Nod mathematical fairy tale 12 months presentation. Presentation for a literature lesson based on the fairy tale play by S.Ya. Marshak “Twelve Months”

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TALE “Twelve Months” by S. Marshak

Do you know how many months there are in a year? Twelve. What are their names?

January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December

As soon as one month ends, another begins immediately. And it has never happened before that February came before January left, and May overtook April.

The months go one after another and never meet. But people say that in the mountainous country of Bohemia there was a girl who saw all twelve months at once. How did this happen? That's how. In one small village there lived an angry and stingy woman with her daughter and stepdaughter. She loved her daughter, but her stepdaughter could not please her in any way. No matter what the stepdaughter does, everything is wrong, no matter how she turns, everything is in the wrong direction. The daughter spent whole days lying on the feather bed and eating gingerbread, but the stepdaughter had no time to sit down from morning to night: either fetch water, or bring brushwood from the forest, or wash out the laundry on the river, or weed the beds in the garden.

She knew winter cold, summer heat, spring wind, and autumn rain. That’s why, perhaps, she once had the chance to see all twelve months at once. It was winter. It was January. There was so much snow that they had to shovel it away from the doors, and in the forest on the mountain the trees stood waist-deep in snowdrifts and could not even sway when the wind blew on them. People sat in their houses and lit their stoves. At such a time, in the evening, the evil stepmother opened the door and looked at how the blizzard was sweeping, and then returned to the warm stove and said to her stepdaughter: “You should go into the forest and pick snowdrops there.” Tomorrow is your sister's birthday

The girl looked at her stepmother: was she joking or was she really sending her into the forest? It's scary in the forest now! And what are snowdrops like in winter? They will not be born before March, no matter how much you look for them. You'll just get lost in the forest and get stuck in the snowdrifts.

And her sister tells her: “Even if you disappear, no one will cry for you.” Go and don't come back without flowers. Here's your basket. The girl began to cry, wrapped herself in a torn scarf and walked out the door.

The wind dusts her eyes with snow and tears her scarf off. She walks, barely pulling her legs out of the snowdrifts. It's getting darker all around. The sky is black, not a single star looks at the ground, and the ground is a little lighter. It's from the snow.

Here is the forest. It's completely dark here - you can't see your hands. The girl sat down on a fallen tree and sat. All the same, he thinks where to freeze

And suddenly a light flashed far between the trees - as if a star had become entangled among the branches.

The girl got up and went towards this light. He drowns in snowdrifts and climbs over a windbreak. “If only,” he thinks, “the light doesn’t go out!” But it doesn’t go out, it burns brighter and brighter. You could already smell warm smoke and hear the crackling of brushwood in the fire. The girl quickened her pace and entered the clearing. Yes, she froze. It’s light in the clearing, as if from the sun. In the middle of the clearing a large fire is burning, almost reaching to the sky. And people are sitting around the fire - some closer to the fire, some further away. They sit and talk quietly. The girl looks at them and thinks: who are they? They don’t seem to look like hunters, even less like woodcutters: look how smart they are - some in silver, some in gold, some in green velvet. She began to count and counted twelve: three old, three elderly, three young, and the last three were still just boys. The young people sit near the fire, and the old people sit at a distance. And suddenly one old man turned around - the tallest, bearded, with eyebrows - and looked in the direction where the girl stood. She was scared and wanted to run away, but it was too late. The old man asks her loudly: “Where did you come from, what do you want here?”

The girl showed him her empty basket and said: “I need to collect snowdrops in this basket.” The old man laughed: “Are there snowdrops in January?” What did you come up with! “I didn’t make it up,” the girl answers, “but my stepmother sent me here for snowdrops and didn’t tell me to return home with an empty basket.” Then all twelve looked at her and began to talk among themselves. The girl stands there, listening, but doesn’t understand the words - as if it’s not people talking, but trees making noise. They talked and talked and fell silent.

And the tall old man turned around again and asked: “What will you do if you don’t find snowdrops?” After all, they won’t even appear before March. “I’ll stay in the forest,” says the girl. - I’ll wait for the month of March. It’s better for me to freeze in the forest than to return home without snowdrops.

She said this and cried. And suddenly one of the twelve, the youngest, cheerful, with a fur coat on one shoulder, stood up and approached the old man: “Brother January, give me your place for an hour!”

The old man stroked his long beard and said: “I would give in, but Martha wouldn’t come before February.” “Okay,” grumbled another old man, all shaggy, with a disheveled beard. - Give in, I won’t argue! We all know her well: sometimes you’ll meet her at an ice hole with buckets, sometimes in the forest with a bundle of firewood. All months have their own. We need to help her. “Well, have it your way,” said January. He hit the ground with his ice staff and said: Don’t crack, frosts, In the reserved forest, By the pine, by the birch, Don’t gnaw the bark! Enough for you to freeze crows, to cool human habitation!

The old man fell silent, and the forest became quiet. The trees stopped crackling from the frost, and the snow began to fall thickly, in large, soft flakes. “Well, now it’s your turn, brother,” said January and gave the staff to his younger brother, shaggy February.

He tapped his staff, shook his beard and boomed: Winds, storms, hurricanes, Blow as hard as you can! Whirlwinds, blizzards and blizzards, play out by night! Trumpet loudly in the clouds, soar above the earth. Let the drifting snow run through the fields like a white snake! As soon as he said this, a stormy, wet wind rustled in the branches. Snow flakes began to swirl, white whirlwinds rushed across the ground. And February gave his ice staff to his younger brother and said: “Now it’s your turn, brother March.” The younger brother took the staff and hit it on the ground.

The girl looks, and this is no longer a staff. This is a large branch, all covered with buds. Mart grinned and sang loudly, in all his boyish voice: Scatter, streams, Spread, puddles, Get out, ants, After the winter cold! A bear makes his way through the dead wood. The birds began to sing songs, and the snowdrop blossomed. The girl even clasped her hands. Where did the high snowdrifts go? Where are the ice icicles that hung on every branch!

Under her feet is soft spring soil. It's dripping, flowing, babbling all around. The buds on the branches are inflated, and the first green leaves are already peeking out from under the dark skin. The girl looks and can’t see enough. - Why are you standing there? - Mart tells her. - Hurry, my brothers gave you and me only one hour. The girl woke up and ran into the thicket to look for snowdrops. And they are visible and invisible! Under bushes and under stones, on hummocks and under hummocks - everywhere you look. She collected a full basket, a full apron - and quickly went back to the clearing, where the fire was burning, where the twelve brothers were sitting. And there is no longer a fire, no brothers... It’s light in the clearing, but not as before. The light did not come from the fire, but from the full moon that rose over the forest. The girl regretted that she had no one to thank and went home. And a month swam after her.

Not feeling her feet under her, she ran to her door - and had just entered the house when the winter blizzard began to hum again outside the windows, and the moon hid in the clouds. “Well,” her stepmother and sister asked, “have you returned home yet?” Where are the snowdrops? The girl didn’t answer, she just poured snowdrops out of her apron onto the bench and put the basket next to it. The stepmother and sister gasped: “Where did you get them?” The girl told them everything that happened. They both listen and shake their heads - they believe and don’t believe. It’s hard to believe, but there’s a whole heap of fresh, blue snowdrops on the bench. They just smell like March!

The stepmother and daughter looked at each other and asked: “Haven’t they given you anything else for months?”

Yes, I didn’t ask for anything else. - What a fool! - says the sister. - For once, I met all twelve months, but didn’t ask for anything except snowdrops! Well, if I were you, I'd know what to ask for. One has apples and sweet pears, another has ripe strawberries, the third has white mushrooms, the fourth has fresh cucumbers! - Smart girl, daughter! - says the stepmother. - In winter, strawberries and pears have no price. We would sell this and make so much money! And this fool brought snowdrops! Dress up, daughter, get warm and go to the clearing. They won’t deceive you, even if there are twelve of them and you are alone. - Where are they! - the daughter answers, and she herself puts her hands in her sleeves and puts a scarf on her head. Her mother shouts after her: “Put on your mittens, button up your fur coat!” And my daughter is already at the door. She ran into the forest!

He follows his sister's footsteps and is in a hurry. “Hurry up,” he thinks, “to get to the clearing!” The forest is getting thicker and darker. The snowdrifts are getting higher and the windfall is like a wall. “Oh,” thinks the stepmother’s daughter, “why did I go into the forest!” I would be lying at home in a warm bed right now, but now go and freeze! You’ll still be lost here!” And as soon as she thought this, she saw a light in the distance - as if a star had become entangled in the branches. She went to the light. She walked and walked and came out into a clearing. In the middle of the clearing, a large fire is burning, and twelve brothers, twelve months old, are sitting around the fire. They sit and talk quietly. The stepmother's daughter approached the fire itself, did not bow, did not say a friendly word, but chose a place where it was hotter and began to warm herself. The month brothers fell silent. It became quiet in the forest. And suddenly the month of January hit the ground with his staff. - Who are you? - asks. -Where did it come from? “From home,” the stepmother’s daughter answers. - Today you gave my sister a whole basket of snowdrops. So I came in her footsteps. “We know your sister,” says January-month, “but we haven’t even seen you.” Why did you come to us?

For gifts. Let the month of June pour strawberries into my basket, and bigger ones. And July is the month of fresh cucumbers and white mushrooms, and the month of August is of apples and sweet pears. And September is the month of ripe nuts. And October... “Wait,” says January-month. - There will be no summer before spring, and no spring before winter. The month of June is still a long way off. I am now the owner of the forest, I will reign here for thirty-one days. - Look, he’s so angry! - says the stepmother’s daughter. - Yes, I didn’t come to you - you won’t get anything from you except snow and frost. I need the summer months. The month of January frowned. - Look for summer in winter! - speaks. He waved his wide sleeve, and a blizzard rose in the forest from ground to sky, covering both the trees and the clearing on which the moon brothers had been sitting. The fire was no longer visible behind the snow, but you could only hear a fire whistling somewhere, crackling, blazing.

The stepmother's daughter was scared. - Stop doing that! - shouts. - Enough! Where is it? The blizzard swirls around her, blinds her eyes, takes her breath away. She fell into a snowdrift and was covered with snow. And the stepmother waited and waited for her daughter, looked out the window, ran out the door - she was gone, and that’s all. She wrapped herself up warmly and went into the forest. How can you really find anyone in the thicket in such a snowstorm and darkness! She walked and walked and searched and searched until she herself froze. So they both remained in the forest to wait for summer. And the stepdaughter lived in the world for a long time, grew up big, got married and raised children

And they say she had a garden near her house - and such a wonderful one, the likes of which the world has never seen. Earlier than everyone else, flowers bloomed in this garden, berries ripened, apples and pears were filled. In the heat it was cool there, in the snowstorm it was quiet. - This hostess has been staying with this hostess for twelve months at once! - people said. Who knows - maybe it was so

Literary reading lesson on the topic:

S. Ya. Marshak, fairy tale play

" Twelve months"

I. Org. moment

Let's start a literary reading lesson.

Whoever wants to talk must speak out...

We will talk, we will reprimand...

Let's read the topic of the lesson. What about the topic of the lesson do you understand and what do you not?

II. Preparatory work

We mainly know S. Ya. Marshak as a poet. We are all familiar with his works such as: “Luggage”, “Abstract Man”

What other directions were there in his creative activity, listen and answer! (student message)

So, he was also a translator, writer, journalist. Marshak translated the following poems from English: “Three Brave Trappers”, “Humpty Dumpty”….

The genre of the work we will be working on today is a fairy tale play. What is a play? Where can we find an interpretation of words we do not understand?

What kind of fairy tales are there? What do they write about in fairy tales? What fairy tale is before us today?

In this fairy tale we will encounter words that have incomprehensible meaning. Let's read in the textbook what they mean? How can you call such words? (obsolete) Why?

If this is a play, then there are definitely roles in it - characters. Let's read on p.69

We will need artistic reading, and for this we need to imagine what kind of heroes are in front of us: their character, manner of speaking...

Our guys have prepared a skit from which you will understand the character of the main characters in the play.

III. Working on a piece.

How did you imagine the girl queen? Express your attitude towards her. And who feels even a little sorry for her? Why?

What order did the queen give? How do you rate it?

Let's call two heralds who will read the queen's will to us! With. 74-75

And now we have another picture, p.75 the teacher reads the introduction.

The old woman, her daughter and stepdaughter will now appear before us. Who remembers what these characters are? Let's start reading.

P. 76. What are the old woman and daughter arguing about?

P. 77. What was life like for a stepdaughter in her stepmother’s house?

How did you imagine your stepdaughter? Have your say.

IV. Mini-essay.

Write a short text in which you compare the character of the queen girl and the stepdaughter.

V. Summary. Listening to essays, grades. Will the stepdaughter get snowdrops in the forest? Who will help her with this?

Which character do you like? Why? I would like to end the lesson with the words of M. Aliger.

Preview:

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The fairy tale “The Twelve Months” is one of the most captivating works of the classic children's literature Samuil Marshak.

3. According to one version of the origin of the plot, the story was the author’s adaptation of a Greek folk tale, although in Marshak’s story the action is Bohemia. The Czech Republic originates not in Greece, but in Bohemia (Western Bohemia) at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries.

4. According to a more plausible version, Samuel Marshak borrowed this plot from the famous Czech writer Bozhena Nemtsova. Her “Twelve Months” were known in Russia from N. Leskov’s translation.

5. Marshak said: “...About the first prose version of “Twelve Months” I can say that when I wrote the fairy tale “12 Months” in prose, I did not yet know Nemtsova’s fairy tale, but had only long before heard the Czech or Bohemian legend about the twelve months in someone's oral transmission. Only later did I become aware of the existence of Nemtsova's fairy tale. I moved even further away from the Bohemian (or Czech) legend in the play "The Twelve Months"

6. But the writer added a lot from himself, so this fairy-tale story shone with new colors, interesting details and details, and made readers and viewers think about serious problems that now sound very modern. S. Marshak used artistic details in his play.

7. Let’s compare these two fairy tales. Bozhena Nemtsova Samuil Marshak1. - Come to me, Morushka, come 1. Daughter. Well, are you rested and warmed up? bring it to me from the mountain (from the forest) You still need to run somewhere. bouquet of violets; I will pawn them for my stepdaughter. Where is this, far away? belt and I will smell them, - Old woman. Not that close, and anyway she shouted to her sister. not far. - Oh, God, my dear sister, what a Daughter. In the forest! did this come to your mind? I'm never a stepdaughter. In the forest? For what? I’ve never heard of brushwood growing under it, I brought a lot, enough for a week. snow violets! - Daughter convinced her. Not for the unfortunate girl. brushwood, and for snowdrops! Stepdaughter (laughing). Except for the snowdrops - in such a blizzard! But I didn’t immediately understand that you were joking. I was scared. Today the abyss is not surprising - so

8. Bozena Nemtsova Samuil Marshak2. In the fairy tale, the main character is 2. Throughout the fairy tale, the author's name is Morusha. names the main character - Stepdaughter.3. The stepmother and sister themselves send Morusha into the forest. 3. The appearance of a new character - And more than once. First for the Queen, who issues orders with violets, berries, and then about snowdrops. for red apples. 4 Both quickly get dressed, quarreling.4. The sky is trembling, on earth Hurry up! The dog's coat is stormy, the person is not visible. I begged for it this morning! I waited for them with breakfast, I waited for them with lunch, but my daughter didn’t wait. Doggy suits you just right! Elena, nor stepmother. Both on Bark like a dog! grief is frozen. The good old woman remained. You yourself are a dog! Morusha and the hut, and the cow, and the piece of Their voices gradually turn into fields, a master was found for this, and in barking, and both of them, having put on it, it was good for them to live in peace. fur coats turn into dogs. Old woman in smooth black smock

An artistic detail is a detail that the author has endowed with a significant semantic load, is one of the means of creating or revealing the image of Snowdrops - in a fairy tale they are used as a plot. The fourteen-year-old Queen issues an order: she promises a big reward to the one who brings a basket of snowdrops to the palace.

10. Ring.

11. By introducing the story of the little Queen and her entourage into the play, the poet gave the fairy tale a bright social coloring and more clearly outlined the conflict between idleness and hard work. The fairy tale play is closely related to folklore. In Marshak, as in folk tales, beloved heroes are not afraid of work, even the hardest; their wonderful human qualities are revealed in their work.

12. In the best folk traditions, the image of the main character of the play, the Stepdaughter, is drawn. It is no coincidence that the meeting in the forest between the Queen and the Stepdaughter ends in complete triumph for this poor hard-working girl. Nature itself actively helps her. Marshak achieves exceptional skill in individualizing the speech of the characters. Thus, in the speech of the Stepdaughter one can feel the folk poetic basis with its melodiousness and melody.

13. The stepmother and her daughter appear in the play as bearers of evil and inhumanity. Greed, the desire to profit at someone else’s expense, hypocrisy, meanness - these qualities of theirs are made by the poet the subject of a satirical depiction. He deliberately exaggerates these character traits, bringing them to the point of absurdity, thereby causing in the young viewer disgust for these heroes and a desire to fight everything that degrades a person.

14. The capricious and eccentric Queen is not so harmless. She was used to managing people's destinies, commanding, commanding. The poet shows the complexity of this character: intelligence, the ability to feel deeply, to understand people - with anger, secrecy, and inhumanity - coexist in him. Spoiled by universal worship and bad upbringing, the Queen first thinks about her behavior when faced with her Stepdaughter and the old soldier. This character carries a charge of great educational power: many children recognized their own in some of the Queen’s actions, and in her desire to subjugate the whole world - their desire to subordinate their relatives and friends to her whims.

15. In 1956, the Soyuzmultfilm studio (Moscow) released a cartoon of the same name, adding to the collection of classics of Soviet animation.

Choose your mood

Good luck!

Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak

I remember a good fairy tale from childhood,

I want you to remember the fairy tale too.

Let it creep up to the very heart

And the seed of kindness will be born

From the biography of S.Ya. Marshak

The future writer spent his early childhood and first school years in the small town of Ostrogozhsk, Voronezh province. His family lived poorly, but amicably.

From the biography of S.Ya. Marshak

Since childhood, the boy was drawn to knowledge, to books, and began to write poetry early.

First he studied at the gymnasium, then graduated from the University of London. The writer's first books of poetry appeared in 1923.

January is the beginning of the year, winter is the middle.
February is heavy with snowstorms, and (March) with rain.
April with water, and (May) with grass.
June walked through the meadows with a scythe, and (July) ran through the grain with a sickle.
Whatever you collect in August, you will spend the winter with.
September smells like apple, (October) – cabbage
November is the gate of winter.
December ends the year, winter begins.

Rules of conduct in the theater

1. Arrive at the theater on time. Actors and musicians, stage workers and lighting technicians were preparing to meet you.

All these people made sure that you didn't have to wait for the performance to start.

It is also necessary to respect the spectators who arrived on time. 2. In the cloakroom, hand your coat to the cloakroom attendant by throwing it over the barrier. 3. When going to your seat, walk along the rows of chairs facing the seated spectators. If you come with a girl, let her go first. 4. If you have already taken your place in the auditorium, and spectators are passing by you to their seats, be sure to stand up and give them way.

Sit in the seat indicated on your ticket. If your place suddenly turns out to be occupied and they don’t want to vacate it, don’t get into an argument - ask the ushers to resolve this misunderstanding.

When sitting in a chair, do not place your hands on both armrests.