socialization of an individual, the library should, in our opinion, be free from political and any other conjuncture and fashion. She must take a position of morality, decency, morality, and not be seduced by supposedly “advanced” views on life values. This “conservative” position of the library is due, in our opinion, first of all, to the generic characteristics of the book, as a form of printing that predominates in its collections, as an accumulator of established social experience.
By preserving traditional values and rallying users around itself, a rural library, it seems to us, will be able to help stabilize the moral climate in local society. What has been said, of course, does not mean that the library should avoid pressing problems or ignore topics of interest to young people - we are talking about the position of the library.
Today, library services in general, and in rural society, are also characterized by a combination of traditional and innovative techniques, approaches, and forms.
The interaction of traditional and innovative processes is clearly reflected, first of all, in the range of library services offered. It is also manifested in the identification of priority reader groups (differentiated approach), in the forms and methods of interaction with readers and their attraction, etc.
The services provided by the library, including rural ones in the course of serving young students, are very diverse.
Services for organizing communication are most clearly represented in the activities of libraries. In many libraries, especially school libraries, including rural schools, there are clubs, for example, the “Young Historian Club”, “Fiction Fans Club”, etc. Video clubs have appeared in some rural libraries, which significantly change the library atmosphere and library environment.