Bios settings - Detailed instructions in pictures. Description of Phoenix Award BIOS parameter settings
Currently, many motherboards use version 6.0PG Phoenix Award BIOS from Phoenix. It is just as popular among manufacturers as its competitor. Phoenix Award BIOS 6.0PG combines the most modern capabilities for customizing the computer's hardware configuration and has a familiar interface, similar to the now “classic” interface.
As always, if the manufacturer is Phoenix, you may find the version described under a variety of names. The most common version is Phoenix Award BIOS 6.0PG; Phoenix Award Workstation BIOS 6.0PG is used somewhat less frequently; sometimes it is Award BIOS 6.0PG or Phoenix BIOS 6.0PG.
Main menu
By calling the BIOS Setup utility, you are taken to the main menu of this program (Fig. 1). Let's dwell on the options grouped in one or another menu item.
Rice. 1. Main menu Phoenix AWARD BIOS version 6.0PG
Some motherboards manufactured by Gigabyte initially display only “safe” BIOS Setup options, hiding those required for overclocking or fine-tuning the parameters of RAM, processor, buses... To access all settings, press the combination
Standard CMOS Features
Traditionally, the first section (Fig. 2) contains settings:
Rice. 2. Standard CMOS Features item
On Foxconn motherboards this section may be called System Information.
Advanced BIOS Features
This section (Fig. 3) contains options responsible for:
Rice. 3. Advanced BIOS Features item
Advanced Chipset Features
By accessing the section options (Fig. 4), you can set:
Rice. 4. Advanced Chipset Features
Often this section also specifies , sometimes there are options responsible for , .
Power Management Setup
The section (Fig. 6) includes options related to the advanced configuration and power management system:
Rice. 6. Power Management Setup item
PnP/PCI Configurations
The section (Fig. 7) contains settings regarding expansion cards:
Rice. 7. PnP/PCI Configurations item
PC Health Status
This section (Fig. 8) is responsible for system monitoring:
Frequency/Voltage Control
Here (Fig. 9) there are options that allow you to specify:
Rice. 9. Frequency/Voltage Control item
Sometimes they move to this section, etc.
Motherboard manufacturers often rename this section, often moving all the options into it. This is especially true for products aimed at enthusiasts. So, on Abit motherboards the section may be called SoftMenu or SoftMenu Setup, in DFI products - Gene BIOS Setting, at Foxconn - Fox Central Control Unit or Quantum BIOS, at Gigabyte - MB Intelligent Tweaker (M.I.T.), MSI has Cell Menu etc. To emphasize its importance, the renamed section can be moved to the first place in the main menu.
Load Fail-Safe Defaults
Load Optimized Defaults
Load BIOS Setup settings for maximum performance, but may need to manually adjust some settings to ensure stable operation.
Sometimes the last two items of the main menu are called Load Optimized Defaults And Load Performance Defaults respectively. Please note the purpose of the item Load Optimized Defaults changes in this case, in fact, to the opposite: it loads the safe values of the options.
Set Supervisor Password
Control
The controls in version 6.0PG are very similar to those adopted in version 4.51PG. If there is a triangle to the left of the main menu item, then when you select this item you will be taken to the corresponding section of BIOS Setup; if there is no triangle, you are immediately prompted to perform one or another action (for example, set a password, confirm exit, etc.). To select an item in the main menu, you must use the cursor keys to move the pointer to it and press
If there are too many options in this section and they do not fit on the screen, a vertical scroll bar appears to the right of them, signaling this fact.
If, while in the main menu, you press the key
To select one or another option in one of the sections, the same cursor control keys are used, changing the option value is the key
If there is a triangle to the left of the option name (often the “value” of such an option contains the inscription Press Enter), when you select this option and press the key
Many computer owners are not very comfortable with the BIOS in English; they would be happy to make its menu in Russian.
Unfortunately, this is not easy, but it is possible not only theoretically. As an example, I give the picture below.
Below you see a translated version of the AMI BIOS - one of the most popular.
The whole difficulty with translation is that each motherboard has its own BIOS.
This means that you will need to download the firmware, take it apart, translate, compile and reflash the one that is currently installed.
Only a few are capable of such a process (translating the BIOS into Russian). Therefore, if you consider that there are hundreds of motherboards (gigabyte, Intel, asus.....), you will have to leave everything as it is and use English.
True, there is good news: the new processors already have a fully official BIOS in Russian. It is installed on new motherboards that have UEFI. See pictures below.
Here is another picture of the Russian BIOS.
UEFI is a completely new technology, much superior to older BIOS versions, and also in Russian.
Previously, it was installed only on PCs from Apple, but recently other manufacturers, including ASUS, have begun to use it.
In general, the fact that it is in English is scary only at the beginning. You can easily find out what each option means online or here on this site.
You can also quickly acquire the necessary skills by performing tasks on it.
If Russia ever finds its own manufacturer of motherboards and processors, then its menu will be in Russian - hope dies last. Good luck.
Category: UncategorizedIn this guide you can find descriptions of different BIOS settings in pictures, because it is the complexity or simply the fear of this firmware that prevents many from installing Windows on their own.
An example would be setting up the ASUS BIOS of the P5QL SE motherboard.
What is BIOS
BIOS is a special program written on the motherboard chip. This is where all system settings are stored. This microcircuit can be classified as a volatile memory device, but at the same time it remains a permanent memory device. You might think that when you turn off the power to the PC, all the settings stored in the BIOS will be lost, but this is not the case, because the BIOS has its own power source - a battery, which is also installed in the motherboard. The main task of the BIOS is to identify all connected devices to the computer (video card, processor, RAM, etc.), check their functionality, and start them with certain parameters, after which the BIOS transfers control to the operating system bootloader. Thus, the BIOS is the basic input/output subsystem, and an intermediary between the computer hardware and the operating system, i.e. The BIOS allows devices to communicate with each other and with the operating system.
At the moment, there are several versions of BIOS, the most popular of which are the Phoenix Award BIOS and the American Megatrends BIOS (AMI). To configure your BIOS, if you have never done this before, then it is better to find out the version and model of your BIOS and look up the configuration details on the Internet. This article describes BIOS AMI setup.
What should I do to open the BIOS settings menu?
Immediately after turning on the PC, the BIOS starts loading first. After quickly loading, it begins to perform the POST procedure, with the help of which it queries all connected devices for functionality and readiness for use. If all connected devices are ready for use and are working normally, a short beep will sound from the speaker located in the BIOS. After this short signal, you should quickly press the “del” or “F10” key on your keyboard. If you do not hear the signal, for some reason, then you can press these keys while various data will be displayed on the screen on a black background, which are the result of the POST being carried out to ensure that the devices are ready. To be sure that you will get into the BIOS, you can press the keys many times, immediately after the computer starts to turn on. If, when you turn on the computer, you hear, instead of the usual short BIOS signal, a signal that is longer or repeated, then during the POST procedure, it turned out that one or more connected devices are not working correctly or have failed.
Once you have successfully entered the BIOS settings window, in BIOS AMI 02.61 (and many other AMI versions), you will see:
MAIN section
In this section, you will be given the opportunity to independently configure the system time and date, as well as configure connected hard drives and other storage devices. Typically, the BIOS will automatically detect all connected devices, so you won't need to enable them manually here, but you can change some settings when they are automatically enabled. To do this, select the hard drive or other drive you need and press “Enter” on the keyboard. After this, you will be taken to the settings menu for the selected drive. In our case, we see all the information about the hard drive connected to the first channel. If no device is connected to the channel, then we see the message “Not Detected”.
Once in the hard drive settings, to make your settings, you should change the “Type” parameter from Auto to User.
LBA/LargeMode– this parameter is responsible for supporting drives with a capacity of more than 504 MB. Thus, it is advisable to select AUTO here.
Block (Multi-Sector Transfer)– using this parameter, you can disable the transfer of data from several sectors at the same time, 512 bytes each, i.e., by disabling this parameter, the speed of the hard drive will sharply decrease, because only 1 sector equal to 512 bytes will be transferred at a time. For faster operation, it is better to set the AUTO mode.
PIO Mode – Using this parameter, you can force the hard drive to operate in legacy data exchange mode. Automatically, modern hard drives operate in the fastest mode, therefore, it is also better to set the value to AUTO here.
DMA Mode direct memory access. To achieve higher read/write speed, you should leave it at AUTO.
SMART Monitoring – Using this technology, you can monitor the status of your hard drive. In other words, it is a technology of self-observation, reporting and analysis. It is also better to set the value to AUTO.
32 Bit Transfer– if the value is Enabled, then data transmitted via the PCI bus will be transmitted in 32-bit mode. If this option is disabled, then in 16-bit.
SystemInformation
In the MAIN section, you can also find out some information about the system. To do this, select System Information in this section. In the window that opens, you will see the BIOS version and its production date, and there is also information about the processor and system memory.
StorageConfiguration
By selecting Storage Configuration in the MAIN section, we will go to the disk subsystem settings. Here, by changing the SATA Configuration parameters, we can disable the SATA controller that is soldered into the motherboard by selecting the Disabled option. By selecting the Enhanced mode, the system will operate in the normal mode familiar to all modern operating systems. Finally, by selecting Compatible mode, the disk subsystem will operate in compatibility mode with legacy operating systems. (Windows 98,95,Me)
Configure SATA as. By changing this parameter, you can select IDE mode, using which you will see all connected drives as IDE devices, or you can select AHCI mode, which is supported by most modern operating systems. Choosing AHCI will allow you to use modern technologies such as Plug-in-Play.
Hard Disk Write Protect And SATA Detect Time out. The main purpose of these parameters is to protect disks from writing, i.e. It is better to leave the Hard Disk Write Protect option in Disabled mode. By changing the SATA Detect Time out parameter, you can change the time that the computer will spend searching for the disk subsystem when turned on. Accordingly, by setting a shorter time, the loading will be faster, but you don’t need to reduce it much, but rather, on the contrary, increase it a little or leave it at default, because with a short time, the disks simply may not have time to be detected by the system during the POST procedure.
Advanced section
By selecting the JumperFree Configuration item in this section, we find ourselves in the Configure System Frequency/Voltage section.
Configure System Frequency/Voltage
A.I.Overclocking By selecting the AUTO mode in this parameter, you can automatically overclock the processor, but if you select the Manual mode here, then the settings for overclocking the processor can be made manually.
DRAMFrequency This parameter allows you to set the memory bus frequency regardless of the processor bus frequency.
Memory Voltage and NB Voltage– these parameters allow you to manually adjust the supply voltage of memory modules and set the voltage of the system chipset.
By going from the Advanced section to CPU Configuration, a window will open Configure Advanced CPU Settings. In this section, you can change all settings related to the central processor, you can also monitor its operation and find out all the information about the central processor.
OnboardDevicesConfiguration
Here are the parameters that affect the operation of the built-in controllers and ports. For example, by changing the Onboard LAN values, we can disable or, conversely, enable the built-in network adapter.
Serial Port Address – allows you to assign one of the assigned addresses to the COM port and an interrupt number, which will be subsequently used by the operating system.
Parallel Port Address- assigns one of the assigned addresses to the LPT port, which will be used by the operating system in the future.
Parallel Port Mode- indicates the BIOS in which mode the computer's parallel port should operate.
Also in this section you can assign addresses to other ports.
USB Configuration
In this section you can make changes to the operation of the USB serial interface. Here you can also completely disable all USB connectors on your computer.
POWER section (power settings)
In the Power section, you can configure power-saving features and the power-on/shutdown pattern of your computer.
ACPI - Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - this advanced power management interface.
By going to the Hardware Monitor item, we will find all the information about the temperature of our processor or the speed of the fans. Also here you can find out information from all other computer sensors and make changes to some parameters of the power supply.
Boot section (boot options)
In this section you can make changes to the download parameters.
Let's go to the section Boot Device Priority.
Here we have the opportunity to configure which drive we will boot first. Thus, the figure shows that first of all we load information from the hard drive, i.e. When you turn on the computer, the operating system will start loading from the hard drive.
These parameters are not difficult to change, and from the next figure we see that information from the connected drive will begin to be loaded first. These settings should be changed if you are using a portable version of the operating system or when reinstalling the OS.
HardDiskDrivers
This option will allow you to change the hard drive from which the operating system will initially boot.
This option should be used when your computer has multiple hard drives.
Boot Setting Configuration (Boot)
This is a section that contains settings that affect the operating system boot process, keyboard and mouse initialization, error handling, etc.
Quick Boot– an option, by activating which, every time you turn on the computer, the BIOS will conduct a RAM test, which will lead to faster loading of the operating system.
Full Screen Logo– by activating this option, every time you restart the computer, a graphic image will be displayed on the monitor, instead of text information, on which you can see information about the processor, video card, RAM and other PC components.
AddOnROMDisplayMode – an option that determines the order in which information about devices that are connected via expansion cards and have their own BIOS appears on the screen.
Bootup Num-Lock– an option that determines what state the “Num Lock” key should be in when turning on the PC
WaitFor'F1′IfError– enabling this option will force the user to press the “F1” key if an error is detected at the initial stage of booting the PC.
Hit ‘DEL’ Message Display– an option that controls the appearance (or hiding) of an inscription on the screen that indicates which key should be pressed to open the BIOS settings window. It is no secret to many users that in order to get into the BIOS, you must press the “del” key, so this function can be disabled.
Security Setting– protection settings.
Supervisor Password– this function allows you to change, delete, or set a new administrator password for accessing the BIOS.
UserPassword - This function allows you to change the password, create a new one or delete it, only for ordinary users.
The difference between these functions is that by logging into the BIOS using a user password, you will only have the ability to view all the settings installed there without making any changes, but if you log into the BIOS as an administrator, then you will have access to change all BIOS parameters .
When you press the “del” key after starting the computer to get into the BIOS, each time a window will pop up asking you to enter a password.
Tools section
ASUS EZ Flash – Using this option, you have the opportunity to update the BIOS from such drives as: floppy disk, Flash disk or CD.
A.I.NET– using this option, you can obtain information about the cable connected to the network controller.
Exit section
Exit &SaveChanges (F10) – used to exit the BIOS while saving all changes made.
Exit &DiscardChanges- exit with the cancellation of all changes made.
DiscardChanges– cancels all changes made.
LoadSetupDefaults– setting default values.
That's all in general terms. After you read this BIOS guide, you can set up your computer, be able to configure the BIOS to install Windows, enable or disable built-in devices such as audio or network card without any help. By the way, do not forget to read about the new version of BIOS UEFI, it will soon be installed in all modern motherboards.
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BIOS Setup FAQ and BIOS setup guide
BIOS Setup FAQ: how to set up the BIOS
Introduction
Basic Input Output System BIOS) is stored in a small flash memory chip on the motherboard. Most often, this memory is used for reading, but with the help of special utilities and BIOS technologies it can also be rewritten. When the PC starts, the processor on the motherboard runs the BIOS program to initially check and initialize the hardware, and then transfers control to the OS.
If the PC does not go through the boot process, if the system is too slow, Windows crashes, or the hardware fails, then the cause may be an incorrectly configured BIOS. In our article we will show how, with the help of proper BIOS Setup settings, you can solve this or that problem.
The Basics section covers basic BIOS information. In it you will learn what BIOS is, how to go to the BIOS settings and deal with them. The "Key Settings" section contains information about the main BIOS options that every user should know about. Experienced users can be recommended to go straight to the "Tweaking the BIOS" section, where you can learn about using hidden settings, activating new functions, bypassing bottlenecks, etc.
BIOS: Basics and Principles
When the computer starts, the BIOS "introduces" the processor to the main components of the motherboard and tells the processor what program to run next after the BIOS completes. Typically, the BIOS transfers control to the boot sector of the drive, which can be a floppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD or hard drive. The boot sector launches the bootloader, which activates the main operating system, the same Windows or Linux.
The BIOS is responsible for more than just the boot process. Many operating systems use the BIOS as an intermediary to access various hardware.
1. BIOS versions
Each motherboard uses its own version of the BIOS, specially designed for its hardware. The most common BIOS is from Phoenix Award, and in two varieties. Additionally, some computers use American Megatrends (AMI) BIOS.
The BIOS menu structure and symbols used vary from one manufacturer to another. Even the BIOS menus for two consecutive motherboard models may differ to some extent. This is why we cannot give an accurate description of the BIOS options of every computer known to mankind. But don't despair. You can easily find a match between the sections discussed below (based on the Phoenix Award BIOS) and the BIOS items on your PC. Don't be upset if you don't find some settings: this means that your PC's BIOS does not allow you to control these settings directly.
2. Exit to BIOS
During boot, when the BIOS checks the system hardware, considers available memory, and finds hard drives and other drives or devices, you can use a special key to exit to the BIOS Setup program. Often it is enough to press the key, but other options are also used, for example. Look carefully at the screen during boot: in most BIOSes, it displays a line like “F10 = Setup” closer to the bottom of the monitor. If all else fails, open the manual for the motherboard, where the magic combination should be indicated. Press the indicated key (or combination) and hold it for a second or two while your PC boots.
If it works, the BIOS will calculate the amount of available memory, after which the BIOS main menu will appear. If it doesn’t work, restart your computer and try using a different key combination. For example, many laptops enter the BIOS by pressing the or key. Sometimes the keys work, or a combination like .
3. Change BIOS settings
BIOS setup: use the cursor to select the desired line and press "Enter".
To select a menu in the BIOS, use the cursor and use the arrows to move it to the desired item. By pressing the "Enter" key, you will go to the section or receive a settings selection window (as in the illustration below). To change the specified setting, press the plus [+] or minus [-] keys, or another combination like and . From the main BIOS setup menu you will be taken to various setup sections, which can also be divided into their own subsections.
Open the subsection. Many options can be changed using the plus [+] and minus [-] keys, while others can be set using a drop-down menu.
Let me briefly go through the sections of the main BIOS setup menu.
- In the "Main" or "Standard CMOS Setup" section you can set the date and time, as well as hard drive parameters.
- The BIOS Features Setup section provides various general settings.
- The "Integrated Peripherals" section is responsible for interfaces and additional system functions.
- The "Power Management Setup" section allows you to configure all power consumption and power options.
- In the "PnP/PCI Configurations" section you can bind interrupts (IRQs) to expansion cards of your PC. If such functions are not available in the section, they can be found in the "Advanced" subsection.
- The "Hardware Monitor" section allows you to find out the values of system sensors: processor temperature or fan speed (rpm). Usually the rotation speeds of the processor and case fans are shown, but the parameters of the power supply fan or others may also be present here.
- The "Load Setup Defaults" item restores the BIOS settings to default and eliminates any changes you may have made. This item will be useful if your actions led to any problems in the system.
4. Exit BIOS Setup
To complete the BIOS setup, press the key or select the main menu item "Save & Exit Setup". Sometimes you first need to select the "Exit" item, and then select the "Exit & Save Changes" option. Then you are usually offered the choice of saving the changes made: “Yes” [Y] or “No” [N]. Select the required option and your computer will restart.
Key BIOS settings
Below we will show you how to change the boot drive selection sequence for your computer in the BIOS, turn on your PC by pressing a key or clicking a mouse, activate USB 2.0 support, and also solve problems with fans or changing the hardware configuration.
5. Set the priority of boot devices in the BIOS
In BIOS it is better not to set the disk drive as the first boot device. Instead of a disk drive, specify a hard drive.
Most PCs set the disk drive as the priority boot device by default. This option will slow down the PC boot for a couple of seconds as it will check to see if there is a boot floppy in the drive. There is also no need to do this because there is a danger of becoming infected with a boot virus from a “dirty” floppy disk. And how often do you boot from a floppy disk? And why do you need this disgusting sound of accessing an empty drive? It is better to set the hard drive as the first boot device.
In BIOS Setup, it is possible to specify the devices from which booting is possible, as well as the order in which they are checked. Let's look at how to remove the disk drive from the first boot device. To do this, select "Advanced BIOS Features, Boot Sequence", then select "1st Boot Device" and change its value from "Floppy" to "Hard Disk", as shown in the illustration above. In principle, the hard drive can be called “HDD-0”. As a result, the computer will boot directly from the hard drive, bypassing the floppy disk. Of course, if necessary, the boot order can always be restored by returning to BIOS Setup.
But now, even if the computer does not try to boot from the floppy disk, it will still check the disk drive when booting, wasting time. To avoid checking the drive, set the "Boot Up Floppy Seek" option to "Disabled".
6. Speed up PC boot using BIOS
As you understand, to speed up loading it is important that the PC didn't check extra devices, but booted immediately from the hard drive. In addition, it is better to disable the search for new hard drives and other devices. If you do not often change the set of hard drives in the system, then set the search time to zero. To do this, in the "Main" menu, set the "Timeout" value to "0".
7. How to enable USB 2.0 support in the BIOS
USB: If you installed Windows XP with Service Pack 2, you should enable the "USB 2.0 Controller" option.
On many motherboards, the "USB Controllers" option is set to USB 1.1 mode by default. This is due to the fact that Windows XP without Service Packs (and special patches) does not support USB 2.0. This is why USB 2.0 support usually has to be enabled manually.
To enable USB 2.0 in BIOS Setup, set the option to "Enabled" (as shown in the illustration above) or to "V1.1+V2.0". But remember that to use the USB 2.0 interface you need to install at least Service Pack 1 for Windows XP.
8. How to solve problems with USB devices using BIOS
Some flash drives, MP3 players, and USB flash drives are powered by a USB port. If there is not enough power, the device will not work. This is why you should make sure that the USB port provides enough power for such devices.
Check if your BIOS has an option called "USB 2.0 HS Reference Voltage". If there is, then change the value from "Low" or "Medium" to "High" or "Maximum".
9. How can I change the PC's response to a power outage in the BIOS?
In the "Power Management" section of BIOS Setup, you can specify how the computer will react when the power is turned off. The "AC Power Loss Restart" or "Restore on AC Power Loss" options in the BIOS are responsible for the behavior of the computer after emergency shutdown electricity and subsequent restoration of power. Set this option to "On" or "Enabled" if you want the computer to boot automatically. Either "Off" or "Disabled" otherwise.
10. How to check PC temperature and status via BIOS
BIOS provides information about the operating parameters of your PC. You can monitor the real-time status of vital system components, including the CPU, fans, power supply and hard drives. For example, you can enable an alarm in the BIOS if the processor exceeds a certain temperature, or even implement an emergency shutdown. As a result, your system will not overheat.
Various items in the "Health" or "H/W Control" sections allow you to monitor changes in voltages, as well as temperature sensors. Most BIOS display values for the temperature of the processor and case, and in some versions other temperatures, say, of the hard drive or motherboard chipset. In addition, in the BIOS you can find out the fan rotation speed (in rpm).
11. How to fix problems with coolers using the BIOS
If your PC won't boot, it could be because the cooler is spinning too low or stopping altogether. This situation is especially common with high-end coolers, whose rotation speed depends on temperature. They may spin very slowly (or stop altogether) at low temperatures, causing the BIOS to think the fan has failed. In such cases, correct BIOS settings help.
Set the BIOS option "CPU Fan Failure Warning" to "Disabled". When you disable this option, the computer will boot even if the fan is spinning at low speed. Of course, there is another problem: you may not be able to enter the BIOS at all, since the computer may refuse to boot for the reason mentioned above (in many BIOSes this option is set to "Enabled" by default). In this case, you will have to temporarily connect any cheap cooler to the motherboard, which always rotates at maximum speed. And after disabling the setting, you can connect a high-end model.
12. How to avoid system crash?
Modern hard drives can detect symptoms or problems that precede drive failure and alert the BIOS. This feature is called "Self Monitoring And Reporting Technology" (SMART). Enabling the HDD SMART Capability feature allows the BIOS to send warnings to programs like Norton System Works or the well-known free utility SpeedFan. As a result, the user receives information about the status of the drives. This opportunity allows you to take the necessary measures as soon as the first symptoms of an impending failure begin to appear.
13. Connecting old printers and scanners (LPT)
Parallel port: The fastest mode is "ECP+EPP".
A computer's parallel port (LPT) typically only works in one direction. This setting is suitable for almost all devices, although the transfer speed is limited to 100 kbps. You can switch the LPT port to a more modern mode, which gives speeds of up to 1 Mbit/s.
To do this, you need to enable the "ECP" (Extended Capability Port) or "EPP" (Enhanced Parallel Port) mode. In fact, you can enable both modes at once by selecting the "ECP/EPP" or "ECP + EPP" option.
Warning: If you have several devices connected to one port, then problems may arise with speed modes. In such situations, we can recommend purchasing an additional PCI expansion card, which will allow you to add a second LPT port. Or buy a USB-LPT adapter. Or, of course, upgrade to a more modern scanner or printer.
Tweaking the BIOS
This part of the article is addressed to demanding users who want to speed up boot times as much as possible, optimize system parameters, and fully utilize the computing resources of the PC, the capabilities of the motherboard chipset and memory.
14. How to enable BIOS to display POST test results during boot
When booting a PC, many computers display multi-colored manufacturer logos instead of POST (Power-on Self-Test) lines. But, it seems to us, it will be much more useful to see which element of the computer is being tested, and with what results.
In the "Advanced BIOS Features" section, find the "Full Screen LOGO Display" item and set it to "Disabled". After this, you will be able to observe the results of all PC tests during boot.
15. How to configure the BIOS so that the PC boots even faster
Using BIOS, you can further reduce the boot time of your PC, reducing the time of the first test. Of course, we recommend doing this only if all PC components are working stably. For example, you can enable the BIOS to check available memory once instead of three times. To do this, go to the "Advanced" or "Advanced BIOS Features" section, find the "Quick Power On Self Test" or "Quick Boot" option and set it to "Enabled".
Warning: If you experience any problems with the hardware, we recommend returning to the BIOS and turning off the quick test by setting it to "Disabled". In this case, the BIOS is more likely to find an error.
16. How to enable another video card in the BIOS
If your computer has several interfaces into which a graphics card can be installed (integrated graphics, AGP, PCI Express, PCI), then the BIOS will try to determine which of them has a working card when booting. But this is not necessary, because you know all the necessary information!
Select an option in BIOS Setup called "Init Display First", which may also be called "Primary VGA BIOS" or "VGA Boot From" depending on the BIOS version. Specify "AGP" if you are using an AGP graphics card. On newer systems with PCI Express, this option is usually called "PEG Port/Graphic Adapter Priority". In this case, set it to "PEG" if you are using a PCI Express card.
17. How to disable unnecessary video card functions in the BIOS
BIOS Cacheable: This option will improve performance on MS-DOS only.
The "Video RAM Cacheable" and "Video BIOS Cacheable" options improve graphics performance on older DOS machines. But they are useless for Windows. There is no need to include them.
Set both the "Video RAM Cacheable" and "Video BIOS Cacheable" options in the BIOS to "Disabled". At the same time, disable the "VGA Palette Snoop" option, if available. Finally, you can disable the "System BIOS Cacheable" option: it no longer improves performance, and in some cases can even negatively affect system stability.
18. How to correctly configure memory for a video card in BIOS
The "Graphics Aperture Size" option (which may also be called "AGP Aperture Size") was originally intended to help AGP graphics cards use PC RAM more efficiently during texture rendering. This feature is already outdated, since many graphics cards are equipped with 128, 256 or even 512 MB of built-in memory. In addition, the video memory built into the card is faster than the PC's RAM. If previously it was recommended to set the value of texture memory to half the amount of RAM in your system, today it is better to choose the optimal size. That is, 128 or 64 MB.
19. How to correctly set the AGP clock speed in the BIOS
This "trick" allows you to avoid problems with an AGP graphics card when overclocking Front Side Bus (FSB).
On motherboards equipped with an overclocking function, you can find the "AGPCLK/CPUCLK" menu item (it can also be called "AGP Clock"). If it is, then set the value to "Fix". It prevents FSB overclocking from affecting AGP frequencies. A value of "1/1" forces AGP to operate at the same frequency as the FSB. A value of "2/3" sets the AGP to 2/3 of the FSB frequency, so that, say, a 100 MHz FSB becomes 66 MHz for the AGP graphics card.
20. How to increase the AGP clock speed in the BIOS
Increasing the AGP frequency increases performance, but it can also cause problems.
Some motherboards allow you to increase the AGP frequency. In principle, you can try to increase this frequency (“AGP Frequency” item) in small steps, and restart the PC after each change. Test every setting on a 3D shooter like Doom 3 or Quake 4 to check system stability. If any problems start to occur, change to the previous AGP frequency value.
21. How to increase the AGP voltage in the BIOS
Higher clock speeds also require more power. The "AGP Voltage" option allows you to increase the AGP voltage, most often in 0.1 V steps. The voltage can be increased if increasing the AGP frequency leads to instability, and the need for increased performance is urgent.
Warning: In some situations, increasing the voltage too much may burn out the graphics card. If increasing the voltage does not produce the desired effect, return the value to a lower level and reduce the AGP frequency to ensure stable system operation.
22. How to enable or disable the processor cache in the BIOS
Enabling any level of processor cache (1, 2 or 3) provides a significant performance boost.
The CPU runs significantly faster than other components on the motherboard and often has to wait for data to arrive. The processor cache, which is a high-speed memory located between the CPU and the computer's RAM, allows you to speed up data exchange.
The first level cache (L1) is very small, but it is located on the processor core, close to the compute units, providing very fast storage for temporary data. The second level cache (L2) is significantly larger in size and can store some entire program elements or pieces of data. When the processor requests data, it first checks its presence in the cache. If the required data is there, then the computer's performance increases significantly, because memory cannot respond at the same speed as the cache. Some processors, usually professional grade, also have an L3 cache. As you understand, the cache should always be enabled.
23. How to enable APIC in BIOS
The motherboard chipset most often consists of two chips, called the north and south bridges. They are responsible for transferring data between the processor, RAM, expansion cards and peripheral devices. Enabling the APIC (advanced programmable interrupt controller) mode in the BIOS allows for improved operation of devices. The number of interrupts increases from 16 to 24, and managing them using APIC is much simpler and more convenient.
All you need to do is go to the "Advanced BIOS Features" menu and set the "APIC Mode" option to "Enabled".
24. How to enable Burst Mode in the BIOS
Burst Mode allows you to speed up many things: working with hard drives, PCI cards and RAM. Batch mode allows you to transfer multiple pieces of data in one transmission instead of processing all the pieces individually.
If during BIOS setup you come across the “Burst Mode” option anywhere, then set it to “Enabled” mode. Of course, after this we recommend checking the stability of the system.
Warning: Many PCI cards may not function properly if the PCI Dynamic Bursting option is set to Enabled.
25. Turn on Bus Mastering
Enable Bus Mastering: this option speeds up work with the hard drive.
This BIOS setting allows Windows to use the faster Direct Memory Access (DMA) mode when reading or writing to the hard drive. DMA mode allows the hard disk controller to directly access memory, bypassing the CPU. As a result, access to the hard drive is accelerated and precious CPU resources are saved.
If the "PCI IDE BusMaster" option is present in the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set its value to "Enabled", as shown in the illustration above. When you do this, go to Windows "Start, Settings, Control Panel, System" and click the "Device Manager" button on the "Hardware" tab. There, find the item “IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers/IDE ATA/ATAPI Controller” (it depends on the chipset, so it may be slightly different in your case). Find the entry "Primary IDE Channel" and go to the "Advanced Settings" tab. There, find the item "Current Transfer Mode". Its value should be set to "Ultra DMA Mode". Hard drives are usually set to mode 5, and CD/DVD drives are usually set to mode 2.
26. How to change memory timings in the BIOS
Reducing memory latency. This operation makes sense only for high-quality memory modules. But if it works, you'll get a performance boost.
Each SDRAM and DDR/DDR-2 memory module carries a special Serial Presence Detect (SPD) chip, which stores default memory latency (timing) values. Memory manufacturers usually specify SPD values to ensure stable and reliable operation. Therefore, it often makes sense to speed up latency a little, since this step allows you to squeeze out a few more percent of performance.
The corresponding options may have names like "System Performance", "Memory Timings" or "Configure DRAM Timing". Typically, the default value for these options is "By SPD". It forces the computer to read the recommended values from the SPD chip of the memory module and automatically use them. In addition, the value "Enabled" is also unlikely to cause problems with the PC.
If you want to try to configure the systems for better performance, then set the option value to "Disabled" or "User Defined" (if there are any, see the illustration above). Then set the parameters manually as indicated in the following paragraphs.
27. How to reduce RAS-to-CAS latency in BIOS
Memory is better represented as a two-dimensional array. To obtain data, specify a column using the Row Address Strobe (RAS) signal, and then a row using the Column Address Strobe (CAS) signal. A certain time interval is required between the RAS and CAS signals so that the addressing does not go astray. Typically the RAS-to-CAS latency is two or more clock cycles.
The "SDRAM RAS to CAS Delay" value allows you to precisely set how many clock cycles will pass between the RAS and CAS signals. Possible settings range from 2 to 5, with 2 being the fastest. Try to reduce latency and test the stability of your system. The higher quality your memory modules are, the lower the latency you can get.
28. Reducing CAS latency in BIOS
When receiving data from memory, you should wait a certain time interval between setting the address and transmitting the data. It is also indicated in measures: 2T for two measures, 3T for three, etc. A lower "SDRAM CAS Latency" value provides higher performance.
The correct (and safe) "SDRAM CAS Latency" value is usually printed on the module label or even burned into the chips themselves. For cheap modules, values of 3T or 2.5T are usually found. Set the value to 2.5T or even 2T, then check the stability of the system. Some memory manufacturers claim that memory that supports 2T mode is capable of operating at higher frequencies. If you can reduce the CAS latency, you can try to increase the memory frequency using the "Memory Frequency" option.
Warning: Perform only one parameter change per test run. Then you can immediately determine the cause of unstable operation and return to the tested value.
29. Reduce RAS Precharge Delay in BIOS
For memory cells to work quickly, they need to be charged correctly. The "SDRAM RAS Precharge Delay" option specifies the interval (in clock cycles) between charging the cells and sending the RAS signal. With a lower value, say "2", the memory works faster, but is often unstable. Try to reduce the charging delay and check the stability of the system each time.
30. Reduce SDRAM Precharge in BIOS
The delay "SDRAM Active Precharge Delay" is also set in clock cycles. It indicates the latency between successive memory accesses, so reducing it can speed up memory access.
Typically, the delay is calculated as follows: Active Precharge Delay = CAS-Latency + RAS Precharge Delay + 2 (for stability). As with other delays, try reducing its value by one cycle and check the stability of the system. If problems arise, return the value back.
31. Reducing memory timings: general tips
RAM Latencies: Reducing latency allows for faster performance of the memory subsystem.
Recommended values for council delays 27-30 depend on the modules themselves. If the module says “2.5-4-4-8”, then the CAS Latency is 2.5 clock cycles, the RAS to CAS Delay is 4 clock cycles, the RAS Precharge Delay is 4 clock cycles, and the Active Precharge Delay is 8 clock cycles. These are the values recommended by the manufacturer for memory modules. Of course, smaller delays can be achieved, but this poses the risk of system failures. If you want optimal performance, we recommend decreasing the latency by one value at a time and testing system stability each time.
32. Increase the memory voltage in the BIOS
If the memory works faster, then it will need more energy. That is why, as the frequency increases, the supply voltage should also be increased.
The "DDR Reference Voltage" option allows you to increase the memory voltage, usually in 0.1 V increments. Increasing the voltage makes sense if you have reduced latency or increased the memory frequency. Or if problems with stable operation began to arise.
Warning: Excessive voltage may burn out memory modules!
33. How to turn off the built-in sound in the BIOS
Often the motherboard's built-in sound controller is not used. For example, if you have installed a powerful PCI sound card or generally use a computer without speakers. Then it makes sense to turn off the sound on the motherboard. In some cases, this can improve overall system performance and stability.
In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the "AC97 Audio Select" item to "Disabled" (as shown in the illustration above).
34. How to disable the game port in the BIOS
The game port is useful only to owners of old joysticks or those users who use it as a MIDI interface. Then it makes sense to allocate two I/O ports and an interrupt to the game port. (By the way, if you have a joystick, it most likely uses a USB connection). For all other users, it is better to disable the game port.
In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the "Game Port" item to "Disabled".
35. How to disable the network port in the BIOS
Some motherboards come with two network interfaces, but generally most users only need one. It is better to disable interfaces that are not working. In some cases, this improves system performance and stability.
In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the "Onboard Intel LAN" item to "Disabled".
36. How to disable unnecessary ports in the BIOS
Today, only older PDAs and modems need serial ports COM1 and COM2. Disabling ports saves two IRQs, reducing the number of interrupts the processor must check. And hardly anyone needs a parallel LPT interface today. Moreover, modern printers and scanners are connected to a USB port.
From the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, disable the COM1 and COM2 interfaces (the "IO Devices, Com-Port" option, but it can also be called "Serial Port 1/2"). Disable the LPT port by setting the "Parallel Port" item to "Disabled".
37. How to disable FireWire (IEEE1394) in the BIOS
The FireWire interface is only needed if you need to download video from a video camera or connect FireWire peripherals. In all other situations, it is better to turn off the interface.
In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the value of the "Onboard 1394 device" item to "Disabled".
BIOS update
From time to time, motherboard manufacturers release new BIOS versions. BIOS updates usually contain various optimizations as well as new features. Let's say the same overclocking functions. We recommend updating the BIOS only when a new final version is available (it is better to skip beta and alpha versions).
The BIOS is written to a special flash memory chip. When flashing a new version of firmware, it is written in place of the old one. To update the BIOS, special utilities are required, which motherboard manufacturers include in the package. In addition, some BIOS versions support firmware flashing independently using a key combination.
When it comes to updating the BIOS, there are usually two alternatives. You can use a Windows utility, which can usually be found on the motherboard CD or downloaded from the manufacturer's website. You can also install a utility that will periodically check for a new BIOS version and, if necessary, download it. This method is simple, but the verification utility takes up memory space and consumes some resources.
Updating the BIOS for Windows is an easy and simple method, as long as your system is stable. For greater reliability, we can recommend updating via DOS.
To do this, you need to download the firmware utility from the manufacturer’s website. Then create a DOS boot floppy disk and write the utility along with the new BIOS version onto it. Then you should boot from the floppy disk and run the utility through the command line (if you downloaded the utility and BIOS in a ZIP archive, then they should be copied unpacked to the floppy disk). This approach is considered by many to be more reliable, since DOS does not have any third-party drivers.
Warning: If you update your laptop's BIOS, you should not do this while running on battery power. The laptop should be flashed while running on mains power.
Choose your motherboard: Only use BIOS versions that are designed specifically for your model.
Visit the website of the motherboard (or computer) manufacturer and then find the model you need. Most often, motherboard models are named like "GA-686BX", "A7N8X-E" or "K8T Neo2". Sometimes motherboards have two names: retail (say, "K8T-Neo") and technical (for example, "MS-6702 Version 1.0"). The latter is usually indicated on the PCB of the board. When you find the page with your model, follow the "Downloads" or "Support" link.
39. Keep the old BIOS version
We recommend keeping the old BIOS version in case the new one is unstable or causes any problems. You can always flash the old BIOS instead of the new version. In addition, we recommend that you carefully read the Readme file that is included in the BIOS archive. It indicates the changes and additions made to the new version.
40. Think twice before updating your BIOS
The notes provided in each BIOS version help you decide whether you need to update your BIOS or not.
If updating the BIOS solves a specific problem (see illustration above), then you must decide how relevant it is for your system. If the problem does not concern you, then you can skip the BIOS update. Of course, if it does not provide any other improvements. Note that a new BIOS version often allows you to install more modern processors.
If you did not buy the motherboard separately, or bought a branded PC outright, then in such cases it is better to contact the PC manufacturer’s website. Of course, it is quite possible that you will find the same BIOS update there as on the motherboard manufacturer's website. However, some PC manufacturers release their own versions of the BIOS. If you don't know where to download the BIOS update from (from the motherboard or PC manufacturer's website), find out the answer to this question from the manufacturer. If you don't get a clear answer, then it may not be worth updating the BIOS.
41. How to prepare a boot disk with BIOS
When you download a BIOS from the manufacturer's website, you will usually receive a ZIP archive containing several files. One of the files contains the new BIOS version itself, and this file is often called very mysteriously: “W7176IMS.110” or “AN8D1007.BIN”. In addition, in the archive you can find a text document with installation instructions.
As a rule, the archive also contains an executable file.EXE - a utility for flashing the BIOS. For BIOS Award it is called "awdflash.exe". In addition, the archive usually contains a batch file that simplifies the firmware process. Most often it is called "start.cmd", "flash.bat" or "autoexec.bat". Unzip these files to any folder. For example, in "C:\BIOS\". If the BIOS archive is self-extracting, then copy it to this folder and run it.
Important: Before you begin the firmware procedure, print the Readme file as it may contain important information. Keep the printout with other documentation. By the way, if you don’t have the documentation saved, you can almost always download it from the manufacturer’s website in the form of PDF files.
42. How to write the BIOS to a bootable floppy disk
To flash the BIOS, you will need a DOS boot diskette. To create it, click on the “My Computer” icon. Right-click on the drive icon and select "Format.../Format...". In the window that appears, check the box “Create an MS-DOS startup disk.” Then click "Start" to start formatting. Copy the BIOS file and the firmware utility to the floppy disk (for example, the files “awdflash.exe” and “w6330vms.360” for the latest version of Award BIOS).
Then you need to restart the computer and boot from the floppy disk. To do this, make sure that the drive in the BIOS is set to the first boot device. After rebooting, enter the BIOS setup menu by pressing the appropriate key. Select "Advanced BIOS Features, Boot Sequence", which may also be called "Advanced, Advanced BIOS Features" on some PCs. Make sure the "1st Boot Device" option is set to "Floppy". Exit to the main BIOS setup menu using the key, then use the key to exit the BIOS setup menu. If you want to save the changes you have made, press the [Y] ("Yes") key.
43. How to flash BIOS under DOS
Make sure there is stable power supply to the computer. As we mentioned earlier, do not flash the BIOS on a laptop while it is running on battery power. Connect your laptop to a power outlet.
Boot the PC from the floppy disk on which you recorded the firmware utility and BIOS file. On the command line, enter the name of the firmware utility, followed by a space - the name of the BIOS file. In our example for Award BIOS this will be a line like:
A:\>awdflash.exe w6330vms.360
The firmware utility will launch and guide you through all the other processes.
Keep the old BIOS. Before flashing a new BIOS version, we recommend saving the old version by entering the file name.
Although the name of the firmware utility and the BIOS file in your case may differ (for example, "awdfl789.exe" and "w6330vms.250"), the approach does not change. Follow the utility's instructions and answer correctly. Whenever you update your BIOS, keep the old version just in case. It will allow you to go back if any problems appear in the new BIOS version.
Finally, the firmware utility will overwrite the BIOS image in the flash memory with the new version. After successful completion, you should restart your PC. During the firmware installation, you need to ensure that the computer does not lose power. Otherwise, you will have to contact a service center (or craftsmen) and flash the BIOS using a programmer.
44. Setting up a new BIOS
When the BIOS update is completed, reboot the computer, preferably in a cold way (by turning off and on the power). In some cases, a CMOS reset may be necessary (see below). After switching on, the BIOS loading lines will be displayed on the screen, where the new version should appear. Enter the BIOS setup using the required keys. Select the "Load Optimized Defaults" option (this may be called "Exit, Load Setup Defaults" on some PCs), which will load the default settings. Make any required changes to the BIOS settings. Exit the setting with the key, then press [Y] to save the setting. Then enjoy the products of your labor!
Golden rules of BIOS firmware
In principle, by changing BIOS settings, you are unlikely to cause irreparable harm to the computer, unless you increase the supply voltage too much. In any case, it is better to remember a few golden rules.
- Create a backup copy of your current BIOS version. Before you flash a new BIOS version, save the old one. Each BIOS firmware utility has the ability to save the old version, for example, "Save current BIOS as". If the new version turns out to be problematic, you can always go back to the old one.
- Change only one setting at a time. If you go into BIOS setup, make changes carefully, one at a time and in small steps if possible. After each process, reboot your computer and test under Windows to identify any instabilities. This is the only way to determine how a particular setting will affect the performance and stability of your PC.
- Use stress tests. To check the stability of your PC, it is best to load your computer to the maximum. You can run games, a video editing application, 3D tests like 3DMark 2005, etc.
- If all else fails, try a cold boot. If the computer refuses to boot after pressing the Reset key, then turn off the computer from the network and wait a couple of minutes. Use the power cable disconnect switch or the toggle switch on the power supply rather than the power key on the front of the PC.
- Reset CMOS. If the PC refuses to boot after changes made to the BIOS, then you will not be able to return the settings back. In such cases, resetting CMOS settings helps. Follow the instructions to reset the CMOS for your motherboard. In some cases, to reset the CMOS, you must close (or open) the jumper, giving the "Clear CMOS" signal. Or you need to use a DIP switch. Don't forget that after resetting CMOS you need to return the jumper to its original position. Alternatively, you can remove the motherboard battery and disconnect the computer from the network. But sometimes you need to wait several hours.
BIOS Setup: Guide
Introduction to BIOS Setup
The Basic Input-Output System (BIOS) is an important part of the procedures of any PC, which is stored in a separate chip on the motherboard. At its core, BIOS is an intermediary between computer hardware and the operating system. Without a BIOS, the operating system would not be able to communicate with and control the hardware.
In other words, the BIOS is the most important component of any computer. If the BIOS settings are set incorrectly, your PC's performance can be reduced by up to 40%. Unfortunately, as new processors and motherboards come out, BIOS options continue to become more confusing. As a result, many users simply do not understand the meaning of many modern BIOS options.
But don't despair - THG is here to help! Each motherboard and/or computer uses a different BIOS, so we will look at an example of BIOS optimization based on the Asus A7N8X-E Deluxe motherboard. We chose this particular motherboard because after it a large number of other ASUS motherboards with similar BIOS were released. In addition, the A7N8X-E is one of the most popular ASUS models: it has been on the market for almost two years and is still sold for AMD systems. It is likely that your motherboard will have certain differences from this model, but you can get an idea of the possible adjustments.
Remember that incorrectly setting BIOS settings can lead to unstable PC operation. In this case, you will have to reset the BIOS settings to the factory default (that is, to non-optimized ones). This is usually done using a motherboard jumper, but how do you reset the BIOS on a laptop? None of the options discussed here should negatively impact your PC's performance, but follow each step carefully.
Many major computer manufacturers like Dell, HP, Gateway and Micron limit the available options in the BIOS to reduce the number of support calls due to incorrect settings. Therefore, on computers from some manufacturers, you will not be able to enable certain advanced options mentioned in our article.
During boot, most PCs will briefly display a message telling you how to enter the BIOS setup. You will have a few seconds to press the required key; if you don’t have time, the operating system will begin to load. To enter the BIOS after turning on the PC, hold or continuously press the desired key. On most PCs this is "DEL", "F1" or "F2". If your PC does not enter the BIOS setup using these keys or does not display a message on how to do this, you will have to contact your PC manufacturer's documentation or support service.
We recommend that you reboot your computer after changing each BIOS option to ensure the system is stable. Think about it: if you make several changes to the BIOS options and your system stops booting, how will you find the cause of the error?
Let's start with the BIOS main options menu (Main Options), which can be called up by clicking on the "Main" tab in the upper left corner.
Below you can set the time and date, as well as the parameters of your hard drives and other installed drives. Every time you boot, your PC will most likely automatically detect the drives installed on the system. This takes a second or two on most computers, but if you manually enter the settings you need, you'll speed up the boot time somewhat.
To do this, select the drive by moving the cursor to it and press "Enter". Then write down the values for the Cylinders, Heads, Sectors, and LBA parameters. Some BIOSes have options for "Block Mode" and "32-Bit Transfer Mode". Change the drive type from "AUTO" to "USER". Then enter the same numbers that were displayed. On most modern computers, you should turn "LBA Mode", "Block Mode" and "32-bit Transfer Mode" ON, even if they were turned off previously.
If no drives are connected to this controller channel, select NONE. For example, if your hard drive is configured as Primary Master and your CD-RW drive is configured as Secondary Master, make sure that the Primary/Secondary Slave on each channel is set to NONE. If you leave the AUTO option without the presence of a device, the computer will check for the presence of a drive every time. Setting it to NONE where there are no drives will speed up loading a bit.
Then select the "Advanced" tab, which will be divided into several submenus. The first branch is called "Advanced BIOS Features."
Is it necessary to thoroughly test your memory and disk drive every time you turn on your computer? Unless you suspect there is a problem with one of these components, it probably doesn't make sense to run a BIOS diagnostic every time. In this part of the BIOS, you can reduce the system startup time by enabling or disabling certain functions. For example, those that we indicated above. Below are the recommended settings.
Boot Virus Detection(boot virus detection): "Enabled" Sometimes this item is located in the main section of the BIOS (“Standard” or “Main”). Today, boot viruses are not as common as they once were, but this feature will protect your data when booting from an infected floppy disk or CD-ROM.
CPU Level 1 Cache(processor L1 cache): "Enabled"
CPU Level 2 Cache(processor L2 cache): "Enabled".
Quick Power On Self Test(quick test): "Enabled" This item allows you to avoid repeating memory testing several times when you turn on the PC. If you have faulty memory, this test still won’t detect it.
First, Second, or Third Boot Device(first, second, or third boot devices): Set your boot order and disable any devices you don't plan to boot from.
Boot Other Device(boot from another device): "Disabled" unless you plan to boot from a network card or SCSI device.
Boot Up Floppy Seek(drive check at boot): "Disabled" Extra waste of time, and extra noise.
Boot Up NumLock Status(state of the "NumLock" key when loading): choose here yourself. Some people like the NumLock key to be activated when Windows boots, others don't.
Gate A20 Option(Gate A20 option): FAST. Although this feature has lost its significance under Windows XP, we still recommend leaving it enabled. Older versions of Windows and OS/2 work better if the parameter is set to FAST. The only reason to set this parameter to "Normal" is when loading DOS.
Typematic Rate Setting(dial speed): "Disabled" Here you can choose for yourself. This setting determines how often keyboard characters will be pressed when holding a specific key.
APIC Mode(APIC mode): "Enabled" Behind the APIC lies an Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, which is responsible for supporting multiple processors, additional IRQs and faster interrupt processing.
OS/2 Onboard Memory > 64M(OS/2 memory > 64 MB): "Disabled". This setting only applies to users who will be running the now legacy OS/2 operating system from IBM.
Full Screen LOGO Show(display full screen logo): your choice. When the option is enabled, the memory counter and the Power-On Self-Test (POST) are hidden behind the graphic image. If this option is disabled, you will see the normal loading screen. Actually, it is present on most computers. Some users like to hide the POST screen, while others like to watch the process.
POST Complete Report(full POST report): Take your pick. When you enable this option, you will receive a full POST report.
Overclockers and enthusiasts trying to increase system performance often increase the bus and core frequencies of the processor. In addition, they often increase the voltage of the components, since this can achieve higher clock speeds, but also generates more heat.
Overclocking no longer results in the kind of performance difference we were accustomed to a few years ago. In addition, overclocking voids the user's warranty, can lead to component failure, and the system may become unstable. For this reason, most frequency and voltage settings in this section of the BIOS should be left at "AUTO". If you want to adjust the settings, click on the "Advanced" tab of the BIOS screen, and then select the "Advanced Chipset Features" branch.
CPU External Freq. (MHz)(external processor frequency, MHz): Make sure it is set according to the specifications of your processor.
CPU Frequency Multiple Setting(set the processor multiplier): AUTO.
CPU Frequency Multiple(CPU Multiplier): Make sure the multiplier is set according to the CPU specifications.
In other BIOSes, the multiplier item may be called "CPU Multiplier". To understand the meaning of the multiplier, remember that the processor frequency is different from the rest of your system. Our example uses an AMD Athlon 2600+ processor, whose frequency is 2133 MHz. The processor FSB frequency is 133.33 MHz. The processor operating frequency of 2133 MHz (2.133 GHz) is set by multiplying the FSB frequency by a multiplier. In this case, we just get 16 x 133.33 = 2133.
Through testing, AMD has determined that the 2133 MHz processor is as fast (or even faster) than the 2.6 GHz Intel processor. Because consumers typically use clock speed to measure performance, AMD had to find a way to convince consumers that lower clock speeds on AMD processors do not mean lower performance. For this purpose, model numbers were introduced. So it should come as no surprise that the AMD Athlon 2600+ (in our example) is actually clocked at 2.133 GHz rather than 2.6 GHz.
System Performance(system performance): "Optimal"
CPU Interface(CPU interface): "Optimal"
Memory Frequency(memory interface): "By SPD" (via SPD). Most memory module manufacturers add a special chip (Serial Presence Detect, SPD), which tells the computer's BIOS the module size, frequency, voltage and other memory parameters. These settings are determined by the manufacturer to ensure maximum performance and reliability. This is why we recommend leaving the "By SPD" option. If you adjust the memory settings manually, you can squeeze out a little more performance. But be careful: the system may start to crash at random times, not boot properly, or refuse to boot at all.
Overclocking options in advanced BIOS settings, continued
Memory Timings(memory delays): "Optimal" (optimal).
FSB Spread Spectrum: "Disabled" This feature allows systems to pass European electromagnetic interference (EMI) tests. It constantly changes, albeit slightly, the Front Side Bus (FSB) frequency. Please be aware that enabling this feature may result in interruptions to your Internet connection and may also cause stability issues when overclocking your system.
AGP Spread Spectrum: "Disabled" The same thing is true here as stated in the previous paragraph. Except that the frequency of the Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) interface is modulated.
CPU VCore Setting(processor core voltage setting): "AUTO".
CPU VCore(CPU Core Voltage): Make sure this setting is set according to the CPU specifications.
There are so many different processors on the market today that it is unlikely that one example can describe them all. Below we have provided a partial table showing the name of the CPU, the actual operating frequency, the rated core voltage and the maximum permissible temperature.
| Athlon processors | Frequency (GHz) | Core Voltage (V) | Max. temperature (°C) |
| XP 1700 | 1,467 | 1,50 | 90 |
| XP 1900 | 1,60 | 1,50 | 90 |
| XP 2000 | 1,667 | 1,60 | 90 |
| XP 2100 | 1,733 | 1,60 | 90 |
| XP 2200 | 1,80 | 1,60 | 90 |
| XP 2400 | 2,0 | 1,60 | 85 |
| XP 2600 | 2,133 | 1,65 | 85 |
| XP 2700 | 2,171 | 1,65 | 85 |
| XP 2800 | 2,250 | 1,65 | 85 |
Graphics Aperture Size(AGP aperture size): 64 MB or 128 MB. This function controls the Graphics Address Relocation Table (GART) and the amount of memory that the AGP bus can address. Regardless of the memory size of your graphics card, we recommend specifying 64 or 128 MB. As a result, the video card will provide optimized performance even if the application requires additional memory for textures - at the same time, GART will not go beyond reasonable limits.
AGP Frequency(AGP frequency): "AUTO".
System BIOS Cacheable(system BIOS caching): "Disabled" You might think that caching is a good thing. Yes, but not always. Enabling this feature may cause the system to crash if a program attempts to write data to the cached area of the BIOS. If you are using DOS, then it is better to enable the function.
Video RAM Cacheable(video memory caching): "Disabled" This option allows you to copy the video memory directly to the L2 cache, which is faster than the video card ROM. However, Windows today has advanced much further than DOS, so it uses the video card ROM very rarely. Since the L2 cache is limited in size, we recommend using it to improve the efficiency of other tasks.
DDR Reference Voltage(DDR module voltage): 2.6V. The setting controls the voltage of your system's Double Data Rate (DDR) memory modules.
AGP VDDQ Voltage(AGP VDDQ voltage): 1.5V. VDDQ is a technical abbreviation (Voltage between Drain and common for Data Quad-band). But we won't go into details. All you need to understand is that the voltage of the AGP port of the video card is set here.
AGP 8X Support(AGP 8X support): Enable this option if your video card supports the 8X AGP interface. In addition, motherboards with VIA chipset should have "VIA 4-in-1" drivers installed.
AGP Fast Write Capability(AGP Fast Write Support): We recommend enabling this option. This feature allows you to bypass main RAM when writing from the chipset to an AGP device, improving performance by up to 10%. However, some cards and games may have problems enabling this feature. We recommend experimenting to determine which setting works best for your PC.
This section of the BIOS contains settings for the built-in peripherals installed on the motherboard. This includes serial and parallel ports, audio, LAN, USB ports, etc. If some ports are not used, but they are enabled in the BIOS, then the ports consume unnecessary system resources. It's still better to turn them off.
Primary VGA BIOS(main BIOS VGA): This feature is only used if your PC has two graphics cards installed: one AGP (accelerated graphics port) and one PCI (peripheral component interconnect). The system must know which card to initialize first and consider as the primary one. If you have one video card, then most likely it supports the AGP interface. For most cases the default setting is not correct and should be changed to AGP VGA Card. If you really have two video cards, then choose the main one. It will display information about the POST test and OS loading.
USB Controllers(USB controllers): This feature allows you to limit the functionality of your PC's Universal Serial Bus (USB) controllers. You can select "USB 1.1 only", "USB 1.1 and 2.0" and turn off USB altogether. For most users, the best option will be to configure USB 1.1 and 2.0
.USB Legacy Support(support for legacy USB devices): This feature should be enabled if your PC is equipped with a USB keyboard and you want to use it in a DOS environment or before loading the OS (in the boot menu, for example). If the setting is disabled, the keyboard will not work after booting from a floppy disk or CD-ROM. And you won't be able to enter the BIOS either. If your PC uses a USB keyboard (rectangular connector), then set the setting to "Enabled". If you have a PS/2 keyboard (round connector), set "Disabled". Please note that enabling this feature may result in problems waking up from Standby or Hibernate modes, or may cause your PC to shut down incorrectly. In other words, activate the feature only when necessary.
USB Mouse Support(USB mouse support): The same is true as for the previous point. It is best to disable this option.
Onboard AC97 Audio Controller(built-in AC97 sound controller): If your PC is equipped with an additional sound card, such as the Sound Blaster Audigy, or your system does not have speakers, then disable the built-in sound card ("Disabled"). Then you will free up precious resources and prevent potential conflicts. However, many computers use integrated sound solutions, so you should leave the option enabled ( "Enabled").
Onboard AC97 Modem Controller(AC97 built-in modem controller): Some motherboards use a built-in dial-up modem. If there is no modem socket, a modem is not needed at all, or a separate modem card is used, then the option should be disabled (“Disabled”). Otherwise - enable ("Enabled").
Onboard LAN (nVidia)(built-in LAN controller): this option allows you to enable or disable the built-in network card. The options are "Auto" or "Disabled". The ASUS motherboard used for our review has two built-in network cards, which are especially useful in cases where the PC is used as a router for distributing an Internet connection: one network card connects to a cable/DSL modem, and the second to a switch on your network . If you only use one network port or do not need a network at all, then turn off the controller to free up valuable resources.
Onboard LAN (3Com)(Built-in LAN Controller): This option applies to the second built-in LAN controller. The same thing is true here as stated above.
Peripheral settings in BIOS (Integrated Peripherals), continued
Onboard 1394 Device (FireWire)(Built-in 1394 Controller): This feature enables or disables your PC's built-in IEEE 1394 (FireWire) port. If you are not using any FireWire devices, then disable the option to free up valuable resources.
Floppy Disk Access Controller(disk drive controller): Most modern boards do not have disk drives. If this is true for your PC, or you don’t need the drive, then disable it and free up resources. Note: If you have a floppy drive installed and you turn it off in the BIOS, you will not be able to use it until you turn the feature back on in the BIOS.
Onboard Serial Port 1(built-in serial port): Most users no longer use serial ports to connect peripherals, since this interface has now been almost completely replaced by USB. If you are not using serial ports, disable them to free up resources. On the other hand, if the serial port is used, then set the option "3F8/IRQ4".
Onboard Serial Port 2(built-in serial port): The same as above is true. If the port is in use, set the value to "2F8/IRQ3".
UART2 Use As(UART2 usage type): UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is a chip that receives and transmits data serially. Each serial port uses this chip, although it is possible to integrate multiple UARTs into a single chip. Many motherboards offer IR pins instead of COM2, so take your pick. But remember that for the IR port you must install an IR adapter, usually sold separately.
Onboard Parallel Port(built-in parallel port): This feature allows you to select the parallel port mode or disable it altogether. If you do not use the parallel port, then disabling the option will free up valuable system resources. If the port is used, we recommend setting the value "378/IRQ7".
Parallel Port Mode(parallel port mode): If you have disabled the parallel port, then this setting has no effect. However, when enabling the parallel port, you can set the modes to "EPP" (enhanced parallel port) or "ECP" (enhanced capabilities port). "EPP" mode is recommended if your system has only one device that uses the parallel port (for example, a printer). Select "ECP" if you have multiple devices connected to the port: say, an external zip drive, scanner, printer, or tape drive. Make sure you use parallel cables that are IEEE 1284 certified.
ECP DMA Select(ECP DMA Channel Selection): If you have selected "ECP" or "EPP plus ECP" modes for the parallel port, this option will also appear. With its help, you can set the direct memory access channel (DMA, Direct Memory Access) that you plan to use. We recommend the default value of "3".
Onboard Game Port(built-in game port): If your system has a separate sound card, or you do not use MIDI devices or older joysticks, then this feature should be disabled to free up valuable resources. If you are using the built-in game port, then set the default value to “201”.
Onboard MIDI I/O(built-in MIDI interface): MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) allows you to connect musical instruments with PC hardware and software. If the computer is not used to connect external MIDI devices, then feel free to disable the option. Otherwise, we recommend the default value of "330".
Onboard MIDI IRQ: same as above. If you are using MIDI devices, then set the default setting to "10".
This area of the BIOS is where most users get confused. If the settings here are not correct, the system will not shut down properly and will not exit Standby or Hibernate states correctly. Since Windows already has built-in power management, all relevant options in the BIOS can be turned off. Otherwise they will conflict with each other and neither will work correctly. Motherboard manufacturers understand that not everyone uses Windows, so most settings are intended for users of other OSes.
ACPI Suspend to RAM: ACPI stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - do not confuse it with APIC or IPCA, which are also options in some BIOSes. The "Suspend to RAM" feature, also called S3/STR, allows the computer to save more power during standby mode, but all devices connected to the computer must be ACPI compatible. Some BIOS have an "S1/POS" option for this scenario. If you enable this feature and have problems with standby mode, go back to the BIOS and turn it off.
Video Off Method(video off method): DPMS stands for Display Power Management System. This option allows the BIOS to manage a graphics card that supports the "DPMS" feature. The Blank Screen option simply produces a blank black screen - it should be used for those monitors that do not support green options or power saving mode. The "V/H SYNC Blank" option not only produces a black screen, but also turns off vertical and horizontal scanning. If your computer and monitor were released in the last five years, then we recommend the "DPMS" option.
HDD Down In Suspend(HDD shutdown in Suspend mode): The function determines whether the hard disk will be automatically turned off in Suspend mode. Most of these settings are controlled by Windows, but if your hard drive does not turn off when the computer enters Suspend mode, then enable this option. Otherwise, it is better to leave it turned off (“Disabled”).
PWR Button< 4 Secs (Power key): By default, all ATX computers turn off if you hold down the power key for more than four seconds. This setting tells the computer what to do if the power key is held down for less than four seconds. You can either turn off the system or switch it to “Suspend” mode. So decide for yourself.
Power Up On PCI Device(PCI Device Wake): If you are using Wake-On-LAN - an option often used in large office environments to turn on computers remotely - then leave the option "Enabled". Otherwise, we recommend turning off this option (“Disabled”).
Wake/Power Up on Ext. Modem(Wake on via external modem): This feature allows the computer to automatically turn on when the modem telephone line is activated. Again, a convenient feature for remote control. In other environments, that is, for most users, it is better to turn it off (“Disabled”).
Automatic Power Up(auto-on): This feature allows you to set a time when your computer will automatically turn on. If you need such a function, then turn it on ("Enabled"). Otherwise, turn it off ("Disabled").
Time (hh:mm:ss) of Alarm(on time): here you can set the time for automatic switching on. Don't forget to turn on the "Automatic Power Up" feature.
AC Power Loss Restart(Power on after power loss): This option tells the computer what it should do after an unexpected power loss and restoration. If the option is disabled ("Disabled"), the system will not start. If enabled ("Enabled"), the system will reboot. We recommend turning this option off ("Disabled").
Power On By PS/2 Mouse(switch on via PS/2 mouse): if the option is enabled, a PS/2 mouse (not USB) can be used to turn on the PC. Turn off ("Disabled") this option to avoid turning on the computer by accidentally touching the mouse.
Power On By PS/2 Keyboard(PS/2 Keyboard Wake): When this function is activated, you can turn on the system using special keys. It is better to turn off the function (“Disabled”) so as not to accidentally make the wrong key.
This area of the BIOS exists primarily to resolve compatibility issues with older hardware. Most users do not need to change the default settings here.
Reset Configuration Data(reset configuration data): ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data) contains information about all non-PnP devices (plug and play). It also stores system information from the previous boot. Enable this option to clear data during the Power-On-Self-Test (POST). Typically, cleaning is done when diagnosing any component that is not working correctly. After enabling the option ("Enabled") and exiting the BIOS, the configuration data will be cleared and the option will automatically turn off ("Disabled").
Resources Controlled By(resource management): This setting allows the computer to either set IRQs automatically or manually assign IRQs to all devices. Please note that manually specifying an IRQ may cause problems. This option is only necessary when working with older, non-PnP peripherals. It is recommended to set to "AUTO"(ESCD).
IRQ Resources(IRQ resources): This option will allow you to manually configure IRQ. It is activated only if you selected manual indication ("MANUAL") in the previous paragraph.
PCI/VGA Palette Snoop: This feature usually applies to add-on graphics cards like MPEG encoders. They do not have their own color palette, so they must snoop the palette from the system video card. If, like most users, you do not have an additional video device connected to your video card, then disable this setting ("Disabled").
BIOS security options allow you to restrict outsiders from accessing the BIOS or computer to prevent them from making any changes. Since BIOS settings are critical for the correct operation of the PC, many administrators in companies lock the BIOS with a password.
Security Option(security option): This option allows you to protect changes to the BIOS with a password ("Setup" option). In addition, here you can specify that a password is requested every time the PC boots (the "System" option).
Set Supervisor Password(set administrative password): If you specify an administrative password, it will be requested when you enter the BIOS (when you select the "Setup" option above). If in the paragraph above you specified the “System” option, then a password is also required for “cold” boot.
Set User Password(set user password): Here you can specify a password that will be requested from users when they boot the PC. If the Supervisor Password is also specified, then in the BIOS the user will only be able to change the time and date.
Note: If you forget or lose your passwords, you will have to reset the BIOS to factory settings by temporarily changing the jumper on the motherboard.
In this part of the BIOS you can monitor voltages, fan speeds and temperatures. On the ASUS motherboard used in our article, you can also change the fan speed depending on temperature parameters. In addition, you can set the CPU temperature alarm, which will be activated when it overheats. Another possibility is to turn off the computer after exceeding the threshold temperature. Then your processor will not burn out from overheating or in any extreme situations.
If the BIOS has similar capabilities, then they are all included in a section and clearly labeled. Because modern processors run very hot, we recommend enabling monitoring features to prevent potential hazards.
Each CPU has its own temperature limits. For example, for AMD Athlon they are given at the beginning of this article. In general, if the BIOS contains the options “issue a warning beep” or “shut down the computer if a specific temperature is reached or exceeded”, then they usually indicate several temperature values from which you can choose any. We recommend setting the second temperature after the hottest one.
Conclusion on BIOS setup
Since the BIOS of modern computers differs in many ways, your computer's BIOS may have some functions not discussed in this article. For more information and answers to questions, we recommend visiting the following websites: Wim's BIOS And Adrian's RojakPot .
Good luck with setting up and optimizing the BIOS!
BIOS (Input/Output System) is an important piece of system software, implemented as a series of firmware programs combined into a common interface. The main purpose of BIOS is to provide the operating system with access to PC hardware and connected devices.
Given the importance of this system, it is not surprising that users wonder how to properly configure the BIOS. This topic is extensive and is partially covered in our other articles, but today we will try to summarize the scattered information a little, creating a complete picture of BIOS settings.
General information
The main task of the BIOS is to check the functionality of the computer’s hardware and connected devices and start them with certain parameters.
Therefore, if, for example, you decide to connect a sound card, you will first have to disable the built-in audio controller in the BIOS for the equipment to work correctly. There are many examples of working with BIOS. If you want to set a password on your computer, use the BIOS. If you want to install Windows XP from a flash drive, change the boot priority in the I/O system. 
There are many versions of this software, but we will focus on BIOS AMI. If you understand the meaning of interacting with one version, then you will quickly understand the other interface.
Working with BIOS
Immediately after turning on the computer, it is not the operating system that starts loading, but the BIOS, which begins to check the functionality of all detected devices.
To enter the BIOS, press the F10 or Delete key immediately after turning on the computer (they may be different in other versions). To be sure, press the button several times in a row so as not to miss the launch moment.
If the login was successful, the following window will appear on the screen. This is your BIOS. 
Main
In this section of the BIOS you can configure the system date and time, as well as work with the parameters of connected drives.
All available drives are listed as “SATA 1-4”. If a disk is not connected to the channel, it has the value “Not detected”.
Use the keyboard arrows to navigate to the desired drive and press Enter to access its operating parameters. All available settings are configured by default so that the computer shows maximum performance and speed. Therefore, if you do not know exactly what can be changed, it is better not to touch the hard drive configuration and leave the “Auto” value for all settings. 
On the “Main” tab there is also a section of system information, which is called “System Information”. Here you can view the BIOS version, production date, and important information about the processor and memory. 
The last section on the Main tab is called Storage Configuration. It is responsible for configuring the disk subsystem and allows, in particular, to set compatibility mode with Windows 95/98.
To set compatibility with Windows 98/95/Me, set the SATA Configuration option to Compatible.
Here you can set the time the system spends checking the disk. The default value is 35 seconds, but you should not reduce this parameter too much, otherwise the check will not be performed correctly.
Advanced
On the “Advanced” tab, the first four sections allow you to configure the processor’s operating parameters, as well as built-in ports and controllers.
In the “Onboard Devices Configuration” section, you can disable the built-in network adapter if it interferes with the operation of the built-in board. To do this, you need to set the “Onboard LAN” parameter to “Disabled”.
The “USB Configuration” section may also be of interest, where you can configure all available USB connectors or disable them completely. 
Power
In this section, you can configure the energy saving function, as well as set the order in which you turn on/off your computer.
On the “Power” tab, it’s best to leave all the settings at default unless you know what needs to be changed to make your computer work better.
There is a useful “Hardware Monitor” section, when you open it you will see all the information about the processor temperature, fan speed, etc. 
Boot
The "Boot" tab allows you to configure boot options.
In the Boot Device Priority section you can set the boot priority, which you constantly talk about in articles about installing Windows.
You need to click on the “1st Boot Device” item with the Enter button and in the window that appears, select which media will boot first. The default is a hard drive, but you can install an optical disk or USB drive. 
The next section is “Hard Disc Drivers”. It will be useful if you have two hard drives connected, since it sets which hard drive the operating system will boot from. 
Another useful section for the average user is “Security”. In it you can set two types of passwords:
If you set a password, then every time you enter the BIOS, a window will appear where you will need to specify it in order to gain access to the basic input/output system.
Tools
The “Tools” section is intended for updating the BIOS from a disk, floppy disk or flash drive. Another option here is “AI NET”. Allows you to obtain information about the cable connected to the network controller. 
Exit
The last section of the BIOS, where you can select the parameters for exiting the I/O system:
The last point allows you to correct some errors when starting your computer that prevent Windows from loading normally.
Conclusion
Most of the described BIOS parameters are unlikely to be needed by the average user. However, there are some things you need to know, such as changing the boot priority. In addition, by understanding how the underlying system works, you will be able to resolve some of the issues that may arise with the security of your computer and the compatibility of connected devices.
Remember: BIOS settings can be reset if necessary. To do this, you need to disassemble the system unit and remove for a while the small battery that is located on the motherboard.
Therefore, even if you make a mistake in the settings of the base system, you can quickly correct the mistake and roll back the configuration to its original state.
mysettings.ru
Setting up the BIOS to speed up your computer
Without exaggeration, BIOS setup is the basis of any computer; this is perhaps the most important process in setting up the system.
Many of you know that BIOS is a basic input/output system, on which the stability and reliability of the system as a whole directly depends. To optimize your computer and improve its performance, you need to start with the basic settings. This is where you can achieve the highest results.
And now about everything in more detail. To enter the BIOS setup (or Setup) program, just press “DEL” (or “F2“) when the computer boots.
To return the default settings, select “Load SETUP Defaults” in the BIOS settings, the computer will reboot with factory settings.
Below I will indicate the basic settings for both modern PCs and for honored oldies that I would like to return to service.
1. BIOS setup. CPU Optimization
CPU Level 1 Cache – be sure to enable this option. It is responsible for using the first level cache and significantly improves the performance of the entire system.
CPU Level 2 Cache – this parameter plays no less important role than the previous one. So let's turn it on. For reference: disabling cache memory can only be done when it fails, but this will significantly reduce the performance of the system as a whole.
CPU Level 2 Cache ECC Check – parameter to enable/disable the algorithm for checking error correction in the 2nd level cache. Enabling this option slightly reduces performance but improves stability. If you are not overclocking your processor, I advise you not to enable this option.
Boot Up System Speed – the parameter has the value High or Low and determines the processor speed and system bus frequency. Our choice is High.
Cache Timing Control – this parameter controls the reading speed of the 2nd level cache memory. Our choice is Fast (Turbo) – high speed, high performance.
2. Optimizing RAM performance
Now that we're done setting up the processor, let's move on to setting up the RAM. These settings are either in the “Chipset Features Setup” section or here in the “Advanced” section.
DRAM Frequency – parameter determines the operating speed of RAM. If you know this parameter for sure (usually indicated on the packaging of the memory module), then set it manually; if in doubt, select Auto.
SDRAM Cycle Length – the parameter determines the number of clock cycles required to output data to the bus after the CAS signal arrives. One of the most important parameters affecting performance. If memory allows, you need to set the value to 2.
RAS-to-CAS Delay – The number of clock cycles required for a line of data to arrive at the amplifier. Also has an impact on performance. Value 2 is preferred and is suitable in most cases.
SDRAM RAS Precharge Time – recharge time of memory cells. Typically the value 2 is used.
FSB/SDRAM/PCI Freq – determines the frequency of the FSB bus, SDRAM and PCI memory.
Memory Hole At 15-16M – the parameter is responsible for allocating part of the address space for the memory of ISA devices. Be sure to enable this option if your computer has older expansion cards for the ISA bus, for example, a corresponding sound card.
Optimization Method – parameter determines the overall speed of data exchange with RAM. Determined empirically, starting with the highest value.
There are other parameters whose settings will significantly speed up the process of exchanging data with RAM.
The lower the value of time delays or timing (this is the slang of IT engineers and system administrators), the higher the performance, but perhaps all this will lead to unstable operation.
Experiment for your health, don’t forget that you can reset the settings and load factory settings.
3. PCI controller
CPU to PCI Write Buffer - when the processor works with a PCI device, it writes to the ports. The data then enters the bus controller and then into the device registers.
If we enable this option, a write buffer is used, which accumulates data before the PCI device is ready. And the processor does not have to wait for it - it can release the data and continue executing the program. I advise you to enable this option.
PCI Dynamic Bursting - This parameter is also related to the write buffer. It enables data accumulation mode, in which a write operation is performed only when a whole packet of 32 bits has been collected in the buffer. Must be included.
PCI Latency Timer – the parameter sets the number of clock cycles allocated to each PCI device for data exchange operations. The more clock cycles, the higher the efficiency of the devices. However, if there are ISA devices, this parameter cannot be increased to 128 clock cycles.
4. Optimization of the AGP video card
The graphics card typically has the biggest impact on gaming performance, so optimizing your graphics card settings can have a significant impact on overall system speed.
This is especially true for the lucky owners of old video cards with an AGP interface. Let's consider the main parameters.
Display Cache Window size – parameter determines the size of cached memory for the needs of the video system. If your computer has less than 256 MB of RAM, set this parameter to 32 MB. Otherwise, set the value to 64 MB.
AGP Capability – this parameter determines the operating mode of the video card. The main performance characteristics of AGP video cards. Select the fastest mode - 8X.
However, not all video cards support this mode. If after restarting the computer the operating system does not load or the image has deteriorated, reduce the value of this parameter.
AGP Master 1WS Read / 1 WS Write – the parameter sets the number of clock cycles of one read or write cycle. As with RAM settings, the timing parameter significantly increases process performance, but read and write operations may become unstable.
When this parameter is enabled, reading/writing will occur in one clock cycle - maximum performance. When the parameter is turned off, the system works stably, but slowly.
VGA 128 Range Attribute – enables the data exchange buffer between the central processor and the video adapter. Productivity increases.
I also advise you to disable the AGP Spread Spectrum option and be sure to enable AGP Fast Write Capability.
5. Optimizing hard drive performance
HDD S.M.A.R.T Capability – this parameter enables or disables the S.M.A.R.T. diagnostic system, which warns of possible hard drive failures. It's up to you to decide whether to use this system or not. I personally turn it off, because... I use specialized software. When running, this feature slightly reduces the speed of your computer.
IDE HDD Block Mode – parameter responsible for block data transfer. Those. More information is transmitted per unit of time, which also improves system performance. Automatic determination of the appropriate parameter is possible.
IDE Burst Mode – this parameter connects the data clipboard to the IDE interface, which also increases performance.
Virus Warning – I always disable this feature. It will not replace an antivirus program, but your performance will slow down.
Quick Power on Self Test (or Quick Boot) – you must enable this option to avoid testing your computer's hardware. There is also practically no benefit, and the resource is wasted.
Boot Up Floppy Seek – Disable this option. We don't need to search for a boot floppy when the computer starts.
And most importantly, if the system does not boot after a reboot and/or beeps are heard, go back to the BIOS and load the default settings (I described how this is done at the very beginning of the article).
Or there is still one sure way to reset the settings - turn off the computer, unplug the power cable, open the cover of the system unit and carefully remove the battery from the motherboard, insert it back after 2 minutes, reassemble the computer and try to start it. The settings should be reset, the BIOS settings will return to default values, and the system will boot normally.
pc4me.ru
How to set up your computer's BIOS
Hello, friends! Today we’ll talk about how to configure your computer’s BIOS. BIOS is the basic input/output system. It starts working as soon as you press the computer's power button. The BIOS identifies and tests all components connected to the motherboard. If something is wrong, you will know about it immediately. If all connected devices pass the test, then their operating settings are determined and control is transferred to the operating system loader. These settings can be manipulated, thereby optimizing the operation of the computer. There are quite a lot of BIOS settings. It is not necessary to know all of them, but you can and should know the basic settings. In this article I will tell you everything I know and what I use when setting up the BIOS.
EZ Mode
Naturally, you need to start with how to enter the BIOS. To do this, it is advisable to read the instructions for the motherboard or computer. I recently did this myself. There were so many interesting things there. You can also carefully look at the monitor screen when the computer boots. Usually at the bottom there will be an inscription which key must be pressed to get into the BIOS.
The most common keys are Del, F2, F10, Esc. If you can't use these keys, you need to look at the instructions.
When you enter the BIOS you will immediately find yourself in EZ Mode (see picture below)
This mode is most likely made in order to adjust various BIOS settings without going into advanced mode.
Let's look at everything in order.
At the top left you can see the time and date in the system. By clicking on the gear, you can conveniently and clearly set the current values.
To the right is information about the motherboard model - H87M-E and BIOS version - 0604. I updated the version thanks to the previous article. Below is information about the processor and its clock speed. Below you can see the amount of RAM and the frequency in parentheses at which it operates.
Even further to the right there is a drop-down menu with a choice of BIOS language. Motherboards with 7 and 8 series chipsets now support the Russian language. Now changing settings will be even easier and clearer.
Below you can see information about the processor temperature and voltage. This information is updated in real time.
To the right you can find out almost all the information about the installed RAM. You see how many slots you have on the motherboard. Which of them have RAM modules installed? What is the volume of each model and at what frequency does the module operate by default?
From this information you can find out whether dual-channel mode is enabled or not. In this case, the memory modules are located in channel A and B, so dual-channel mode is enabled.
There may also be a drop-down menu with a choice of XMP profile. If the memory supports these profiles, you can immediately select the one you need. In our case, profile 1 is selected, in which the memory operates at a frequency of 1600 MHz.
Further to the right, information about installed fans is displayed. This motherboard has 3 connectors for connection. One of them is for the processor fan, the other two are chassis fans (case fans). Typically one is installed at the top of the rear wall of the case to exhaust warm air. Another of the chassis fans is installed at the bottom in the front to draw in cool air. You can read more about cooling your computer here.
Below you can select system performance depending on your needs. It seems to me that if you select Energy Saving, the system will quickly reset the processor frequency and voltage, thereby saving energy. I usually choose Optimal.
Below we can use the mouse to change the download priority. This field shows all devices connected to the computer. By swapping them, you can simply boot from a flash drive or from an optical drive to install the operating system. I recommend installing your drive (SSD or HDD) in the first position and, if necessary, installing the OS (I hope these cases will be rare for you) using the boot menu. The latter can be called up when the computer boots using the F8 key.
At the very bottom there are buttons: Shortcut (F3), Advanced (F7), SATA Information, Boot Menu (F8) and Standard (F5)
The Shortcut button opens a list for quick access to the functions you select. These functions are selected from the advanced mode by pressing the F4 key or the right button on the item. In this case, a window appears in which you select where you want to add the selected item to bookmarks (Shortcut) or to the Favorites tab
The Advanced button allows you to enter the advanced BIOS setup mode.
The SATA Information button displays information about your drives connected to the SATA ports.
The Boot Menu button displays a menu in which you can choose to boot from a flash drive or from an optical disk to reinstall Windows, for example.
Default button - Allows you to reset the BIOS settings to default. The universal settings that were set by the motherboard manufacturer will be installed. With a 99.9% probability, the computer will work with these settings. So you don't have to worry about changing the settings. Need to try. If anything, return everything to default. (This does not apply to voltage settings)
These settings in the EZ Mode window should be enough for almost all inexperienced users. To save changes or cancel them, or enter Advanced mode, click on the button at the very top right
Select the desired item in the pop-up window
Basic BIOS settings
After we have selected Advanced Mode - Additional or Advanced we will decide, we immediately go to the Basic BIOS settings tab
The screen is divided into parts. On the left - information and settings that can be changed, on the top right - help and brief information on the selected item, on the bottom right - a hint on managing and changing settings. There are also two buttons on the right: Quick Note and Last Modified. The first opens a notepad in which you can make notes. The second displays the changes you made last time. This is very convenient, because if instability in the computer did not appear immediately, using this button you can see what you changed in order to return the changes back.
On the basic settings tab, we have access to information about the BIOS, processor and memory. Here you can also select the system language and set the date and time.
The access level displayed is Administrator. This means that we can change any BIOS settings. There is access at the user level, where the capabilities are very limited. In the Security section, you can set the Administrator and User passwords. After this, the password will need to be entered each time you enter the BIOS.
AI Tweaker
AI Tweaker tab for more precise tuning of your computer. Including for overclocking. The following items are highlighted in yellow: Processor frequency, RAM frequency, CPU cache frequency, DMI/PEG frequency and integrated graphics core frequency
Below are the options thanks to which we can change the values highlighted in yellow at the top of this tab.
Ai Overclock Tuner - allows you to select the XMP profile. In this case, the processor multiplier, base frequency and memory parameters will be adjusted automatically. In this case, we have a point below in which we can select the desired profile.
How to change item values? Point the mouse at the desired item and left-click on it. This will open a pop-up window with possible value options for the selected item. Select the one you need and confirm with the Enter key or the left mouse button. If you have problems with the mouse, see the tips at the bottom right.
There are many options in this tab, which is why a scroll bar appears. Scroll down and see the following items
GPU Boost is a technology from ASUS for overclocking the video core built into the processor. If you don’t have a discrete video card, but want to get the most out of the built-in one, then it makes sense to use this option.
Below you can enable EPU power saving mode. This is probably the same as choosing the Energy Saving mode - in the EZ Mode window. Additional functions are included that will reduce energy consumption.
We leave the remaining options, especially power management, at default.
If you really want to speed up the system, you can try setting the timings or RAM delays a little lower in the section Managing DRAM timing parameters. At the very beginning there are the main timings, reducing which can speed up the system. Change one parameter at a time. Then reboot and test. It is advisable to use a RAM test.
At the very bottom there are voltage settings, which I don’t know much about, so I don’t touch them.
Additional BIOS settings
On the Advanced Settings tab, you can configure the hardware built into the motherboard
This tab consists of sections in each of which there are several sub-items. This is where the pictures with the new BIOS end. We will look at the example of an old BIOS for the P8H67-V motherboard
Processor Configuration
In this section we can see all the interesting information about the processor
Intel Adaptive Thermal Monitor - it seems to me that it allows you to monitor the processor temperature and, when it rises above a certain limit (usually 72-75 degrees Celsius), reduces the frequency until the temperature falls within normal limits. This often happens when the computer has not been cleaned of dust for a long time. The cooling system does not cope with its functions and overheats. The end result is a decrease in productivity. This feature keeps your processor from overheating, so leave this option enabled.
Hyper-threading is a feature that allows each physical processor core to run two processes at once. As a result, the operating system (in the task manager) sees twice as many cores. This has a great effect on performance, so if you have an Intel core i3 or Core i7, then leave this feature enabled.
Active Processor Cores - a function that allows you to set how many processor cores will be active. You can only disable physical cores. For example, Core i3 has two physical cores. you can leave one active. This will greatly reduce performance. We leave this ALL function as is.
I leave the points I miss as they are.
Intel Virtualization Technology - Intel virtualization technologies. Enable if you use virtual machines.
At the bottom there is also a section CPU Power Management Configuration, where I leave everything as is.
PCH Configuration in this section I leave everything as is
SATA Configuration
If you have a modern hard drive, then to enable NCQ technology (natural command queue - increases HDD performance) and shutdown on the fly, you must enable the hard drive operating mode - AHCI
In Windows XP, you must do this before installing the system or install the appropriate drivers first. It is advisable to take the latter from the website of the motherboard or computer manufacturer
After enabling AHCI mode, you can enable Hot Plug mode for each device connected to a specific port
Also in this section there is an option S.M.A.R.T. Status Check. It diagnoses the hard drive and monitors the drive’s parameters. If these parameters are normal, then everything is fine. Otherwise, when you turn on the computer, you will be prompted to take care of the backup. Usually this function helps, but there are different cases, so it is better to immediately make copies of important data to another physical disk. For example, on an external hard drive. You can also set up automatic data archiving and not worry.
System Agent Configuration
Memory Remap Feature - a function that allows you to reassign the addresses of devices connected to your computer beyond the limits of 4 GB of RAM. Enabling this feature with more than 4 GB of installed memory and a 32-bit operating system allows you to use a little more memory for the system. You can read and try how to use all RAM in a 32-bit system here. Results are not guaranteed
To guarantee the use of more than 4 GB of memory, you must install 64-bit operating systems.
In the Graphics Configuration section we can configure the Primary Display. That is, so that the system does not waste time searching for the monitor on which it is necessary to display information, but immediately displays it. This may speed up loading times, but if you disconnect or connect a discrete graphics card, these settings will need to be changed.
iGPU - integrated video
PCIE - discrete video card connected to the PCI Express slot
PCI - probably old discrete video cards installed in the PCI slot
Also, if you use integrated graphics, then in the iGPU Memory section you can strictly assign allocated RAM to the built-in video card. I leave this value on Auto since I don’t play.
USB Configuration
Here you can see all the devices connected to the USB ports of your computer
Here I leave everything as is.
Onboard Devices Configuration
Configuration of devices located on the motherboard
HD Audio Controller - enables HD audio output.
Front Panel Tupe - type of sound output to the front panel.
The following items (VIA Storage Controller and VIA Storage OPROM) are most likely needed to support IDE devices. I don’t know exactly, so I’ll leave it at default. (I disabled these functions and my computer started to boot 2 times faster. I did not expect such an effect)
Atheros Lan - allows you to disable the built-in network card.
Asmedia USB 3.00 Controller - function allows you to enable or disable the USB 3.0 controller
Asmedia USB 3.00 Battery Charging Support - allows you to charge devices from a USB 3.0 port. By default the feature is disabled. I’m not going to turn it on because when charging devices, a lot of power passes through the port and something can burn out.
In the Serial Port Configuration section, you can disable an unused serial port. COM port. It's almost never used anymore
Disable this feature
Restore AC Power Loss - allows you to set the computer to turn on after a power failure. You can set Power Off - then the computer will not turn on. If you set Power On, the computer will turn on as soon as the power is normalized. Interesting feature I will use. Computer power failures are not only harmful to your computer's components, but can also lead to data loss. Therefore, it is advisable to use uninterruptible power supplies.
You can also set the computer to turn on using the Power On By PS/2 Keyboard and mouse - Power On By PS/2 Mouse. You can also set the computer to turn on from other devices
By default, all this is disabled. Let's leave it as is.
Monitor
This tab monitors system parameters. You can control the temperature of the processor and motherboard (no one I ask, no one knows where exactly this sensor is located, if you know, please write in the comments, I’ll add it to the article, everyone will be interested)
You can also see the rotation speeds of the fans connected to the motherboard here. All of this is tracked by default; if you don’t need it, then any or all of them can be disabled by selecting the desired item, pressing Enter and selecting Ignore.
The BIOS has a function that controls fans - Q-Fan Control. You can control the CPU fan and case fans separately.
Using CPU Fan Speed Low Limit, you can set the minimum rotation speed of the processor fan. In theory, if it drops below there will be a warning and the computer will not turn on. My silent computer does not have a CPU fan, so I have to disable this feature.
CPU Fan Profile - sets fan control parameters. Silence is important to me, so I chose Silent
You can also see the voltage supplied to the processor along the +3.3V, +5V, +12V lines. You can track whether any voltage is outside the limits (it seems 5%). If it does, then you can think about replacing the power supply.
Loading
Bootup NumLock State - allows you to set the state of the Num Lock key. That is, the numeric keypad will be turned on or off when the computer turns on.
Full Screen Logo - if the option is enabled, you will be shown the logo of the motherboard or computer manufacturer while POST (Power-On Self-Test) devices are being checked. By default the option is enabled. If you want to see everything that happens during the scan, disable this option.
Wait For “F1” If Error - If the function is enabled, then if a failure or error is detected during the POST test, a warning will appear on the screen asking you to press F1 to further boot or troubleshoot.
Setup Mode - allows you to select a mode when you enter the BIOS. The default is EZ Mode. If you need to immediately be in advanced mode, stop the corresponding option.
I always select Boot Option #1 - my hard drive on which the operating system is installed. This, it seems to me, reduces the boot time of the computer. If you need to boot from another drive, then the Boot Menu, called up by pressing the F8 key when you turn on the computer, comes to the rescue.
In the Hard Drive BBS Priorities section, you can select which hard drive will be first. This will be the boot priority.
For example, you have two hard drives with Windows 7 and Windows 8. If you set the hard drive with Windows 8 as a priority and set boot from it in Boot Options #1, then Windows 8 will boot. To boot Windows 7, you will need to change the priority of the hard drives in Hard Drive BBS Priorities.
Floppy Drive BBS Priorities - you can select the priority of the flash drive. Let's say you have two flash drives. You set Boot Option #1 to boot from a flash drive. And in order to boot from the desired flash drive, you need to select it first in Floppy Drive BBS Priorities.
This confuses me too, so I use the boot menu via F8.
Service
In the Service or Tool section there are three sections: ASUS EZ Flash 2 Utility, ASUS SPD Information and ASUS O.C. Profile
The ASUS EZ Flash 2 Utility is designed to help you update your BIOS. It was described in detail in the previous article.
The ASUS SPD Information utility allows you to view information about the installed RAM. Volume, frequency at which it operates, serial number, date of manufacture, manufacturer and delays or timings
The profile is saved as follows. In the Label field, enter the name of your profile. In the Save to Profile field, enter the profile number in which of the 8 to save the current BIOS settings and press Enter. A pop-up window will appear asking you to confirm your intentions. That's it, the profile is saved.
In more advanced versions of BIOS (for example, for motherboards with 7th and 8th series chipsets) it is possible to save and load a profile to a flash drive.
I don’t yet know what will happen to the profiles if the BIOS is reset (for example, the battery runs out). If anyone has information please write in the comments.
How to reset bios
Naturally, this article would not be complete without information on resetting the BIOS to default settings. At the moment I know of two ways to restore default settings
There is also a third option for collecting BIOS settings using a special utility. But I haven’t used it yet, so I only know about its existence.
Conclusion
That's basically all the BIOS settings for the ASUS P8H67-V motherboard. After you make changes, you need to save them. Press the F10 key or the Exit button at the top right to confirm saving the settings. Now the computer will reboot with the new settings and if everything goes well, the operating system will load.
General principles of working with computer BIOS. (which I currently use as a guide).
- You can change any parameter (except voltage) without fear. If the computer does not boot, everything can be returned to default by resetting the BIOS
- It's best to change parameters one at a time. This makes it easier to track and eliminate possible unstable computer behavior
- All parameters that are not known are left at default
This allows me to configure my computer’s BIOS quite safely.
Naturally, for other motherboards the settings may differ slightly, but I hope we have figured out the basic parameters. If you have any questions, ask in the comments, we’ll try to figure it out together.
Best regards, Anton Dyachenko
YouPK.ru
How to open and configure BIOS on a computer? Minimum software for dummies
Each user, when working on a computer, one way or another, has to work with BIOS - a standard input (output) system that determines the type of interaction between all components and devices connected to the PC. But the level of mastery of it is, of course, different for everyone. So, while some users have long ago mastered all the intricacies of this “software shell”, others still continue to be tormented by questions about why a BIOS is needed and how to configure it on a computer. Maybe it's time to finally find out the correct answers to them?
Why do you need a BIOS?
Understanding the purpose of BIOS, we can come to a very clear conclusion that it is thanks to this software that each user gets the opportunity to fully use and manage their laptop or desktop PC. In particular, using the BIOS built into the motherboard on the computer:
- initialization, POST testing and configuration of connected hardware is carried out;
- PCI devices are configured and system resources are redistributed;
- parameters for launching the operating system are set, including from a HDD disk, CD / DVD disk and flash drive;
- software interrupts from system devices, etc. are processed.
- the optimal value for energy consumption is selected, tasks for turning on, putting the computer into sleep mode and shutting down are configured.
Accordingly, the overall level of PC performance and the performance of its individual components will directly depend on how to configure the BIOS. However, you need to take into account that the BIOS shell on different laptops may differ depending on the type of motherboard installed.
How to determine the BIOS type?
It must be said that there are quite a lot of BIOS versions today. In particular, Award, Phoenix-Award, UEFI, and AMI can be installed on your computer, which in turn may also differ in build versions: 
At the same time, determining what type of BIOS you will have to deal with during setup is not so difficult. With Windows fully loaded, for example, you can use the Run system utility for this purpose. In this case, in order to find out the version of your BIOS after pressing +R, we only need to enter the msinfo32 command in the “Open” line, and then press Enter and read the information we need in the system information section: 
If the computer is just turning on, to view information about the BIOS version, just press the Pause/Break button on the keyboard when a black window appears, corresponding to the POST procedure: 
If you wish, of course, you can find the same data in the BIOS interface itself.
How to open the BIOS and configure it?
In order to get to the BIOS menu, you don’t need to turn inside out: you just need to press special hot keys designed for this purpose when starting the computer. The list of them is already in front of you: 
At the same time, information about the “hot keys” for entering the BIOS can, if desired, be found on the PC screen itself during boot time: 
The main thing is to look closely! At the same time, on computers with Windows 8, in order to gain access to the BIOS, you may need to delay the system startup. The bottom line is that this edition of Windows starts up so quickly that the default time for pressing hot keys is about 0.2 seconds. At the same time, getting rid of such a problem is quite easy with the help of this plan:
Has the situation with launching the BIOS been clarified? Then let's move on to the basics of setting it up. Actually, you can configure it in the BIOS:
If desired, you can also return the computer to safe or optimized settings by selecting the Load Fail-Safe (or Optimized) Defaults tab, respectively. In any case, you will need to press F10 to save the changes made to the BIOS. Exiting the settings is carried out simultaneously with pressing Esc on the keyboard.
WindowsTune.ru
Bios settings
Bios setting
The Basic Input-Output System is an important part of any PC's procedures and is stored on a separate chip on the motherboard. At its core, it is an intermediary between computer hardware and the operating system. Without it, the operating system would not be able to communicate with the hardware and control it. In other words, Bios is the most important component of any computer. If its parameters are set incorrectly, then the performance of your PC can be reduced by up to 40%. Unfortunately, as new processors and motherboards come out, the options continue to become more confusing. As a result, many users simply do not understand the meaning. Each motherboard or computer uses different versions. Here we consider an example of BIOS optimization based on the Asus A7N8X-E Deluxe motherboard, since after it a large number of other motherboards with similar BIOS were released. It is likely that your motherboard will have certain differences from this model, but you will be able to get an idea of the possible adjustments.
BIOS: Basics and Principles
When the computer starts, it “introduces” the processor to the main components of the motherboard and tells the processor what program to run next when completed. As a rule, it transfers control to the boot sector of the drive, which can be a flash drive, DVD or hard drive. The boot sector launches the bootloader, which activates the main operating system, the same Windows or Linux.
The BIOS is responsible for more than just the boot process. Many operating systems use it as an intermediary to access various hardware.
1. BIOS version Each motherboard uses its own BIOS version, specially designed for its hardware. Most often found from Phoenix Award, and in two varieties. Additionally, some computers use American Megatrends (AMI).
The menu structure and symbols used vary from one manufacturer to another. Even the BIOS menus for two consecutive motherboard models may differ to some extent. This is why we cannot give an accurate description of the options of every computer known to mankind. But don't despair. You can easily find a match between the sections discussed below (based on the Phoenix Award) and the BIOS items of your PC. Don't be upset if you don't see some settings: this means that your PC's Basic Input-Output System doesn't allow you to control those settings directly.
2. How to enter Bios
During boot, when it checks the system's hardware components, counts available memory, and finds hard drives and other drives or devices, you can use a special key to exit to the BIOS Setup program. Often it is enough to press the key, but other options are also used, for example. Look carefully at the screen during boot: in most BIOSes, it displays a line like “F10 = Setup” closer to the bottom of the monitor. If all else fails, open the manual for the motherboard, where the magic combination should be indicated. Press the indicated key (or combination) and hold it for a second or two while your PC boots.
If it works, it will calculate the amount of available memory, after which the BIOS main menu will appear. If it doesn’t work, restart your computer and try using a different key combination. For example, many laptops enter the BIOS by pressing the or key. Sometimes the keys work, or a combination like .
3. How to change Bios settings
To select a menu in it, use the cursor and use the arrows to move it to the desired item. By pressing the “Enter” key, you will go to the section or receive a setting selection window (as in the illustration below). To change the specified setting, press the plus [+] or minus [-] keys, or another combination like and . From the main Bios settings menu you will be taken to various settings sections, which can also be divided into their own subsections.
Let me briefly go through the sections of the main BIOS setup menu.
- In the “Main” or “Standard CMOS Setup” section, you can set the date and time, as well as hard drive parameters.
- The BIOS Features Setup section provides various general settings.
- The “Integrated Peripherals” section is responsible for interfaces and additional system functions.
- The “Power Management Setup” section allows you to configure all power consumption and power options.
- In the “PnP/PCI Configurations” section you can bind interrupts (IRQs) to expansion cards of your PC. If such functions are not available in the section, they can be found in the “Advanced” subsection.
- The “Hardware Monitor” section allows you to find out the values of system sensors: processor temperature or fan speed (rpm). Usually the rotation speeds of the processor and case fans are shown, but the parameters of the power supply fan or others may also be present here.
- The Load Setup Defaults item restores the BIOS settings to default and removes any changes you may have made. This item will be useful if your actions led to any problems in the system.
4. Exit BIOS Setup
To complete the BIOS setup, press the key or select the main menu item “Save & Exit Setup”. Sometimes you first need to select the “Exit” item, and then select the “Exit & Save Changes” option. Then you are usually offered the choice of saving the changes made: “Yes” [Y] or “No” [N]. Select the required option and your computer will restart.
Main BIOS Options
Let's start with the BIOS main options menu (Main Options), which can be called up by clicking on the “Main” tab in the upper left corner.
Below you can set the time and date, as well as the parameters of your hard drives and other installed drives. Every time you boot, your PC will most likely automatically detect the drives installed on the system. This takes a second or two on most computers, but if you manually enter the settings you need, you'll speed up the boot time somewhat.
To do this, select the drive by moving the cursor to it and press “Enter”. Then write down the values for the Cylinders, Heads, Sectors, and LBA parameters. Some BIOSes have options for Block Mode and 32-Bit Transfer Mode. Change the drive type from "AUTO" to "USER". Then enter the same numbers that were displayed. On most modern computers, LBA Mode, Block Mode, and 32-bit Transfer Mode should be turned ON, even if they were disabled previously.
If no drives are connected to this controller channel, select NONE. For example, if your hard drive is configured as Primary Master and your CD-RW drive is configured as Secondary Master, make sure that the Primary/Secondary Slave on each channel is set to NONE. If you leave the AUTO option without the presence of a device, the computer will check for the presence of a drive every time. Setting it to NONE where there are no drives will speed up loading a bit.
Advanced Features
Then select the Advanced tab, which will be divided into several submenus. The first branch is called "Advanced BIOS Features."
Is it necessary to thoroughly test your memory and disk drive every time you turn on your computer? Unless you suspect there is a problem with one of these components, it probably doesn't make sense to run a BIOS diagnostic every time. In this part of the BIOS, you can reduce the system startup time by enabling or disabling certain functions. For example, those that we indicated above. Below are the recommended settings.
Boot Virus Detection: “Enabled”. Sometimes this item is located in the main section of the BIOS (“Standard” or “Main”). Today, boot viruses are not as common as they once were, but this feature will protect your data when booting from an infected floppy disk or CD-ROM.
CPU Level 1 Cache (processor L1 cache): “Enabled”.
CPU Level 2 Cache (processor L2 cache): “Enabled”.
Quick Power On Self Test: Enabled. This item allows you to avoid repeating memory testing several times when you turn on the PC. If you have faulty memory, this test still won’t detect it.
First, Second, or Third Boot Device: Set your boot order and disable any devices you don't plan to boot from.
Boot Up Floppy Seek (checking the drive at boot): “Disabled” (disabled). Extra waste of time, and extra noise.
Boot Up NumLock Status (state of the “NumLock” key when loading): choose here yourself. Some people like that the NumLock key is activated when Windows boots, others don't.
Gate A20 Option: FAST. Although this feature has lost its significance under Windows XP, we still recommend leaving it enabled. Older versions of Windows and OS/2 work better if the parameter is set to FAST. The only reason for setting this parameter to “Normal” is when loading DOS.
Typematic Rate Setting: “Disabled”. Here you can choose for yourself. This setting determines how often keyboard characters will be pressed when holding a specific key.
APIC Mode: Enabled. Behind the APIC lies an Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, which is responsible for supporting multiple processors, additional IRQs and faster interrupt processing.
OS/2 Onboard Memory > 64M: Disabled. This setting only applies to users who will be running the now legacy OS/2 operating system from IBM.
Full Screen LOGO Show: Your choice. When the option is enabled, the memory counter and the Power-On Self-Test (POST) are hidden behind the graphic image. If this option is disabled, you will see the normal loading screen. Actually, it is present on most computers. Some users like to hide the POST screen, while others like to watch the process.
POST Complete Report: Take your pick. When you enable this option, you will receive a full POST report.
Overclocking options in advanced BIOS settings
Overclockers and enthusiasts trying to increase system performance often increase the bus and core frequencies of the processor. In addition, they often increase the voltage of the components, since this can achieve higher clock speeds, but also generates more heat.
Overclocking no longer results in the kind of performance difference we were accustomed to a few years ago. In addition, overclocking voids the user's warranty, can lead to component failure, and the system may become unstable. For this reason, most frequency and voltage settings in this section of the BIOS should be left at "AUTO". If you want to adjust the settings, click on the “Advanced” tab of the BIOS screen, and then select the “Advanced Chipset Features” branch.
CPU External Freq. (MHz) (external processor frequency, MHz): Make sure it is set according to the specifications of your processor.
CPU Frequency Multiple Setting: AUTO.
CPU Frequency Multiple: Make sure the multiplier is set according to the processor specifications.
In other BIOSes, the multiplier item may be called “CPU Multiplier”. To understand the meaning of the multiplier, remember that the processor frequency is different from the rest of your system. Our example uses an AMD Athlon 2600+ processor, whose frequency is 2133 MHz. The processor FSB frequency is 133.33 MHz. The processor operating frequency of 2133 MHz (2.133 GHz) is set by multiplying the FSB frequency by a multiplier. In this case, we just get 16 x 133.33 = 2133.
Through testing, AMD has determined that the 2133 MHz processor is as fast (or even faster) than the 2.6 GHz Intel processor. Because consumers typically use clock speed to measure performance, AMD had to find a way to convince consumers that lower clock speeds on AMD processors do not mean lower performance. For this purpose, model numbers were introduced. So it should come as no surprise that the AMD Athlon 2600+ (in our example) is actually clocked at 2.133 GHz rather than 2.6 GHz.
System Performance: Optimal.
CPU Interface: "Optimal"
Memory Frequency (memory interface): “By SPD” (via SPD). Most memory module manufacturers add a special chip (Serial Presence Detect, SPD), which tells the computer's BIOS the module size, frequency, voltage and other memory parameters. These settings are determined by the manufacturer to ensure maximum performance and reliability. This is why we recommend leaving the “By SPD” option. If you adjust the memory settings manually, you can squeeze out a little more performance. But be careful: the system may start to crash at random times, not boot properly, or refuse to boot at all.
Memory Timings: “Optimal”
FSB Spread Spectrum: "Disabled" This feature allows systems to pass European electromagnetic interference (EMI) tests. It constantly changes, albeit slightly, the Front Side Bus (FSB) frequency. Please be aware that enabling this feature may result in interruptions to your Internet connection and may also cause stability issues when overclocking your system.
AGP Spread Spectrum: "Disabled" The same thing is true here as stated in the previous paragraph. Except that the frequency of the Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) interface is modulated.
CPU VCore Setting: “AUTO”.
CPU VCore (CPU Core Voltage): Make sure this setting is set according to the CPU specifications.
Graphics Aperture Size (AGP aperture size): 64 MB or 128 MB. This function controls the Graphics Address Relocation Table (GART) and the amount of memory that the AGP bus can address. Regardless of the memory size of your graphics card, we recommend specifying 64 or 128 MB. As a result, the video card will provide optimized performance even if the application requires additional memory for textures - at the same time, GART will not go beyond reasonable limits.
AGP Frequency: "AUTO".
System BIOS Cacheable: Disabled. You might think that caching is a good thing. Yes, but not always. Enabling this feature may cause the system to crash if a program attempts to write data to the cached area of the BIOS. If you are using DOS, then it is better to enable the function.
Video RAM Cacheable: Disabled. This option allows you to copy the video memory directly to the L2 cache, which is faster than the video card ROM. However, Windows today has advanced much further than DOS, so it uses the video card ROM very rarely. Since the L2 cache is limited in size, it is recommended to use it to improve the efficiency of other tasks.
DDR Reference Voltage (voltage of DDR modules): 2.6V. The setting controls the voltage of your system's Double Data Rate (DDR) memory modules.
AGP VDDQ Voltage (AGP VDDQ voltage): 1.5V. VDDQ is a technical abbreviation (Voltage between Drain and common for Data Quad-band). But we won't go into details. All you need to understand is that the voltage of the AGP port of the video card is set here.
AGP 8X Support: Enable this option if your video card supports the 8X AGP interface. In addition, motherboards with VIA chipset should install “VIA 4-in-1” drivers.
AGP Fast Write Capability: We recommend enabling this option. This feature allows you to bypass main RAM when writing from the chipset to an AGP device, improving performance by up to 10%. However, some cards and games may have problems enabling this feature. We recommend experimenting to determine which setting works best for your PC.
Peripheral settings in BIOS (Integrated Peripherals)
This section of the BIOS contains settings for the built-in peripherals installed on the motherboard. This includes serial and parallel ports, audio, LAN, USB ports, etc. If some ports are not used, but they are enabled in the BIOS, then the ports consume unnecessary system resources. It's still better to turn them off.
Primary VGA BIOS: This feature is only used if your PC has two graphics cards installed: one AGP (accelerated graphics port) and one PCI (peripheral component interconnect). The system must know which card to initialize first and consider as the primary one. If you have one video card, then most likely it supports the AGP interface. In most cases the default setting is not correct and should be changed to AGP VGA Card. If you really have two video cards, then choose the main one. It will display information about the POST test and OS loading.
USB Controllers: This feature allows you to limit the functionality of your PC's Universal Serial Bus (USB) controllers. You can select “USB 1.1 only”, “USB 1.1 and 2.0” and turn off USB altogether. For most users, setting up USB 1.1 and 2.0 will be the best option.
USB Legacy Support: This feature should be enabled if your PC is equipped with a USB keyboard and you want to use it in a DOS environment or before loading the OS (in the boot menu, for example). If the setting is disabled, the keyboard will not work after booting from a floppy disk or CD-ROM. And you won't be able to enter the BIOS either. If your PC uses a USB keyboard (rectangular connector), then set the setting to “Enabled”. If you have a PS/2 keyboard (round connector), set it to “Disabled”. Please note that enabling this feature may result in problems waking up from Standby or Hibernate modes, or may cause your PC to shut down incorrectly. In other words, activate the feature only when necessary.
USB Mouse Support: The same is true as the previous point. It is best to disable this option.
Onboard AC97 Audio Controller: If your PC is equipped with an additional sound card, such as the Sound Blaster Audigy, or your system does not have speakers, then disable the built-in sound card (“Disabled”). Then you will free up precious resources and prevent potential conflicts. However, many computers use integrated sound solutions, so you should leave the option enabled (“Enabled”).
Onboard AC97 Modem Controller: Some motherboards use an onboard dial-up modem. If there is no modem socket, a modem is not needed at all, or a separate modem card is used, then the option should be disabled (“Disabled”). Otherwise, turn it on (“Enabled”).
Onboard LAN (nVidia) (built-in LAN controller): This option allows you to enable or disable the built-in network card. The options are “Auto” or “Disabled”. The ASUS motherboard used for our review has two built-in network cards, which are especially useful in cases where the PC is used as a router for distributing an Internet connection: one network card connects to a cable/DSL modem, and the second to a switch on your network . If you only use one network port or do not need a network at all, then turn off the controller to free up valuable resources.
Onboard LAN (3Com): This option applies to the second onboard LAN controller. The same thing is true here as stated above.
Onboard 1394 Device (FireWire): This feature enables or disables your PC's onboard IEEE 1394 (FireWire) port. If you are not using any FireWire devices, then disable the option to free up valuable resources.
Floppy Disk Access Controller: Most modern boards do not have floppy drives. If this is true for your PC, or you don’t need the drive, then disable it and free up resources. Note: If you have a floppy drive installed and you turn it off in the BIOS, you will not be able to use it until you turn the feature back on in the BIOS.
Onboard Serial Port 1 (built-in serial port): Most users no longer use serial ports to connect peripherals, since today this interface has almost completely been replaced by USB. If you are not using serial ports, disable them to free up resources. On the other hand, if the serial port is used, then set the option “3F8/IRQ4”.
Onboard Serial Port 2: The same as above is true. If the port is in use, set the value to “2F8/IRQ3”.
UART2 Use As: UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is a chip that receives and transmits data serially. Each serial port uses this chip, although it is possible to integrate multiple UARTs into a single chip. Many motherboards offer IR pins instead of COM2, so take your pick. But remember that for the IR port you must install an IR adapter, usually sold separately.
Onboard Parallel Port: This feature allows you to select the parallel port mode or disable it altogether. If you do not use the parallel port, then disabling the option will free up valuable system resources. If the port is used, we recommend setting the value to “378/IRQ7”.
Parallel Port Mode: If you have disabled the parallel port, this setting has no effect. However, when enabling the parallel port, you can set the “EPP” (enhanced parallel port) or “ECP” (enhanced capabilities port) modes. EPP mode is recommended if your system has only one device that uses a parallel port (for example, a printer). Select "ECP" if you have multiple devices connected to the port: say, an external zip drive, scanner, printer, or tape drive. Make sure you use parallel cables that are IEEE 1284 certified.
ECP DMA Select: If you have selected ECP or EPP plus ECP mode for the parallel port, this option will also appear. With its help, you can set the direct memory access channel (DMA, Direct Memory Access) that you plan to use. We recommend the default value of "3".
Onboard Game Port: If your system has a separate sound card, or you don't use MIDI devices or older joysticks, then this feature should be disabled to free up valuable resources. If you are using the built-in game port, then set the default value to “201”.
Onboard MIDI I/O (built-in MIDI interface): MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) allows you to connect musical instruments with PC hardware and software. If the computer is not used to connect external MIDI devices, then feel free to disable the option. Otherwise, we recommend the default value of "330".
Onboard MIDI IRQ: Same as above. If you are using MIDI devices, then set the default setting to 10.
Power Management Settings in BIOS
This area of the BIOS is where most users get confused. If the settings here are not correct, the system will not shut down properly and will not exit Standby or Hibernate states correctly. Since Windows already has built-in power management, all relevant options in the BIOS can be turned off. Otherwise they will conflict with each other and neither will work correctly. Motherboard manufacturers understand that not everyone uses Windows, so most settings are intended for users of other OSes.
ACPI Suspend to RAM: ACPI stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - do not confuse it with APIC or IPCA, which are also options in some BIOSes. The Suspend to RAM feature, also called S3/STR, allows the computer to save more power when in standby mode, but all devices connected to the computer must be ACPI compatible. Some BIOS have an "S1/POS" option for this scenario. If you enable this feature and have problems with standby mode, go back to the BIOS and turn it off.
Video Off Method: DPMS stands for Display Power Management System. This option allows the BIOS to manage a graphics card that supports the "DPMS" feature. The Blank Screen option simply produces a blank black screen - it should be used for those monitors that do not support green options or power saving mode. The “V/H SYNC Blank” option not only produces a black screen, but also turns off vertical and horizontal scanning. If your computer and monitor were released in the last five years, then we recommend the “DPMS” option.
HDD Down In Suspend: This function determines whether the HDD will automatically turn off in Suspend mode. Most of these settings are controlled by Windows, but if your hard drive does not turn off when the computer enters Suspend mode, then enable this option. Otherwise, it is better to leave it turned off (“Disabled”).
Power Up On PCI Device: If you are using Wake-On-LAN - this option is often used in large office environments to turn on computers remotely - then leave the option enabled ("Enabled"). Otherwise, we recommend turning off this option (“Disabled”).
Wake/Power Up on Ext. Modem: This feature allows the computer to automatically turn on when the modem telephone line is activated. Again, a convenient feature for remote control. In other environments, that is, for most users, it is better to turn it off (“Disabled”).
Automatic Power Up: This feature allows you to set a time when your computer will automatically turn on. If you need such a function, then turn it on (“Enabled”). Otherwise, turn it off (“Disabled”).
Time (hh:mm:ss) of Alarm: Set the time for automatic activation here. Don't forget to turn on the Automatic Power Up feature.
AC Power Loss Restart: This option tells the computer what it should do after an unexpected power loss and restoration. If the option is disabled (“Disabled”), the system will not start. If enabled (“Enabled”), the system will reboot. We recommend turning this option off (“Disabled”).
Power On By PS/2 Mouse: If the option is enabled, a PS/2 mouse (not USB) can be used to turn on the PC. Turn off (“Disabled”) this option to avoid turning on the computer by accidentally touching the mouse.
Power On By PS/2 Keyboard: When activated, you can turn on the system using special keys. It is better to turn off the function (“Disabled”) so as not to accidentally make the wrong key.
PnP/PCI BIOS Configurations
This area of the BIOS exists primarily to resolve compatibility issues with older hardware. Most users do not need to change the default settings here.
Reset Configuration Data: ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data) contains information about all non-PnP devices (plug and play). It also stores system information from the previous boot. Enable this option to clear data during the Power-On-Self-Test (POST). Typically, cleaning is done when diagnosing any component that is not working correctly. After enabling the option (“Enabled”) and exiting the BIOS, the configuration data will be cleared and the option will automatically turn off (“Disabled”).
Resources Controlled By: This setting allows the computer to either set IRQs automatically or manually assign IRQs to all devices. Please note that manually specifying an IRQ may cause problems. This option is only necessary when working with older, non-PnP peripherals. It is recommended to set to “AUTO”(ESCD).
IRQ Resources: This option will allow you to manually configure IRQ. It is activated only if you selected manual indication (“MANUAL”) in the previous paragraph.
PCI/VGA Palette Snoop: This feature usually applies to add-on video cards like MPEG encoders. They do not have their own color palette, so they must snoop the palette from the system video card. If, like most users, you do not have an additional video device connected to the video card, then disable this setting (“Disabled”).
Security options in BIOS
BIOS security options allow you to restrict outsiders from accessing the BIOS or computer to prevent them from making any changes. Since BIOS settings are critical for the correct operation of the PC, many administrators in companies lock the BIOS with a password.
Security Option: This option allows you to protect changes to the BIOS with a password (Setup option). In addition, here you can specify that a password is requested every time the PC boots (the “System” option).
Set Supervisor Password: If you specify an administrative password, it will be requested when you enter the BIOS (when you select the “Setup” option above). If in the paragraph above you specified the “System” option, then a password is also required for “cold” boot.
Set User Password: Here you can specify a password that will be requested from users when the PC boots. If the Supervisor Password is also specified, then in the BIOS the user will only be able to change the time and date.
Note: If you forget or lose your passwords, you will have to reset the BIOS to factory settings by temporarily changing the jumper on the motherboard.
Hardware Monitor Menu
In this part of the BIOS you can monitor voltages, fan speeds and temperatures. On the ASUS motherboard used in our article, you can also change the fan speed depending on temperature parameters. In addition, you can set the CPU temperature alarm, which will be activated when it overheats. Another possibility is to turn off the computer after exceeding the threshold temperature. Then your processor will not burn out from overheating or in any extreme situations.
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